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1、Unit 2,The Olympic Games,知識清單,(一) 基本單詞 1. __________ adj. 古老的; 古代的 2. __________ n. 志愿者; 志愿兵 adj. 志愿的; 義務(wù)的 vt. 招待 n. 主人,ancient,volunteer,nowadays,host,單詞,5. __________ vt. 取代; 替換; 代替 6. _________ adj. 快的; 迅速的 7. _________ vt. 值得,swift,charge,fine,bargain,deserve,replace,

2、(二) 派生單詞 11. ____________ vi. 比賽; 競爭 → _____________ n. 比賽; 競爭 → _____________ adj. 競爭的 → _____________ n. 競爭者 12. _________ adj. 規(guī)則的; 定期的; 常規(guī)的→ __________ n. 規(guī)則; 制度 → __________ vt. 管制,pete,petition,petivite,petitor,regular,regulation,regulate,13. ___________ vt. 登廣告 → ______________ n. 廣告,admit,a

3、dmission,advertise,advertisement,1. 參加; 參與 2. 代表; 象征; 表示 3. 也; 又; 還 4. 主管; 看管 5. 陸續(xù)地; 一個接一個地 6. 每四年 7. 聽說 8. 撿起,take part in,stand for,as well,in charge,one after another,every four years,hear of,pick up,短語,No other countries could join in, nor could slaves or women!,句式,核心要點,1. pete vi. 比賽; 競爭

4、How many countries peted in the ancient Olympic Games? （課文原句） 有多少個國家參加古代奧林匹克運動會比賽？,單詞,【歸納】 pete in 參加……比賽 pete against/with 與......比賽 pete for 為爭取/得到......而比賽/競爭 petition n. 比賽 petitive adj. 有競爭力的 petitor n. 比賽者; 對手,2. admit vt. 容納 Only athletes who have reached the agreed standard for their even

5、t will be admitted as petitors. （課文原句） 只有達到他們各自項目統(tǒng)一標準的運動員才會被接受參加奧運會。,【歸納】 admit ... as ... 接納...…作為...… admit sth./ doing sth. 承認某事/做某事 admit ＋ that 從句 承認...… admit ＋ n. ＋ to be 承認......是...… admit of 容許; 有…...可能 admit sb./sth. into/to 允許某人/某物進入/錄用某人,3. replace v. 取代; 替換; 代替 So even the olive wrea

6、th has been replaced!（課文原句） 就連橄欖枝花環(huán)也被取代了！,【歸納】 replace sb./sth.with ... 用…...替換/取代某人/物 take the place of 代替…... take one’s place 代替；取代 in place of 代替…...,4. charge vt. 主管 duty to be in charge and get in trouble if things go wrong （課文原句） 如果事情出錯了，有義務(wù)負責。,【歸納】 charge sb. for 為......向某人收取費用 charge sb.

7、 with (doing) sth. = accuse sb. of 控告某人(做)某事 take charge of 掌管/負責…... in charge of 控制/管理…... in/under the charge of 受…...的管理 free of charge 免費,charge sb. to do 責令某人做某事 charge sb. with doing 指責某人做某事 試比較: I charged her to take the chair. 我責令她拿走這把椅子。 I charged her with taking the chair. 我指責她拿走了這把椅子。,5

8、. advertise vt. 講條件 n. 便宜貨; 協(xié)議; 交易 Her father said that she must marry, so Atlanta made a bargain with him. （課文原句） 她的父親說她必須結(jié)婚，于是亞特蘭大就和她的父親達成了一個協(xié)議。,【歸納】 bargain with sb. about ... 與某人就...…講價 make a bargain with ... 和…...做交易/和某人成交/達成協(xié)議 a real bargain 真正的便宜貨 a bad bargain 一筆不合算的交易 at a bargain 很

9、便宜地,7. deserve vt. 值得 Do you think Hippomenes deserved to win the race? （課文原句） 你認為希波墨涅斯值得贏得比賽嗎？,【歸納】 deserve to do 應(yīng)該 deserve doing/to be done 應(yīng)受; 值得 deserve sth. 應(yīng)得; 值得,deserve 后常跟不定式, 也可跟表示被動意義的名詞。 e.g. He deserves to succeed. The old man deserves looking after. deserve后可跟名詞, 但中間不加介詞of

10、。 e.g. He deserves a reward. deserving現(xiàn)在分詞作形容詞時, 后面必須要跟介詞of。 e.g. He is deserving of a reward.,deserve后可跟that從句, 從句中用should。 e.g. Does he deserve that you should treat him like this? 他值得你那樣對他嗎?,【提示】 deserve 后接動名詞的主動形式表示被動意義, 相當于不定式的被動形式; 有同樣用法的動詞還有: need, want, require。,1. take part in 參加; 參與 W

11、ho could not take part in the ancient Olympic Games? （課文原句） 誰不會參加古代奧林匹克運動會？,短語,【辨析】 attend / join (in) / participate / take part in attend 側(cè)重參加/出席會議或?qū)W術(shù)活動等。 join 加入黨派/團體或游戲活動等。加入黨派團體, join是及物動詞; 加入游戲活動, join是不及物動詞, 用 join in 加賓語形式。,participate正式用詞, 指參加團體活動, 暗示以一個積極的角色參加, 常與介詞 in連用。 take part in側(cè)重參加某

12、項群眾性/集體性的事業(yè)/工作或活動, 突出參加者在其中發(fā)揮一定的作用。,【即時應(yīng)用】 用 attend/take part in/join (in)/participate 的適當形式填空。 1) Will you __________________ the English evening? 2) All the students ______________ ______________ the thorough cleaning party.,take part in / join in,took part in /,participated in,3) May I _________

13、 the game? 4) Would you ______ me in a walk? 5) Our teacher __________ the meeting yesterday.,join in,join,attended,2. stand for 代表; 象征; 表示; 忍受 What do the five rings on the Olympic flag stand for? （課文原句）,【拓展】 can’t stand (for) sth. / doing sth. 不能忍受(做)某事 stand by 站在旁邊; 袖手旁觀; 支持 stand out 顯著; 突出,3

14、. as well 也; 又; 同樣地 For each Olympics, a special village is built for them to live in, a main reception building, several stadiums for petitions, and a gymnasium as well. （課文原句） 每屆奧運會都有一個特殊的村莊（奧運村）供參賽的人住，一個主要的接待大樓，好幾個供比賽用的體育場，還有一個室內(nèi)體育館。,常放在句末。 【拓展】 as well as 意為“和……一樣，既……又……”。表示“既……又……”時，可連接兩個并列成分

15、。如果連接并列主語，謂語要與前面的主語在數(shù)的方面保持一致。 may /might as well 不妨……，還是……的好，常用于委婉地提出建議。,選詞填空。as well as, may as well, as well ① Often life is much slower outside the big cities, as is true in other countries ________. ② We expect you to do the housework __________ looking after the children. ③ Since it is raining

16、 hard, you ___________ stay here.,as well,as well as,may as well,4. as ... as ... 像 …… 一樣；正如 There’s as much petition among countries to host the Olympics as to win Olympic medals. （課文原句） 國與國之間爭取奧運會承辦權(quán)的競爭就跟爭奪奧運獎牌一樣的激烈。,結(jié)構(gòu)特點: 第一個as為副詞, 修飾形容詞或副詞的原級; 第二個as可為連詞, 引導(dǎo)狀語從句, 也可是介詞, 其后加名詞或代詞。 否定式: not as/s

17、o ... as ... 不如 表達倍數(shù)關(guān)系句型時為: X times as ... as ...; (兩倍用twice 或double ) 涉及具體數(shù)量: as much ＋ 不可數(shù)名詞＋ as ... / as many ＋ 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) ＋ as ...,5. one after another 陸續(xù)地; 一個接一個 He threw the golden apples on after another. （課文原句） 他一個接一個地扔了金蘋果。,【拓展】 one after the other = one after another 陸續(xù)地 one another (兩者或多者之間

18、)相互; 彼此 one by one 一個一個地; 依次地,No other countries could join in, nor could slaves or women! 別的國家不能參加, 奴隸和婦女也不能參加。 nor 或 neither 位于句首時, 常引導(dǎo)一個倒裝句, 表示前一句所述的事也適應(yīng)后一句, 即后者“也不…...”。,句式,在肯定句中則使用so引導(dǎo)倒裝句, 表示前面的人/事的情況也適用于另一人或物, 意為“…...也”。這種句型要求在時態(tài)和動詞形式上和前一句保持一致。,【提示】 so 在句首, 但不倒裝, 此時意為“確實, 的確”, 表示贊同前面的話。 — John

19、 did well in the physics exam. — 約翰這次物理考試考得很好。 — So he did. — 他確實考得不錯。,當前面既有肯定又有否定，或有兩個謂語，或當對話中既有系動詞又有實意動詞的時候，只能用 so it is /was with sb. (也可以用 it is the same with sb.)。 e.g. He likes apples and he doesn’t go to school by bus. So it is with her. (或 It is the same with her.),【語境展示】 觀察下列句子。 1. We s

20、hall (not) be punished if we break the rules. 2. Shall / Will we be asked to attend the meeting tomorrow? 3. Mr. Brown’s new novel won’t be published next month. 4. Will a new teaching building be built in our school next year?,一般將來時的被動語態(tài),語法,5. A new hospital is going to be built in our city next ye

21、ar. 6. Are you / Am I going to be invited to the party 7. The form is to be filled in within two days. 8. Are you / Am I not to be sent to London?,【自我歸納】 一般將來時被動語態(tài)的謂語主要有三種形 式： ① shall / will（shall主要用于第一人稱，will可用于各種人稱）+ be + 及物動詞的過去分詞（句1-句4）； ② am / is / are + going to + ______+及物動詞的過去分詞（句5和句6）； ③ am

22、 / is / are + ______ +及物動詞的過去分詞（句7和句8）。,be,to be,一般將來時被動語態(tài)的否定形式是在shall / will, am / is / are后加not（句1、3和8）； 一般疑問句形式是將shall / will或am / is / are提前至句首（句2、6和8）。 【注意】 在時間、條件狀語從句中，通常要用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)代替一般將來時的被動語態(tài)。如： If more time is given to me, the problem will be worked out.,【即學(xué)即練】I. 將句子變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)。 1. They will se

23、nd David to school on Wednesday. ____________________________________ 2. People speak English all over the world. ____________________________________ 3. If it doesnt rain tomorrow, our school will hold the sports meet. ____________________________________ ____________________________________,D

24、avid will be sent to school on Wednesday. English is spoken all over the world. If it doesnt rain tomorrow, the sports meet will be held.,4. We wont select Mike as the team leader. ___________________________________ 5. Will his mother give him an expensive present? ______________________________

25、_____ ___________________________________ ___________________________________,Mike wont be selected as the team leader. Will he be given an expensive present by his mother? / Will an expensive present be given to him by his mother?,II. 用括號內(nèi)動詞的正確形式填空。 1. We dont need to bring our paper. We ________

26、____ (give) paper by the teacher tomorrow. 2. You will have a grammar test. A pencil must ________ (use) for this test because it ____________ (score) by machine. 3. Five people ____________ (rescue) by the fire department in yesterdays fire.,will be given,be used,were rescued,will be scored,4. The

27、names of the winners _____________ (print) in tomorrows newspaper. 5. He ____________ (consider) to be the best British athlete at the present time. 6. When the car factory ____________ (plete), it will bring more jobs to our city. 7. This question ______________ (discuss) at the meeting tomorrow.,w

28、ill be printed,is considered,is pleted,will be discussed,III. 補全下面短文。 My brothers car 1. ________ (hit) by another car last week. After the police officer arrived, both drivers 2. __________ (give) tickets for not stopping at a stop sign. As the car couldnt 3. ________ (drive), my brother sent it t

29、o a repair shop after the accident.,was hit,were given,be driven,Unfortunately, the mechanic doesnt have the parts he needs to fix the car and the car 4. _______________ (not, repair) until next week. Luckily, my brother has good insurance (保險). He wont have to pay much. The repair shop 5. _________

30、_ (pay) by the insurance pany. My brother is borrowing my car until his car 6. _________ (repair).,wont be repaired,will be paid,is repaired,Ⅳ. 完成句子。 1. The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts ______________ (reward) with success in the end.(2016, 北京) 【解析】學(xué)生們一直都很努力學(xué)

31、習(xí)功課，最終回報他們努力的將是成功。一般將來時，their efforts 與reward構(gòu)成被動。,will be rewarded,2. More efforts, as reported, ___________ (make) in the years ahead to accelerate the supply-side structural reform. (2016, 江蘇) 【解析】據(jù)報道，為了加速供給側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)改 革，在今后幾年將做出更大的努力。in the years ahead可知動作發(fā)生在將來，more efforts與make為被動關(guān)系。,will be made,3

32、. It is reported that a space station __________ (build) on the moon in years to e. (2016, 江蘇) 【解析】據(jù)報道，一個太空站在未來幾年將會在月球上被建立。in years to e及space station與build間為被動且用將來時 態(tài)。,will be built,【寫作指導(dǎo)】 此類文章可包括以下四部分： 一：開門見山，指出最喜歡的一項運動； 二：說明喜歡這一運動的理由； 三：介紹現(xiàn)在參加這項運動的基本情況； 四：最喜歡的運動員及自己的夢想。,寫作,如何描寫最喜歡的一項運動,【常用表達】 1

33、. 開頭 Of all the sports, I like ... best. ... is my favorite sport. People all over the world like ... If you ask me which sport I like best, ... Do you like sports? Which sport do you like best? Do you want to know which sport I like best? How much do you know about ...?,2. 正文 喜歡該運動的原因： I like ... b

34、ecause ... The reason why I like ... is that ... Most people like ... because ... My favorite player / footballer / athlete is ... I like him / her because ... 喜歡上該運動的時間： When I was ... years old, ... At the age of ..., I showed great interest in ...,I became interested in ... when I was ... I first

35、 learned to ... at the age of ... 如何從事該運動： I often practise it ... Whenever I have time, ... Apart from ..., I ... every weekend.,3. 結(jié)尾 I bee more and more ... by playing ... I hope in the future I can ... I really want to be a(n) ... when I grow up. 【寫作任務(wù)】 某英文報社以“My favorite sport”為題進行征文活動，請你用英語寫一篇

36、短文，介紹自己最喜歡的一項運動。 注意：詞數(shù)120左右。,【參考范文】My favourite sport Of all the sports, I like playing football best. My father is a football fan. Under his influence, I began to show interest in it when I was only four years old. Now I am a member of the school football team, in which I play as a forward as wel

37、l as being captain. We often practise it together.,I play football with my friends every weekend after finishing my homework. It is very interesting. My favorite player is Messi from Argentina. My greatest wish is to be a football super-star like him in the future, and I hope I can play football in

38、 the World Cup for my country when I grow up.,鞏固練習(xí),I. 用括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式填空。 1. I think getting a gold medal is the dream of every __________ (pete). 2. Her words had a(n) ________ (magic) effect on us. 3. Mary worked out ________ (regular) at the gym, lunched with friends, and enjoyed her time with her son

39、s. 4. Its her ___________ (responsible) to ensure the project finishes on time.,petitor,magical,regularly,responsibility,5. Now, I am back on my feet. I am ________ (physical) healthy again. 6. I kept on struggling forward, even though I knew it was ________ (hope). 7. I tried to ask a question, but

40、 just made myself look ________ (fool). 8. My feet were sometimes so ________ (pain) and swollen that I could not wear shoes.,physically,hopeless,foolish,painful,II. 用合適短語并用正確形式填空。 1. as well as, may as well, as well ①Often life is much slower outside the big cities, as is true in other countries __

41、______. ②We expect you to do the housework ________ looking after the children. ③Since it is raining hard, you __________ stay here.,as well,as well as,may as well,2. stand for, stand by, stand out ①How can you ________ and let him suffer like this? ②She has learned a kind of alphabet for the blind,

42、 in which different finger positions ________ different letters of the alphabet. ③The red houses in this seaside city ________ against the background of the green hills in the past.,stand by,stand for,stood out,3. one after another, one another ①Our family was always close, but we were never used to

43、 expressing our feelings to ___________. ②I went through the items on the list _______________.,one another,one after another,III. 把短文中的主動語態(tài)改成被動語態(tài)。 The government made an important decision last night. It will ban all cars from the center of the city as pollution is seriously affecting peoples heal

44、th. It will allow only bicycles and buses to enter the city center. It is making plans for a new environmental police force. After all, it must do something before its too late.,An important decision was made by the government last night. All cars will be banned from the center of the city as people

45、s health is being seriously affected by pollution. Only bicycles and buses will be allowed to enter the city center. Plans for a new environmental police force are being made. After all, something must be done before its too late.,Ⅳ. 閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 Sochi lies on the shore of the Bla

46、ck Sea near the Caucasus Mountains and 1. ________ (enjoy) some of Russias warmest weather, with hot summers 2. ________ mild winters as well. It is a popular holiday resort in Russia and its seafront is full 3. ________ restaurants, bars and cafs.,enjoys,and,of,In the hot summer months, although lo

47、ud music can be heard 4. ________ (e) from its many nightclubs until dawn, away from the seafront, visitors can enjoy quiet parks 5. ________ (fill) with cypress trees and magnolias. The city became well-known in 2014, 6. ________ athletes from all over the world headed for Sochi 7. __________,ing,f

48、illed,when,to pete,But the games ice skating took place in the neighboring town of Adler, 8. _______ a new stadium was built. The skiing and snowboarding took place in the nearby mountain village of Krasnaya Polyana. In 9. _______ future Sochi will be playing yet another very important role on the international scene when it will be 10. _______ of the host cities for the 2018 FIFA World Cup.,where,the,one,