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gkxx精品課件,Unit 2 The Environment,Reading,gkxx精品課件,THE ENVIRONMENT,Reading,gkxx精品課件,The economy,Unit 2 Reading,or the environment,must we choose?,gkxx精品課件,Have you ever seen a debate or even taken part in a debate? Do you know something about debates?,gkxx精品課件,If you want to know more information on the problem, please read the text.,The economy or the environment— must we choose?,gkxx精品課件,Read the following debate quickly and answer the questions.,1. What side does Mr Lin Shuiqing and Mr Qian Liwei each represent?,Reading,Mr lin represents the society for Environment Preservation while Mr Qian an economist.,gkxx精品課件,2. By how many times has the world’s population increased since 1800? 3. According to Mr Qian Liwei, What should be done to factories that pollute the environment?,More than six times.,Those factories should have to pay higher taxes.,gkxx精品課件,1. What society does Lin Shuiqing belong to?,C1 How well did you understand the details of the debate? Read the debate again and answer the following questions.,Lin Shuiquing belongs to the society of Environment Preservation.,gkxx精品課件,2. What does Lin Shuiqing start his speech by talking about? 3. What is happening to large amounts of fish?,The way large areas of the world are damaged by industrial waste.,Large amounts of fish are being caught and they have no time to lay eggs.,gkxx精品課件,4. What does Lin Shuiqing think we should teach people about?,We should teach people about environmentally friendly ways of living.,gkxx精品課件,5. Why does Qian Liwei think production should not be cut back? 6. What does Qian Liwei say we should produce more of ?,Because it means that jobs will be lost and that people are more important than fish and trees.,More things from recycled materials.,gkxx精品課件,7. What does Qian Liwei say we need more of? 8. What does Qian Liwei say many people are willing to do?,More effective laws to preserve the environment, which still allow the economy to grow.,Many people are willing to pay slightly higher prices for things that are environmentally friendly.,gkxx精品課件,Read the debate and complete the following.,Cut back on production because industry produces waste, pollutes the environment.,A healthy environment and a stable economy should be possible at the same time.,gkxx精品課件,More people need more land to live on and more food to eat.,People are more important than fish and trees.,gkxx精品課件,Produce more things from recycling materials.,Expend our recycling industry.,gkxx精品課件,① Cut back on production, ② recycle rubbish, ③ teach people about environ- mentally friendly ways of living,① recycle rubbish, ② effective laws, ③ control how many trees are cut down and how many fish boats can catch ④ heavy taxes on the factories producing pollution.,gkxx精品課件,C2. Put the subjects each speaker talks about in the correct order.,Liu Shuiqing,6 1 4 3 2 5,Qian Liwei,5 3 1 2 4,gkxx精品課件,D. Look at these words from the debate and match them with their meanings.,1. voice 2. awful 3. wiped out 4. approaching,a. terrible, shocking b. coming near to, getting close to c. tell, express d. killed off,,,,,gkxx精品課件,5. cut back on 6. beneficial 7. obvious 8. stable,e. helpful, useful, favourable f. constant, steady g. reduce, make less h. easy to see or understand, clear, apparent,,,,,gkxx精品課件,Reading strategy: reading a debate,In a debate, one side gets the oppor- tunity to present their points first. The other side follows and presents theirs. In an actual debate, there is often a discussion after both sides have presented their views. Speakers in a debate will represent opposite views on the subject being discussed. You may,gkxx精品課件,find that you agree with some points made by one debater, and some points made by the other. This is fine. In fact, most people find themselves ‘in the middle’ on many difficult issues. While reading or listening to a debate, remember that each speaker’s speech is meant to convince you. If the,gkxx精品課件,speakers are good debaters, you will find yourself agreeing with both of them. Just keep in mind that you should not make a final decision until you have read or listened to both sides completely and understood all of the arguments made by each side.,gkxx精品課件,E. Fill in the blanks with words from the box.,industry population waste economy responsibility reduce recycled Earth pollution environment,My aim in life is to save the (1) ___________ for future generations. I want to become an environmentalist after I finish school.,environment,gkxx精品課件,Too many people think that (2) ________ cannot be stopped if we want the (3) _______ to continue developing. But that is ridiculous. We can (4) ______ dangerous and dirty(5) ______ from factories if we are smart about what we buy.,pollution,industry,reduce,waste,gkxx精品課件,I want to teach people to buy (6) _______ products. The production of recycled things is much better for the environment, because it means we do not need to cut down more trees and cause the destruction of more forests.,recycled,gkxx精品課件,The (7) ________ will still grow, but Earth will not have to suffer. We should also pay attention to what we eat. People should take (8) ____________ for not buying certain kinds of fish, because there are not many left in the ocean.,economy,responsibility,gkxx精品課件,We also have a problem with (9) __________. The number of people in the world keeps growing, and we are producing more rubbish, What if we run out of space? If we all work together, we can solve these problems and keep (10) _____ clean and healthy.,population,Earth,gkxx精品課件,Which of the following is NOT mentioned in Lin Shuiqing’s speech? A. Industrial waste destroyed many places and killed many places and animals. B. Factories producing poisonous chemicals should close down. C. Fishes died because of more than one reasons. D. Polluted atmosphere can make human beings sick.,gkxx精品課件,What can be inferred from the speech? A. Though we caught large numbers of fish, they develop so quickly that we’// still have enough to eat. B. It’s likely that we’ll not have enough to eat if we keep producing people rapidly. C. Lin Shuiqing is for the idea of recycling, while Qian Liwei is against it. D. An economist is often seen as being against the environment.,gkxx精品課件,comment: N. [C or U] something that you say or write that expresses your opinion:評(píng)論，觀點(diǎn)。,我不希望聽到關(guān)于我新剪的發(fā)型的任何評(píng)論,謝謝！,I don't want any comments on/about my new haircut, thank you!,She was asked about the pay increase but made no comment (= did not give an opinion).,她被問及工資上漲的問題,但未發(fā)表任何觀點(diǎn)。,gkxx精品課件,V. [I or T] to make a comment: 評(píng)論。,comment:,媽媽總是對(duì)我的穿著品頭論足。,My mum always comments on what I'm wearing.,他評(píng)價(jià)說那兩篇文章非常相似。,He commented that the two essays were rather similar.,gkxx精品課件,voice: V. [T] to say what you think about a particular subject, especially to express a doubt, complaint, etc. that you have about it:評(píng)論。,我已在多種場合表示了對(duì)這個(gè)經(jīng)營計(jì)劃的反對(duì)。,I have on several occasions voiced my objections to the plan to management.,,gkxx精品課件,voice: N. [C] the sounds that are made when people speak or sing: 嗓音。,She has a loud/quiet/soft voice. She lowered her voice to a whisper. You'll have to raise your voice (= speak louder) if you want to be heard at the meeting. I've got a cold and I think I'm losing my voice (= becoming unable to speak).,gkxx精品課件,voice: [C often singular; U] (the right to) an expression of opinion: 觀點(diǎn)，想法。,Unfortunately a strike was the only way to make our voices heard. The committee represents the voice of the students. Developing countries are demanding a stronger voice (= right to express opinions) in the debate.,gkxx精品課件,voice: [S] an important quality or opinion which someone expresses, or the person who is able to express it: 發(fā)言能力，發(fā)言人,She just won't listen to the voice of reason. I wouldn't work for Peter if I were you - this is the voice of experience talking!,gkxx精品課件,the way large areas of the world are damaged by industrial waste. 在定語從句中如果先行詞是the way表方式在定語從句中做狀語時(shí)，定語從句that 或者in which 來引導(dǎo)，或者省略。,We often surprised at the way she manages to stay so calm. Judging from the way he was shouting, we thought he was badly hurt.,gkxx精品課件,高考鏈接,What surprised me was not what he said but _________ he said it. A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D. the way which,gkxx精品課件,waste,N. something that cannot be used any more and is thrown away: 垃圾，廢物,Industrial waste must be prevent from polluting our rivers. Where do you put your kitchen waste?,[S or U] an unnecessary or wrong use of money, substances, time, energy, abilities, etc:浪費(fèi),That meeting achieved absolutely nothing – it was a complete waste of time. She's been unemployed for two years and it's such a waste of her talents. My mother couldn't bear waste - she always made us eat everything on our plates.,gkxx精品課件,waste,V. [T] to use too much of something or use something badly when there is a limited amount of it:浪費(fèi),You waste a lot of water by having a bath instead of a shower. Come on, let's get started - we've wasted enough time already. Don't waste your money on me, love, keep it for yourself.,gkxx精品課件,in addition: adv.=besides It is used when you want to mention another person or thing after something else . Usually the phrase is followed by the preposition to.除此之外，而且 in addition to: prep =besides除此之外，而且,Do you play any other sports in addition to football and basketball? She won't mind your being late -in addition, it's hardly your fault. In addition to his flat in London, he has a villa in Italy and a castle in Scotland. jokes.,gkxx精品課件,wipe sth.out: to destroy something completely: 清除 wipe out :to lose control, especially in a vehicle, and have an accident: 失控（駕車）,Whole villages were wiped out in the fighting. One bad harvest could wipe out all of a grower's profits for the previous two years.,I was going too fast and I wiped out on the bend.,gkxx精品課件,wipe相關(guān)短語： wipe sth. off sth. to remove something from something: wipe sth. up to remove a substance, usually liquid, with a cloth or something similar:,All their customer information was wiped off the computer by a virus. 8 billion has been wiped off share prices worldwide,I was just wiping up the soup that you spilt in the kitchen. Have you got something I could wipe up this mess with?,gkxx精品課件,effect: It has also had harmful effect on the ecology of the area, killing many plants and animals.(P38) 污染對(duì)長江流域的生態(tài)也產(chǎn)生了有害的影響，大量的動(dòng)植物也因此遭到了滅頂之災(zāi)。,Last month, part of southeast Asia was struck by floods, from whose effects the people are still suffering.(05天津),gkxx精品課件,高考鏈接,The conference has been held to discuss the effects of tourism ________ the wildlife in the area. A. in B. on C. at D. with,gkxx精品課件,The worlds population has grown to more than six times what it was in 1800.(P22) 目前的世界人口與1800年相比已經(jīng)增長到那時(shí)的六倍多。,Pay attention to the following patterns: …times + as + adj./adv. + as +… …times + the comparative degree of adj./adv. +than +… …times + the +n. (width, size, length, breadth, level, value, velocity…)of+…,gkxx精品課件,Eg.,2. 亞洲是歐洲的四倍大。,⑴ Asia is four times as large as Europe. ⑵ Asia is four times larger than Europe. ⑶ Asia is four times the size of Europe.,gkxx精品課件,Eg.,1.這座新樓是那座舊樓的四倍大。,⑴ The new building is four times as high as the old one. ⑵ The new building is four times higher than the old one. ⑶ The new building is four times the size (the height) of the old one.,gkxx精品課件,Note: 倍數(shù)的基本表達(dá)都是以倍數(shù)打頭，但要注意不同倍數(shù)的不同表達(dá)方法： 兩倍要用twice或double，不用two times. 三倍常用three times,也可用thrice。 除整數(shù)倍以外，還有分?jǐn)?shù)倍，百分?jǐn)?shù)倍，幾倍多或不到幾倍等。如：六倍多（more than/over six times）, 一半（half）,三分之一 (one third),百分之六十（60%）等。 在the +n. + of結(jié)構(gòu)中 ： 要注意選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)拿~，常用的名詞有size/height/length/weight等。 the +n. + of 可轉(zhuǎn)換成one’s +n.或名詞性從句。如：the height of Mary=Mary’s height.,gkxx精品課件,高考鏈接,1． At a rough estimate, Nigeria is _________Great Britain. A. three times the size as B. the size three times of C. three times as the size of D. three times the size of 2． What a table! I’ve never seen such a thing before. It is ____it is long. A. half not as wide as B. wide not as half as C. not half as wide as D. as wide as not half 3. It is re ported that the United States uses _____ energy as the whole of Europe. A. as twice B. twice much C. twice much as D. twice as much,gkxx精品課件,高考鏈接,4. He did it ______ it took me. A. one-third a time B. one-third time C. the one-third time D. one-third the time 5. What a table ! I’ve never seen such a thing before .It is it is long. A．half not as wide as B．wide not as half as C．not half as wide as D．a(chǎn)s wide as not half 6. The house rent is expensive. I’ve got about half the space I had at home and I’m playing ________here. A. as three times much B. as much three times C. much as three times D. three times as much,gkxx精品課件,cut back/down on: vt.to do less of something or use something in smaller amounts:減少,縮減，削減,The government has announced plans to cut back on defence spending by 10% next year. I'm trying to cut down on caffeine 。,gkxx精品課件,gkxx精品課件,I was just talking to Jan, when Dave cut in (on us/our conversation). If this bill is not paid within five days, your gas supply will be cut off. She cut out his picture from the magazine. Many villages have been cut off by the heavy snow.,gkxx精品課件,1. He was in hospital for six months. He felt as if he was ______ from the outside world. A. cut out B. cut off C. cut up D. cut through 2. I was just talking to Margaret when Jackson ____________. A. cut in B. cut down C. cut out D. cut up,高考鏈接,gkxx精品課件,large amounts of poisonous chemicals the amount of thins we make and buy the amount of rubbish the amount of pollution amount N.[C] a collection or mass especially of something which cannot be counted: 總數(shù)，數(shù)量（常與不可數(shù)名詞連用。 the amount of: the total sum of a .amount of: a …quantity of,They didn't deliver the right amount of sand. Small amounts of land were used for keeping animals. He paid regular amounts of money to a charity. I didn't expect the bill to come to this amount (= of money). The new tax caused a huge amount of public anger. I had a certain amount of (= some) difficulty finding the house. You wouldn't believe the amount of trouble (= what a lot of trouble) I've had with this car.,gkxx精品課件,關(guān)于“許多”的用法見下表：,gkxx精品課件,1. The young dancers looked so charming in their beautiful clothes that we took _____pictures of them. A. many of B. masses of C. the number of D. a large amount of 2. As a result of destroying the forests, a large ______ of desert _______has covered the land. number; has B. quantity; has C. number; have D. quantity; have,高考鏈接,gkxx精品課件,concern: V. 1) [T] to be important to someone or to involve someone directly:與…有關(guān)，對(duì)…有重要性 Matters of pollution and the environment concern us all. What I have to say to Amy doesn't concern you. His resignation concerns them all. 2 )[T] FORMAL If a story, film or article concerns a particular subject, person, etc., it is about that person or subject: 涉及，關(guān)于 The film concerns a woman who goes to China as a missionary.,gkxx精品課件,3）[T] to become involved with something, or worried about something: 使操心，使不安 concern oneself about/for be concerned about/for Don't concern yourself. She'll be home soon. She concerns herself about her son’s future.= She is concerned about her son’s future. 4) [T] to cause anxiety to someone: The state of my father's health concerns us greatly. It concerns me that he hasn't been in contact.,concern: V.,gkxx精品課件,[C or U] a feeling of worry or nervousness, or something that worries you:擔(dān)心，掛念，關(guān)懷 Concern for the safety of the two missing teenagers is growing. There's a lot of public concern about/over dangerous toxins recently found in food. 2）[C or U] something that involves or affects you or is important to you:關(guān)心的事，重要事 My greatest concern is the economy of China. What were the major concerns of the writers from this period? I don't want to hear about it - it's no concern of mine! be of concern to be important: The results of the election are of concern to us all.,concern: N.,gkxx精品課件,3)[C] a company: 企業(yè)，公司，財(cái)團(tuán) a family concern It started slowly, but the company is now a going concern (= doing business),concern: N.,gkxx精品課件,concerned Adj. worried: 擔(dān)憂的 I'm a bit concerned about/for your health. Aren't you concerned (that) she might tell someone? He was concerned to hear that two of his trusted workers were leaving. Concerned parents have complained about the dangerous playground. 2) [after verb] involved in something or affected by it: 有關(guān)的，涉及的（置于名詞之后） I'd like to thank everyone concerned for making the occasion run so smoothly. It was quite a shock for all/everyone concerned. Her job is something concerned with computers. I'm not very good where money is concerned (= when dealing with money),gkxx精品課件,responsible Adj. be responsible for sth/doing sth 1）to be the person who caused something to happen, especially something bad: Who is responsible for this terrible mess? Last month's bad weather was responsible for the crop failure. 2）to have control and authority over something or someone and the duty of taking care of it or them: Paul is directly responsible for the efficient running of the office. Her department is responsible for overseeing the councils. be responsible to sb/sth to be controlled by someone or something: In Australia, the Prime Minister and the Cabinet of Ministers are responsible to the House of Representatives responsibly Adv. When he saw the crash, the young boy acted very responsibly and called the police.,gkxx精品課件,responsibilities: N. [U] 責(zé)任 Terrorists have claimed responsibility for (= stated that they caused) yesterday's bomb attack. The minister took/accepted full responsibility for (= admitted that he was to blame for) the disaster and resigned. [C or U] something that it is your job or duty to deal with: 工作，義務(wù)。 It's her responsibility to ensure the project finishes on time. She takes her responsibilities as a nurse very seriously. [C or U] have responsibility to be in a position of authority over someone and to have a duty to make certain that particular things are done:負(fù)責(zé) Who has responsibility here? Jenny, you have responsibility for clearing up the room after the class.,gkxx精品課件,accept/assume/shoulder/take on responsibility for 為…負(fù)責(zé) escape/avoid responsibility 回避責(zé)任 throw responsibility on 把責(zé)任推給 have a responsibility to sb 對(duì)……負(fù)有責(zé)任 act/do sth on your own responsibility 對(duì)自己的行為負(fù)責(zé),gkxx精品課件,But I do agree that recycling may be the key to helping both sides.(23)但有一點(diǎn)我非常贊同：循環(huán)利用或許是對(duì)兩者都有利的關(guān)鍵。 do auxiliary verb [+ infinitive without to] used to give extra force to the main verb:對(duì)動(dòng)詞進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)，過去時(shí)為did。 Do shut up, Georgia, and get on with your homework. Do write and let me know how you're getting on. “Can I buy stamps here?“ “Well, we do sell them, but we haven't got any at the moment.“ Cars do cause us some health problems ---in fact far more serious ones than mobile phones do. (05 江西),gkxx精品課件,2）key N.the best or only way to achieve something: ……的關(guān)鍵 the key to sth. Hard work is the key to success. Adj. very important and having a lot of influence on other people or things:關(guān)鍵的，重要的。 She was a key figure in the international art world.,gkxx精品課件,---How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers? ---the key _________ the problem is to meet the demand ________ by the customers. A. to solving; making B. to solving; made C. to solve; making D. to solve; made,高考鏈接,gkxx精品課件,What if we run out of space?(P25) 1）what if used to ask about something that could happen in the future, especially something bad: What if the train's late? What if you don't pass your exams?,2）rut out to finish, use or sell all of something, so that there is none left:用光run out of sth. I've run out of milk/money/ideas/patience. If a supply of something runs out, all of it has been used or it is completely finished:被用光 The milk has run out. If a document or official agreement runs out, the period of time for which it lasts finishes:到期 My passport runs out next month - I must get it renewed,gkxx精品課件,gkxx精品課件,I ran