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綜合過關(guān)檢測(三) (時間： 100分鐘　滿分： 120分) 第Ⅰ卷 第一部分　閱讀理解 [共兩節(jié)，滿分40分] 第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分) 閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項。 A (2016吉林實驗中學(xué)高三模擬)Getting rid of dirt, in the opinion of most people, is a good thing. However, there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt. In the early 16th century, people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease, as a medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in. A particular danger was thought to lie in public baths. By 1538, the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom. So did the king of England in 1546. Thus began a long time when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirt in a friendly way. Henry Ⅳ， King of France, was famously dirty. Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath, the king ordered that, to avoid the attack of disease, the nobleman should go out. Though the belief in the merit of dirt was longlived, dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18th century. Scientifically speaking, cleaning away dirt is good to health. Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease. Yet, it seems that standards of cleanliness have moved beyond science since World War Ⅱ. Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea: clothes need to be whiter than white, cloths ever softer, surfaces to shine. Has the hate for dirt, however, gone too far? Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays. Many firsttime parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt, which might be responsible for the spread of disease. On the contrary, Mary Ruebush, an American immunologist(免疫學(xué)家), encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system. And the latter position is gaining some ground. 【文章大意】　本文主要講述的是在歷史的發(fā)展過程中，人們對于dirt的看法在不停地發(fā)生著變化。 1．The kings of France and England in the 16th century closed bath houses because ． A．they lived healthily in a dirty environment B．they thought bath houses were too dirty to stay in C．they believed disease could be spread in public baths D．they considered bathing as the cause of skin disease C　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的as a medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in. A particular danger was thought to lie in public baths.可知，他們認(rèn)為在公共浴室里是可以傳染疾病的，所以才下令關(guān)閉浴室。故C項正確。 2．Which of the following can best describe Henry Ⅳ’s attitude to bathing? A．Uninterested.　　　　 B．Curious. C．Approving. D．Afraid. D　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的Henry Ⅳ，King of France，was famously dirty. Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath，the king ordered that，to avoid the attack of disease，the nobleman should go out. 可知他很害怕疾病的傳播，所以才把這位貴族驅(qū)逐出去，故D項正確。 3．What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage? A．To stress the role of dirt. B．To introduce the history of dirt. C．To present the change of views on dirt. D．To call attention to the danger of dirt. C　解析：主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章主題段第一段Getting rid of dirt，in the opinion of most people，is a good thing. However，there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt. 和最后一段Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays. Many firsttime parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt，which might be responsible for the spread of disease.可知，人們對于dirt的看法是在不停地發(fā)生變化的，故C項正確。 B (2016江西師大附中高三檢測)I am a strong believer that if a child is raised with approval, he learns to love himself and will be successful in his own way. Several weeks ago, I was doing homework with my son in the third grade and he kept standing up from his chair to go over the math lines. I kept asking him to sit down, telling him that he should concentrate better. He sat but seconds later, as if he didn’t even notice he was doing it, he got up again. I was getting frustrated, but then it hit me. I started noticing his answers were much quicker and more accurate when he stood up. Could he be more absorbed while standing up? This made me start questioning myself and what I had been raised to believe. I was raised to believe that a quiet, calm child was a sure way to lead to success. This kind of child would have the willpower to study hard, get good grades and become someone important in life. Now those same people perhaps come to realize that their kids are born with their own sets of DNA and personality qualities, and all you can do is loving and accepting them. As parents, throughout their growing years and beyond that, we need to be our kids’ best cheerleaders, guiding them and helping them find their ways. I have stopped asking my son to sit down and concentrate. Obviously, he is concentrating just in his own way and not mine. We need to learn to accept our kids’ ways of doing things. Some way may have worked for me but doesn’t mean we need to carry it through generations. There is nothing sweeter than being personal and unique. It makes us free and happy and that’s just the way I want my kids to live their own life. 【文章大意】　作者發(fā)現(xiàn)兒子站起來思維更敏捷，回答問題更迅速準(zhǔn)確。所以作者的感受是：教育孩子時，要根據(jù)孩子自身的特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行教育，才能促成他們的成功。 4．Time and again the author got his son seated in order to make him ． A．keep attentive B．go polite C．stay relaxed D．work fast A　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“I kept asking him to sit down，telling him that he should concentrate better.”可知，作者這樣做的目的是讓兒子注意力更加集中。 5．The underlined word “it” (in the first paragraph) probably refers to ． A．his failure in keeping his son under control B．his son’s doing better while standing up C．his own experience as a school boy D．his disappointment with his active child B　解析：代詞指代題。根據(jù)第一段的倒數(shù)第二句“I started noticing his answers were much quicker and more accurate when he stood up.”可知，此處的it指代下文內(nèi)容，即當(dāng)他站起來做題時做得更快更準(zhǔn)確。 6．By this passage, the author attempts to tell other parents to ． A．correct their kids’ manners from the early ages B．guarantee their children’ s freedom at home C．develop a good relationship with their children D．respect and trust their kids’ ways of behavior D　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的最后一句“As parents... find their ways.”和最后一段中的“We need to learn to accept our kids’ ways of doing things.”可知，作者號召父母們要正確地引導(dǎo)和幫助孩子找到屬于他們自己的學(xué)習(xí)方法，并且尊重孩子的行為方式。 7．Which of the following would be the best title of the passage? A．Parental Help with Teens’ Study B．Adult Influence on Teens’ Growth C．Kids’ Success in Their Own Styles D．Friendship between Generations C　解析：標(biāo)題歸納題?？v觀全文可知，作者通過自己兒子的表現(xiàn)得出結(jié)論：要根據(jù)孩子自身的特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行教育，這樣才能促成他們的成功。故選C項。 C (2016山東莘縣高三質(zhì)檢)At 4：53 p．m. on January 12, United Nations’ aid worker Jens Kristensen was at his desk reading documents on the third floor of the Christopher Hotel, which served as UN headquarters in PortauPrince, when he felt a tremor. Four seconds later, the earthquake hit. “In a split second, I considered whether to run for the door or hide under my desk，”said Kristensen, 48.“The door was closed, and I thought that maybe it was too far and I would be caught under falling debris(碎片), so I hid under the table.” A bookshelf topped onto his desk, protecting him from being crushed by rubble and trapping him in a tiny pocket. “I was confined as if in a small coffin，” he said. It was so dark, and it didn’t matter if his eyes were open or closed. He used the light from his mobile phone to see the surroundings around him. He found, among other items, a jar of instant coffee. “I had no food or water, only the coffee to suck on if I needed it.” At about 6：30 a．m. on January 17, an oil leak silenced the building’s generators, and Kristensen was able to hear muffled voices above where he was buried.“I thought, I was too tired to bang and shout. But then I realized, I had to take every chance. This could be one.” So he called out. Six hours later, Kristensen saw his rescuers’ faces.“It was so amazing. I felt I had received a second birthday，”he recalled. Dehydration and pains but with only a bruise and a scratch, Kristensen took three days to recover. The UN lost more than 90 people in Haiti. But Kristensen said that the outpouring of love helped heal the pain：“The genuine happiness of people toward me here has been wonderful. You feel part of a larger family.” 【文章大意】　本文講述了Jens Kristensen經(jīng)歷地震的全過程。這篇文章告訴我們：大家庭的溫暖能幫助人們更好地恢復(fù)。 8．When the earthquake struck, Jens Kristensen decided to . A．read documents in the office B．stay under the desk C．run out of the room quickly D．catch the falling debris B　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“The door was closed，and I thought that maybe it was too far and I would be caught under falling debris(碎片)，so I hid under the table.”可知，Kristensen最后決定躲在桌子下面。 9．What protected Jens Kristensen from being injured by falling rubble? A．The bookshelf. B．The desk. C．The door. D．The pocket. A　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“A bookshelf topped onto his desk，protecting him from being crushed by rubble and trapping him in a tiny pocket.”可知，書架保護(hù)了他。 10．When Jens Kristensen heard the voices, he came to know that . A．he couldn’t have the chance to survive the earthquake B．his parents arrived here to save him at once C．he was able to ask for help from rescuers D．he was so tired and he couldn’t say anything at all C　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段中的“But then I realized，I had to take every chance. This could be one.”可知，當(dāng)聽到有聲音時，他意識到要抓住這個獲救的機(jī)會。 11．Which of the following would be the best title for this passage? A．The Rescuer’s Day B．An Aid Worker’s Life C．A Dangerous Adventure D．Kristensen’s Experience in an Earthquake D　解析：標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)全文的內(nèi)容可知，文章描述了Jens Kristensen經(jīng)歷地震的全過程，故D項能很好地概括文章的主旨。 D (2016福建高三模擬)No one would much like the idea of eating 61 pounds of tomatoes a day. But if their goodness was put into an easytoswallow pill that you were told might prevent strokes(中風(fēng)) and heart attacks you would probably be putting in an order tomorrow. Researchers believe they may have come up with just that after trials. The daily pill contains a chemical called lycopene which makes tomatoes red and is known to break down fat in the vessels(血管). A Cambridge University study found taking the pills improved blood flow and the lining of vessels in patients with preexisting heart conditions. It also increased the flexibility(靈活性) of their vessels by 50 percent. The scientists believe it could limit the damage caused by heart disease—responsible for 180, 000 deaths a year—and help cut the 49, 000 deaths a year from strokes. They also hope it could benefit those with arthritis(關(guān)節(jié)炎), diabetes(糖尿病) and even slow the progress of cancer. Each pill is equal to eating around 61 pounds of ripe tomatoes. Studies have shown eating a Mediterraneanstyle diet rich in tomatoes, fish, vegetables, nuts and olive oil can significantly reduce cholesterol(膽固醇) and help prevent cardiovascular disease. Preliminary results from a twomonth trial, in which the pill was given to 36 heart disease patients and 36 healthy volunteers with an average age of 67, were presented at a meeting of the American Heart Association. It was shown to improve the function of the endothelium—the layer of cells lining blood vessels. It also improved their sensitivity to nitric oxide, the gas which causes the enlargement of the vessels in response to exercise. Ian Wilkinson, head of Cambridge University’s clinical trials unit, said, “These results are potentially very significant and it meets the goal, but we need more trials to see if they translate into fewer heart attacks and strokes.” Further studies are planned, with researchers hoping it could offer a choice for heart disease sufferers who can not take the cholesterollowing drugs. Mike Knapton, head of the British Heart Foundation, said, “Although this showed lycopene improved blood flow in people with heart disease, that’s a long way from demonstrating that taking it could improve outcomes for people with heart disease. The best way to get the benefits of a good diet is to eat plenty of fresh fruit and vegetables.” 【文章大意】　本文是一篇研究報告。 研究者研究出一種集中了西紅柿的有益成分的藥丸， 通過實驗證明這種藥丸能夠改善內(nèi)皮細(xì)胞的功能。 但這種藥丸能否預(yù)防中風(fēng)和心臟病還需進(jìn)一步的實驗。 12．What can we infer from Paragraph 1? A．We can eat too much tomato food. B．Tomatoes are helpful to strokes and heart attacks. C．Tomatoes will lose healthy elements if they are put into pills. D．We had better not eat tomatoes. B　解析：推理判斷題。 文章第一段第二句“But if their goodness was put into an easytoswallow pill that you were told might prevent strokes(中風(fēng)) and heart attacks you would probably be putting in an order tomorrow.”是解題關(guān)鍵， 此句中的their指代61磅西紅柿， 由此可推知， 西紅柿有助于預(yù)防中風(fēng)和心臟病。 故答案選B。 13．We can learn from the passage that the pills ． A．a(chǎn)re at the experiment stage B．can cure all the diseases C．a(chǎn)re widely used among patients D．cost patients so little money A　解析：推理判斷題。 通過文章倒數(shù)第三段中“but we need more trials to see if they translate into fewer heart attacks and strokes”和倒數(shù)第二段第一句中“Further studies are planned”可推知， 這種藥丸還處于試驗階段。 故答案選A。 14．Who were the volunteers by taking part in the trial? A．Children.　　　　　 B．Youth. C．Working people. D．Old healthy people. D　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。 根據(jù)文章第四段第一句“Preliminary results from a twomonth trial, in which the pill was given to 36 heart disease patients and 36 healthy volunteers with an average age of 67, were presented at a meeting of the American Heart Association.”可知， 參與試驗的志愿者中有一些是健康的老年人。 故答案選D。 15．What was Ian Wilkinson’s opinion on the trial? A．Disappointing. B．Surprising. C．Satisfactory. D．Terrible. C　解析：觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。 根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第三段Ian Wilkinson的評論中的“These results are potentially very significant and it meets the goal”可推知， Ian Wikinson對目前的試驗結(jié)果很滿意。 故答案選C。 第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分) 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。 (2016中原名校高三聯(lián)考)It is natural that young people are often uncomfortable when they are with their parents. 16． They often think that their parents are out of touch with modern ways, that they are too serious and too strict with their children, and that they seldom give their children a free hand. It is time that parents often find it difficult to win their children’s trust and they always forget how they themselves felt when young. 17． It is one of their ways to show that they have grown up and they can face any difficult situation. Adults worry more easily. Most of them plan things ahead. Young people make their parents angry with their choices in clothes, in entertainment and in music. But they do not mean to cause any trouble. It is just that they feel cut off from the adults’ world, and they have not yet been accepted into their world. 18. And if their parents do not like their music or entertainment or clothes or their way of speech, this will make the young people very happy. Sometimes you are so proud of yourself that you do not want your parents to say “yes” to what you do.19. It is natural enough, after being a child for so many years, when you were completely under your parents’ control. 20． If your parents see that you have a high sense of responsibility, they will give you the right to do what you want to do. A．They say that their parents don’t understand them. B．Young people like to live with their parents. C．All you want is to be left alone and do what you like. D．Young people like to act without much thinking. E．If you plan to control your life, you’d better win your parents. F．That’s why young people want to make a new culture of their own. G．Parents should understand young people. 答案：16～20.ADFCE 第二部分　英語知識運(yùn)用 [共兩節(jié)，滿分45分] 第一節(jié)　完形填空(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分) 閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。 (2016長春市普通高中高三質(zhì)檢)All you will leave behind for the world to remember is your legacy(遺產(chǎn)), but what legacy will you leave? I had a philosophy professor, whose untidy appearance was highlighted(突出) by a 21 sport coat and poorfitting thick glasses, which often 22 on the tip of his nose. Every now and then, as most philosophy professors did，he would go off on one of those hardtounderstand “what’s the meaning of 23 ” discussions. Many of those discussions went 24 ， but there were a few that really hit home(切中要害). This was one of them. “ 25 to the following questions by a 26 of hands，” my professor instructed. “How many of you can tell me something about your parents？” Everyone’s hands 27 ． “How many of you can tell me something about your grandparents？”About three fourths put up their hands. “How many of you can tell me something about your greatgrandparents？” Two out of sixty students 28 their hands. “Look around the room，” he said，“In just two short generations 29 any of us even know 30 our own greatgrandparents were. Oh sure, maybe we have an old photograph in a musty(發(fā)霉的) cigar box. 31 maybe we know the classic family 32 about how one of them walked five miles to school barefoot. But how many of us 33 know who they were, what ever they thought, what they took pride in, what they were afraid of, or what they dreamed about? Think about that. Within three generations our ancestors are all but forgotten. Will this 34 to you？” “Here’s a better question. Look 35 three generations. You are long 36 . Instead of you sitting in this room, now it’s your greatgrandchildren. What will they have to say 37 you? Will they know about you? Or will you be 38 ， too？” “Is your life going to be a 39 or an example? What legacy will you leave? The 40 is yours. Class dismissed.” Nobody rose from their seats for five minutes. 【文章大意】　作者講述了他的哲學(xué)教授給學(xué)生上的一堂令人深思的哲學(xué)課。 21．A.welldesigned　　　　 B．wellworn C．wellironed D．wellcut B　解析：他的不修邊幅突出表現(xiàn)在穿著一件“破舊的”運(yùn)動服，戴著非常不合適的厚眼鏡。wellworn“穿舊了的”。 22．A.ran B．stood C．rested D．lay C　解析：眼鏡經(jīng)?！皵R在”鼻尖上。rest意為“使支撐在，使擱在……”。 23．A.life B．family C．work D．study A　解析：由全文可知，此處是說開展關(guān)于“生命”的意義的討論。 24．A.somewhere B．a(chǎn)nywhere C．everywhere D．nowhere D　解析：很多這樣的討論最終都是“毫無結(jié)果”的。 25．A.Answer B．Respond C．Contribute D．Relate B　解析：教授要求學(xué)生舉手回答問題，respond to 意為“回答，響應(yīng)”，answer后面不需要用to，其他兩個選項意義不相符。 26．A.show B．clap C．touch D．rub A　解析：根據(jù)下文，老師希望學(xué)生舉手“show”回答老師提出的問題，而不是通過拍手“clap”回答問題。 27．A.went down B．went up C．went around D．went forward B　解析：每個人的手都舉了起來。go up“上升，提高”符合語境。 28．A.rose B．a(chǎn)rose C．raised D．a(chǎn)roused C　解析：rise“升起”，為不及物動詞；raise“舉起”，為及物動詞；arise“出現(xiàn)”；arouse“喚起”，raise 符合語境。 29．A.almost B．nearly C．no D．hardly D　解析：僅僅隔了兩代人，我們所有人都幾乎不知道我們的太祖父母是誰。hardly“幾乎不”。 30．A.what B．where C．which D．who D　解析：參考上一題解析。 31．A.Or B．And C．But D．So A　解析：根據(jù)上下文，對祖父母的了解僅限于一張發(fā)霉的照片或者是一個經(jīng)典的家人熟悉的故事。 32．A.history B．story C．tree D．song B　解析：根據(jù)下文可知，如何光著腳走五英里應(yīng)該是一個關(guān)于祖父母的故事。 33．A.simply B．roughly C．generally D．really D　解析：“但是我們中有多少人真的知道他們是誰……”根據(jù)句意應(yīng)選擇really。 34．A.happen B．belong C．refer D．pass A　解析：根據(jù)句意“這樣的事情會發(fā)生在你的身上嗎？”可知選A。happen to“發(fā)生”。 35．A.back B．a(chǎn)head C．for D．a(chǎn)round B　解析：根據(jù)下文，哲學(xué)老師讓大家想象三代后，大家的子孫想起自己時會說些什么，因此需要大家向前展望，因此選擇ahead。 36．A.ready B．a(chǎn)live C．gone D．lost C　解析：gone在此處作形容詞使用，表示“消失了，不見了”，這里指三代過后，人已經(jīng)不在了。 37．A.to B．for C．behind D．a(chǎn)bout D　解析：“關(guān)于你他們會說些什么？”根據(jù)句意，此處應(yīng)表示“關(guān)于”。 38．A.forgotten B．remembered C．respected D．scolded A　解析：根據(jù)上文“Within three generations our ancestors are all but forgotten.”的提示，此處應(yīng)為被人們忘記。 39．A.learning B．meaning C．warning D．turning C　解析：根據(jù)上下文，此處是說你的生活對后人來說是一個警醒還是一個榜樣。or連接意義相反的兩個詞，故此處應(yīng)該選擇warning，意思上與example相呼應(yīng)。 40．A.way B．reason C．explanation D．choice D　解析：根據(jù)上下文，此處的意思是“選擇權(quán)在你自己的手中”。 第Ⅱ卷 第二部分　英語知識運(yùn)用 [共兩節(jié)，滿分45分] 第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分) 閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 (2016湖南邵陽市石齊學(xué)校高三檢測)Ebooks are lighter and more convenient 41. (carry) than paper books，but there may be disadvantages compared with paper books. I received a Kindle ebook reader for my birthday, as I enjoy“l(fā)ight reading”. In addition to the science articles I have to read for work, I 42. (immediate) filled it with mysteries by my favorite authors. But I soon found that I had difficulty in 43. (remember) the names of characters from chapter to chapter. At first, I thought it was 44. I was getting older—but then I discovered that I didn’t have this problem 45. I read paper books. When I discussed this with my friends and colleagues, I found I wasn’t the only one 46. suffe