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Unit3Inventorsandinventions,知識(shí)歸納,1._________n.專利證書;專利權(quán)2.__________n.院子;庭院;天井3.__________n.胡桃;胡桃木4.____________vi.就近的,patent,courtyard,walnut,distinguish,powder,perfume,convenient,(一)基本單詞,知識(shí)清單,8.__________n.(評(píng)判的)標(biāo)準(zhǔn);尺度9.______n.文件;檔案;文件夾vt.提交;將……歸檔10.______adj.熟的;成熟的11._________n.線;繩子;一串12.______n.膠;膠水vt.粘貼;粘合13._____________n.蔬菜水果商(pl)蔬菜水果店14.__________n.電話薄;商行名錄15.______vt.撥(電話),criterion,file,ripe,string,glue,greengrocer,directory,dial,16.________n.降雨17.__________n.燈籠;提燈18.______n.堵塞;阻塞;果醬19.___________n.額頭20._______n.點(diǎn);小圓點(diǎn)vt.以小圓點(diǎn)標(biāo)出;分散21.______vt.飲料吸管,rainfall,lantern,jam,forehead,dot,tap,wire,straw,24._________n.(水或氣)流;電流adj.現(xiàn)在的;當(dāng)前的25.____________n.直升機(jī)26.___________n.三角形;三角形物體27.__________vt.聯(lián)想;聯(lián)系n.同伴;伙伴28._______________n.冰箱29._________n.法庭;法院;朝廷30.____________n.電話分機(jī);擴(kuò)大;延伸31.__________n.人力資源;人事部;全體人員,current,helicopter,triangle,associate,refrigerator,court,extension,personnel,32._____________n.期望;期待;預(yù)料33._________vt.抓住;捉住;奪34.__________adj.有效的;確鑿的35._________adj.充滿活力的;精力充沛的;動(dòng)態(tài)的;發(fā)展變化的36._______adj.穩(wěn)固的;穩(wěn)定的;安定的,expectation,seize,valid,dynamic,stable,37.________adj.仁慈的→_________adj.殘忍的38._________n.產(chǎn)品→____________n.生產(chǎn)39.__________adj.不銹的;沒有污點(diǎn)的→________n.污點(diǎn);污跡→________adj.滿是污痕的40.________adj.突然的;意外的→_________adv.突然地;意外地,merciful,stainless,stain,stained,product,production,abrupt,abruptly,merciless,(二)派生單詞,41.____________n.小心;謹(jǐn)慎→____________adj.謹(jǐn)慎的42.___________adj.被動(dòng)的;消極的→__________(反義詞)主動(dòng)的;積極的43.__________adj.冰凍的;嚴(yán)寒的→_________vt.結(jié)冰44.____________n.鑒定;辨認(rèn);身份證明→__________vt.確認(rèn);確定,caution,cautious,passive,active,freezing,freeze,identification,identify,45._________adj.清白的;無(wú)罪的;天真的→__________n.清白46._________vt.忍受;負(fù)擔(dān)→_________(過(guò)去式)_________(過(guò)去分詞)47.__________adj.實(shí)踐的;實(shí)際的→_____________adj.理論上的48.__________n.能力;勝任→___________adj.能勝任的,innocent,innocence,bear,bore,petence,petent,practical,theoretical,borne,1._______________決定;選定2._______________給某人打電話3._______________偶爾;有時(shí)4.___________________________開始著手干……5.________________與此同時(shí)6._________________在預(yù)料中7._________迅速把手伸入;一心投入,decideon,callsb.up,nowandthen,setaboutdoing/setouttodo,atthesametime,intheexpectation,diveinto,(三)短語(yǔ),8._________________和……有聯(lián)系9.____________不掛斷;稍等10.______________次序顛倒;發(fā)生故障11.____________設(shè)法聯(lián)系上;(設(shè)法)做完;通過(guò)12._____________回電話13._____________掛斷電話,beassociatedwith,hangon,outoforder,getthrough,ringback,ringoff,(四)句式,Onlyafteryouhavehadthatrecognitioncanyousaythatyouaretrulyaninventor.當(dāng)only修飾副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句,且放于句首時(shí),句子要用部分倒裝。,1.distinguishvi.使著名課文原句:Herewasachanceformetodistinguishmyselfbyinventingmercifulthatwouldcatchsnakesbutnotharmthem.這回我有機(jī)會(huì)來(lái)表現(xiàn)一下自己了。我要發(fā)明某種仁慈的東西，既可以把蛇抓住，又不會(huì)傷害它。,(一)單詞,核心要點(diǎn),【歸納】distinguishbetween...and...區(qū)分/辨別……和……distinguish...from...使……有別于……的特征distinguishoneself顯揚(yáng)自己;使自己揚(yáng)名distinguishoneself(as...)(作為……)表現(xiàn)突出【拓展】distinguishedadj.卓越的;著名的;杰出的bedistinguishedfor...因……而出名,【運(yùn)用】翻譯下列句子。1)語(yǔ)言是人類區(qū)別于動(dòng)物的特征。Speechdistinguisheshumanbeingsfromtheanimals.2)他因?yàn)榘l(fā)明了計(jì)算機(jī)而出名。Hedistinguishedhimselfforinventingtheputer.,2.seizev.課文原句:…,Idecidedtoseizetheopportunitytogetrecognitionformysuccessfulideabysendingmyinventiontothepatentoffice.……,我決定抓住這次機(jī)會(huì)把我的發(fā)明送到專利局去,請(qǐng)他們對(duì)我這次成功的思路給予認(rèn)可。,【歸納】①(突然)抓住。如：Thedoggreedilyseizedthebone.②抓住機(jī)會(huì)。如：Bobseizedtheopportunitytospeaktohisteacheralone.③理解意思。如：Marywasquicktoseizethemeaningofmywords.④奪取,攻占。如：Thesoldiersseizedthecityafterahardfight.,⑤沒收。如：Thedrugsfoundinthehousewereseizedbythepolice.,3.convenientadj.方便的;附近的課文原句:Theyabruptlydisappearedintoaconvenientholeinthewall.他們行動(dòng)還是太快了，突然一下就消失在附近的墻洞里了?！練w納】常用句式：Itis/wasconvenientforsb.todosth.對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)做某事是方便的如：Thehouseisveryconvenientforseveralschools.,【拓展】conveniencen.方便,便利常用結(jié)構(gòu)：atone’sconvenience在方便時(shí);在適宜的地點(diǎn)forconvenience為了方便,為了實(shí)用toone’sconvenience對(duì)某人方便(合適),4.bearv.課文原句:Icannotbearthesmellofburntsausageonthebarbecue.我受不了架子上烤香腸的味道?！練w納】①忍受。常用結(jié)構(gòu)：can’tbearsth.,can’tbeardoingsth.,can’tbeartodosth.。如:Mr.Blackcan’tbeartotalkabouthisson’sdeath,eventome.②承擔(dān)(責(zé)任)。如：Youshouldn’thavetobeartheblameforotherpeople’smistakes.,③支撐,承受(重量)。如：Becareful!Theiceistoothintobearyourweight.④顯示,帶有。如：InfrontofthetombIsawastonebearingthedate1602.⑤生育(孩子)。如：Mostanimalsbeartheiryounginthespring.,5.tapvt.輕打;輕拍;輕敲n.輕輕地敲擊(聲);(水)龍頭課文原句:ThisoriginaltelegraphsentamessageoverdistancesusingMorsecode(aseriesofdotstappedoutalongawireinaparticularorder).這種原始的電報(bào)是在一段距離中用莫爾斯電碼傳遞信息(莫爾斯電碼是通過(guò)電線發(fā)出的以特定的次序敲擊出的一連串點(diǎn)劃)。,【歸納】giveatap輕輕一拍;輕敲tapsb.onthe...輕輕地拍某人的某個(gè)部位,1.callup給……打電話;(使)回憶想課文原句：WhenIcalledupmymotherinthecountrysideonthetelephoneshewasveryupset.我給住在鄉(xiāng)下的母親打電話的時(shí)候，她感到很心煩?！就卣埂縭ing/callback回電話ringoff掛斷電話,(二)短語(yǔ),givesb.aring給某人打電話hang/holdon不掛斷電話callfor需要;要求;呼吁;(去)接(某人)callat(火車等)?？?拜訪某地callon要求;請(qǐng)求;拜訪某人calloff取消callin召來(lái);來(lái)訪,【運(yùn)用】翻譯下列句子。1)她打電話給一個(gè)朋友，只是要聊聊天。Shecalledupafriendjustforachat.2)我8點(diǎn)鐘來(lái)接你。I’llcallforyouat8o’clock.3)比賽因天氣惡劣被取消。Thegamewascalledoffbecauseofthebadweather.,2.nowandthen偶爾;有時(shí)課文原句:Snakesenearthehousenowandthen,andtheyseemtohavemadetheirhomehere,ornotfarfromthewalnuttree.蛇時(shí)不時(shí)地爬到屋子邊上來(lái)，似乎是在屋子附近離胡桃木不遠(yuǎn)的地方安家了?！就卣埂縜ttimes有時(shí)onceinawhile偶爾nowandagain時(shí)而fromtimetotime有時(shí),3.setabout開始,著手課文原句:Isetaboutresearchingthehabitsofsnakestofindtheeasiestwaytotrapthem.我著手研究蛇的習(xí)性,以使能找到最容易的方法抓住它們?！練w納】setabout后接名詞或動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)如：Youmustsetaboutyourworkatonce.Weneedtosetaboutfindingasolution.,【拓展】setapart使分離,使分開setaside為……節(jié)省或保留(錢或時(shí)間),將……放在一邊setdown記下;放下;登記setout(todo)出發(fā);開始,著手setoff動(dòng)身,出發(fā);使爆炸setup創(chuàng)辦;建立,創(chuàng)建,①Hetriestoset_______afewdayseachmonthtostaywithhisoldparents.他每月都盡量抽出幾天來(lái)陪伴年邁的父母。②Ifyouwanttocatchthattrain,wedbetterset_______forthestationimmediately.你要是想趕上那班火車，咱們最好馬上動(dòng)身去火車站。,aside,out,【運(yùn)用】,③Theysucceededinwhattheyset________todo.他們打算做的事已經(jīng)做成了。④Theyset_______muchbeautifulfireworks.他們?nèi)挤帕嗽S多漂亮的焰火。⑤Iset________whatmyteachersaidyesterday.我把昨天老師說(shuō)的話都記下了。,out,off,down,4.getthrough接通(電話);通過(guò)(考試);用完;成功課文原句:Ican’tgetthrough.【拓展】get(sth.)acrosstosb.使某事傳播或?yàn)槿怂斫鈍etaheadofsb.領(lǐng)先某人getbacktosth.回到某事物上getsb.down使某人情緒低落getdownto(doing)sth.開始(做)某事,getin到達(dá);收獲;進(jìn)入getintouchwith和……聯(lián)系getridof擺脫;除掉;處理掉getover痊愈;克服getalong相處;進(jìn)展,①Imanagedtogetthroughthegameandthepainwasworthitintheend.()②I’vegotthroughthedrivingtestrecently.()③ItriedringingyouseveraltimesyesterdaybutIcouldn’tgetthrough(toyou).()④AssoonasIgetthroughwithmyworkI’lljoinyou.()⑤Wethoughthecouldnotgetthroughthewinter.(),設(shè)法做完,通過(guò),打通電話,做完,度過(guò),【運(yùn)用】,(三)句式,1.Onlyafteryouhavehadthatrecognitioncanyousaythatyouaretrulyaninventor.只有你得到這種承認(rèn)，你才可以說(shuō)是一個(gè)真正的發(fā)明家。Only修飾狀語(yǔ)從句位于句首，故主句采用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。after引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句；主句是canyousay...aninventor，其中say后跟由that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。,考點(diǎn)一：過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)1.AmieSalmon,disabled,isattendedthroughoutherschooldaysbyanurse_____toguardher.A.toappointB.appointingC.appointedD.havingappointed設(shè)空處作后置定語(yǔ)，appoint與nurse之間是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。,過(guò)去分詞點(diǎn)撥(一),語(yǔ)法,2.Theairport_____nextyearwillhelppromotetourisminthisarea.A.beingpletedB.tobepletedC.pletedD.havingbeenpleted作后置定語(yǔ)，plete與airport之間是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)nextyear可知，plete表示的動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生。,考點(diǎn)二：過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)InApril,thousandsofholidaymakersremained_____abroadduetothevolcanicashcloud.A.stickingB.stuckC.tobestuckD.tohavestuckstick與holidaymakers之間是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，表示狀態(tài)。remain+過(guò)去分詞表某種狀態(tài);remain+tobedone表某事留待去做。,考點(diǎn)三：過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)1.Backfromhistwo-yearmedicalserviceinAfrica,Dr.Leewasveryhappytoseehismother_____goodcareofathome.A.takingB.takenC.takeD.betaken設(shè)空處作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明hismother的狀態(tài)，因takegoodcareof與mother之間是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故填taken。,2.Clairehadherluggage_____anhourbeforeherplaneleft.A.checkB.checkingC.tocheckD.checked作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，check與luggage之間是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。,3.MichaelputupapictureofYaoMingbesidethebedtokeephimself_____ofhisowndreams.A.remindingB.toremindC.remindedD.remind作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，remind與himself之間是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。,【運(yùn)用】用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的正確形式(包括動(dòng)詞-ing形式、過(guò)去分詞及不定式)完成下面短文。TheGoldenGateBridge,1._______(build)between1933and1937,spans(橫跨)theentrancetoSanFranciscoBay.Thisspectacularlandmark,mainly2.________(design)byCharlesEllis,measures1.7miles(2.7km)long.Itis3.________(know)asasymbolofSanFrancisco.Thebridge,4._________(attract)touristsfromaroundtheworld,isvisitedbyabout9millionpeopleyearly.,built,known,designed,attracting,ThedesignershadtheGoldenGateBridge5.________(paint)inabrightred-orangecolourcalled“InternationalOrange”.Thebrightcolourcanbeseenevenindensefog.Theobservationarea,6.________(locate)atthenorthernendofthebridge,offersan7.________(amaze)viewofSanFrancisco,Alcatraz,theEastBay,AngelIslandandthePacificOcean.,painted,located,amazing,Theferryboats,still8.________(use)today,usedtobetheonlyway9.________(cross)theopeningofthebayintheearly1900s.Now,theGoldenGateBridgeconnectsMarinonthenorthtoSanFranciscoonthesouth.Itsdesign,unchangedsinceitsopening,hasprovedtobestrongenoughtowithstandstorms,oceancurrentsandstrongearthquakes.,used,tocross,寫作,如何寫申請(qǐng)信,【寫作任務(wù)】假定你是李華，你從互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上得知一個(gè)國(guó)際中學(xué)生組織將在加拿大舉辦夏令營(yíng)，歡迎各國(guó)中學(xué)生參加。請(qǐng)寫一封電子郵件申請(qǐng)參加。內(nèi)容主要包括：1.自我介紹；2.參加意圖；3.希望獲準(zhǔn)。,注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫；3.開頭和結(jié)尾已為你寫好，但不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。DearSirorMadam,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Regards,LiHua,【寫作指導(dǎo)】一、審題定調(diào)本寫作任務(wù)要求寫一封申請(qǐng)信。它是個(gè)人、單位、集體向組織、領(lǐng)導(dǎo)提出請(qǐng)求，要求批準(zhǔn)或幫助解決問(wèn)題的專用書信，故語(yǔ)言要求正式、禮貌。寫申請(qǐng)信時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)以一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)為主，人稱以第一人稱為主。,二、謀篇布局申請(qǐng)信的格式和普通信件一樣，通常包括以下幾個(gè)部分：信頭、稱呼、正文、結(jié)束語(yǔ)和簽名。其中信頭部分為寫信人地址和寫信日期，考試中常被省略。本寫作任務(wù)中稱呼、結(jié)束語(yǔ)和簽名已給出，所以我們只需寫出正文部分。該申請(qǐng)信的正文可分為三部分：第一部分：引入話題（說(shuō)明信息來(lái)源，表明寫信目的）；第二部分：說(shuō)明申請(qǐng)理由（包括自我介紹和參加意圖）；第三部分：總結(jié)全文（表達(dá)希望或請(qǐng)求，表示感謝并期盼回復(fù)）。,三、組織語(yǔ)言1.第一部分：引入話題。,2.第二部分：說(shuō)明申請(qǐng)理由。,3.第三部分：總結(jié)全文。,【范文展示】?普通范文?DearSirorMadam,IlearnedfromtheInternetthatyoullholdasummercampinCanadaandImreallyinterestedinit.IknowthatyouwelestudentsfromdifferentcountriesandIdliketotakepartinit.Firstofall,asaChinesehighschoolstudent,IvebeenlearningEnglishfortenyears,andIcanspeakitfluently.Whatismore,Illbeable,totellstudentsfromothercountriesaboutChinaandlearnabouttheircountriesaswell.IhopeIwillbeacceptedasamemberofyoursummercampandImlookingforwardtoyourearlyreply!Regards,LiHua,?高級(jí)范文?DearSirorMadam,IreadtheannouncementofthesummercampthatyoupostedontheInternetandIhaveastrongdesiretoparticipateinit.IknowthatstudentsfromdifferentcountriesareweletoattendandImanxioustojoinin.Firstofall,havingbeenexposedtoEnglishfortenyearsinChina,IhaveagoodmandofbothspokenandwrittenEnglish.Whatismore,Illbeabletoshareinformationandexchange,ideaswithstudentsfromothercountries,whichwillbroadenmyhorizongreatly.Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldtakemyapplicationintoconsiderationandpleasereplyatyourearliestconvenience.Regards,LiHua,I.用括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式填空。1.Aftersuchalongillness,herdeathcameasa(n)________(mercy)release.2.Consideringtheinjurieshe’shad,therecanbelittle____________(expect)ofhimwinningtherace.3.Mysecretarywillcallyoutoarrangea(n)___________(convenience)timetomeet.,merciful,convenient,鞏固練習(xí),expectation,4.Theschoolboysaremore________(caution)nottomakeanymistakesinspellingthaneverbefore.5.We’vealwaysregardedhimasamanofhighprofessional____________(petent).,petence,cautious,II.用方框內(nèi)合適單詞并用其正確形式填空。,abruptassociatebearcurrentseizefilestabletap,1.Afterseveralpart-timejobs,he’snowgota(n)________jobinabank.2.Lettersofplaintare________under“problems”bythesecretary.3.Ourconversationcametoa(n)________endwhenGeorgeburstintotheroom.,stable,filed,abrupt,4.Mostpeopleimmediately________addictionswithdrugs,alcoholandcigarettesnowadays.5.Inthe________economicsituation,switchingcareersmaynotbesuchagoodidea.6.Shegavethelidafewgentle________toloosenit.7.Troopsyesterday________controlofthebroadcastingstation.8.Fareshavegoneup,perhapstomorethanthemarketwill________.,abruptassociatebearcurrentseizefilestabletap,bear,associate,current,taps,seized,III.用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空。1.Thefiveofthemwerestill__________(exhaust)fromtheir36-hourtrainride.2.Withallhiswork________(do),Johnwenttothepubtorelax.3.It’sso___________(frustrate)whenyou’reinahurryandthetrafficisn’tmoving.4.Thecouple________(catch)intherainstormcamehomepletelywet.,exhausted,done,frustrating,caught,5.Peterwantstohavehiseyes_________(examine)tomorrow,forhecan’tseeclearlywhattheteacherswriteontheblackboard.6.Walkingintotheroom,hewassurprisedtoseeJulia________(wait)atthetable.7.Igotverydrunkattheparty,andIfeelreally____________(embarrass)aboutit.8.TheSmithswerefound________(trap)intheirfloodedbasement.,examined,waiting,embarrassed,trapped,Ⅳ.閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。,BostonDynamics,1.________hasbeenownedbyGooglesince2013,beganatMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology,whereMarcRaibert,itspresidentandprojectmanager,andotherscientistssetout2.__________(develop)robotsthatmovedlikeanimals.Foundedin1992,thepanynotonlydesignssomeof3.________most,the,which,todevelop,advancedrobotsintheworldbutalsobuildsthemandfieldteststhem.Manyoftheir4.________(project)havebeenfinancedbythemilitary.TheLS3forexampleisafour-leggedrobotcapable(有能力的)ofwalkingbehindasoldierwhile5.________(carry)400poundsofequipmentonitsback.Sensors(傳感器)allowittofollowits6.________(lead)whereverheorshegoes,sothere’snoneedforadriver.Anotherrobot,theCheetah,,leader,projects,carrying,isthe7.________(fast)four-leggedrobotintheworld,capableofrunningat29mph.Itslatestrobot,however,isdesignedtobe8._________(practice)aroundthehome.Weighinginat65pounds,SpotMiniisaroboticdogsmallenoughtogetundertablesandmovearoundchairsandotherobjects.Itcanwork9.________90minutesbetweencharges,easilyclimbupanddownthestairs,for,fastest,practical,andevengetupifitfallsover.Thedaywhenrobotswillbe10.________(merry)doingallourhouseworkforusseemstobegettingcloser.,merrily,