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1、Unit1Alandofdiversity,知識歸納,1._______n.海峽2._______adj.北極的;北極區(qū)的3._________n.(政府的)部;(全體)牧師;牧師的職責(zé)4._________adj.天主教的n.天主教徒5._________adj.聯(lián)邦制的;聯(lián)邦政府的6.______n.鐵路;扶手;(護欄的)橫條7.___________n.百分比;百分率,strait,Arctic,ministry,Catholic,federal,rail,percentage,(一)基本單詞,知識清單,8._______n.(人口、貿(mào)易的)繁榮vi.處于經(jīng)濟迅速發(fā)展時期9.______

2、____n.飛行器;航空器;飛機10.________adj.人種的;種族的11.________n.橫渡;橫越;十字路口;人行橫道12.______n.方法,boom,aircraft,racial,crossing,vice,pole,occur,means,16._______vt.民間的,shave,tram,brake,conductor,slip,ferry,angle,civil,24._________n.權(quán)威;權(quán)力(pl.)當(dāng)局;官方25._________vt.表示悲痛,authority,reform,grasp,thankful,insert,hardship,hire

3、,nowhere,mourn,33.__________adj.清晰的;明顯的;明確的___________n.差別;區(qū)分;卓著34._______vt.選擇;決定做某事;選舉某人_________n.選舉;當(dāng)選;選舉權(quán)35.__________n.侄子;外甥________n.外甥女;侄女36._________n.社會主義者;社會黨人adj.社會主義的_________n.社會主義37.___________n.處罰;懲罰_______vt.懲罰;處罰,distinct,distinction,elect,election,nephew,niece,socialist,socialism,

4、punishment,punish,(二)派生單詞,38.__________n.申請人______v.申請;請求___________n.申請;申請書39._____________________customsn.customern.___________40.________vt.指出;標(biāo)示;表明;暗示__________n.表明;象征;指示;標(biāo)示41.__________adj.顯然的;表面上的;顯而易見的___________adv.顯而易見地;顯然地42.__________n.大多數(shù);大半(反義詞)_________n.少數(shù);少數(shù)民族,applicant,apply,applic

5、ation,海關(guān);關(guān)稅;進口稅,顧客,indicate,indication,apparent,apparently,majority,minority,1.____________繼續(xù)存在;繼續(xù)生存2.____________用的方法;借助3.______________大多數(shù)的4.______________對宣戰(zhàn)5.___________習(xí)慣新的生活方式、工作等6.__________堅持;維持;沿襲(風(fēng)俗、傳統(tǒng)等)7._________某事被提到;出現(xiàn)在頭腦中,liveon,bymeansof,themajorityof,declarewaron,makealife,keepup,oc

6、curto,(三)短語,8._____________背靠背9._____________與合作或一起工作10.____________標(biāo)出(界線);畫線11.____________申請;請示得到12.______________...對感到感激,backtoback,teamupwith,markout,applyfor,bethankfulfor,1.Thatiswhytodayover40%ofCaliforniansspeakSpanishasafirstorsecondlanguage.Thatswhy...那就是為什么(why從句表示結(jié)果),(四)句式,2.Itisbelieve

7、dthatbeforelongthemixofnationalitieswillbesogreatthattherewillbenodistinctmajorracialorculturalgroups,butsimplyamixtureofmanyracesandcultures.Itisbelievedthat...=Peoplebelievethat人們認(rèn)為,1.meansn.方法;手段(單復(fù)數(shù)同形)課文原句:ScientistsbelievethatthesesettlerscrossedtheBeringStraitintheArctictoAmericabymeansofaland

8、bridgewhichexistedinprehistorictimes.科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為這些遷居者通過一條史前時期曾經(jīng)存在的大陸橋穿越北極地區(qū)的白令海峽到達美洲。,核心要點,(一)單詞,【歸納】byallmeans可以,沒問題,當(dāng)然行bymeansof依靠辦法,借助手段bynomeans/notbyanymeans絕不,一點也不livebeyondonesmeans過著超過自己收入的生活livewithinonesmeans量入為出地生活,【運用】翻譯下列句子。1)他們依靠堅韌不拔而獲得成功。Theysucceededbymeansofperseverance.2)我們應(yīng)該想方設(shè)法提高生產(chǎn)率。W

9、eshouldbyallmeansraiseproductivity.3)這種游戲絕不會再發(fā)生了。Itisbynomeanscertainthatthegamewilltakeplace.,means/way/method/manner/approachmeans指為達到一個目的或產(chǎn)生某種結(jié)果而采用的方法、手段。way是最普通、最常用的詞,可以指一切“方法、辦法”。method是指理論的或系統(tǒng)的方法,有時是針對某個具體問題而采用的特殊方法,常與with連用。,manner指特殊的或怪異的方式、方法,與動作有關(guān)。approach常與to搭配,指從事某事的特別方法、途徑。,2.majorityn.

10、大半;大多數(shù),,課文原句:OfthefirstSpanishtogotoCalifornia,themajoritywerereligiousmen,whoseministrywastoteachtheCatholicreligiontothenatives.在首批移居加州的西班牙人中,大部分是宗教人士,他們的職責(zé)是向原居住人民傳授天主教。,【歸納】a/themajorityof大多數(shù),大半beinthe/amajority占大多數(shù)haveamajorityoversb.獲得多于某人的;戰(zhàn)勝某人【拓展】minorityn.少數(shù)intheminority占少數(shù)majoradj.主要的vi.專修;

11、主攻majorin主修,【運用】翻譯下列句子。1)他以71票的優(yōu)勢贏得了該席位。Hewontheseatwithamajorityof71votes.2)在英國,婦女占多數(shù)。InBritainwomenareinthemajority.3)大多數(shù)醫(yī)生認(rèn)為吸煙對健康極為有害。A/Themajorityofdoctorsagreethatsmokingisextremelyharmfultohealth.,majority,family,class,group,team,government,public,enemy,army,audience,mittee等集體名詞作主語時,若將其視作一個整體,

12、則謂語動詞用單數(shù);若強調(diào)各個成員,則謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。,溫馨提示,3.electvt.選擇;決定做某事;選舉某人,課文原句:BythetimeCaliforniaelectedtobeethethirty-firstfederalStateoftheUSAin1850,itwasalreadyamulticulturalsociety.到1850年加利福尼亞成為美國第31個州的時候,它已經(jīng)是一個有著多種文化的社會了。,【歸納】“選舉”時,常用結(jié)構(gòu)：electsb.tosth.;electsb.tobe/as(tobe/as后跟表示職務(wù)或頭銜的名詞,tobe/as可省略);“選擇/決定”時,常用于

13、electtodosth.結(jié)構(gòu)。【拓展】electionn.選舉;選擇;抉擇,4.occurvi.發(fā)生;出現(xiàn)課文原句:Yes.Itdidntoccurtomethat...是的,我沒想到,【歸納】sth.occurstosb.某事被某人想起itoccurstosb.that...某人想起itoccurstosb.todosth.某人想起做某事,【拓展】occurrencen.發(fā)生;出現(xiàn);(偶然)事件,表達“發(fā)生”之意時,occur與happen可以互換;另外occur,happen,takeplace,breakout等表示“發(fā)生;爆發(fā)”的單詞或短語都不能用于被動語態(tài)或進行時態(tài)。occur結(jié)構(gòu)

14、中主語不能是人,而是想到的事情或it作形式主語。,溫馨提示,5.indicate課文原句:Trytousetheexpressionsabovetoindicatethatyouarelisteningcarefullytoyourpartner.試著用上面的表達表明你在認(rèn)真聽同伴的講述。,【歸納】v.表明,顯示;象征,暗示;示意,間接提及;指示,指出;發(fā)出改變行車方向的信號e.g.Researchindicatesthatover91%ofworkersaresatisfiedwiththeirpay.Tobytookoutamapandindicatedthequickestrouteto

15、us.Whatmadeusangrywasthatthedriverindicatedleftbutturnedright.【拓展】indicationn.象征;顯示;標(biāo)示,6.hirevt./n.租用;雇傭課文原句:Teamedupwithacouplefrommyhotel(PeterandTerri)andhiredacar.同飯店里的一對夫妻作伴,一起租了一輛小汽車。,【歸納】hiresth.out(tosb.)把租出去onhire出租forhire可供出租,e.g.Letshireacarfortheweekend.我們租輛車過周末吧！Davidusedtohireouthiscar

16、sometimeswhenhedidntneedithimself.大衛(wèi)過去有時會在自己不用車的時候把車租出去。Therearemanyboatsforhirehere.這里有許多船出租,hire指按工作量或時間雇用人或租借東西,有“花錢使用某物”和“把某物使用權(quán)出讓給別人以收取費用”之意;多指臨時租用某物。如:hireaboat/acar/acamera等。employ多指商店或公司長期雇用人手,也可以解釋為“忙于,從事;采用”。常用于beemployedinsth./doingsth.短語中。rent一般指租借房屋、地產(chǎn)(租借出去),多用于長時間的租借。如:rentahouse/aflat

17、/aTV等。rent還可作名詞,意為“租金,租費”。,hire/employ/rent,【運用】用hire,employ和rent的適當(dāng)形式填空Ourhousehasbeen________byanewlymarriedcouple.Itsimportantto________properwordsinwritingapoem.We________adrivertotakeusonatourofthecity.,rented,employ,hired,,7.reformvt.悔改課文原句:In1940thecivilauthoritiesreformedthesystemsothatmanym

18、oreChinesepeoplewereabletograsptheopportunityofsettlingintheUSA.1940年民政部門改革了制度,使得更多的中國人能夠得到機會定居美國。【歸納】reformoneself改過自新,自我改造theopenandreformpolicy改革開放政策,1.liveon以為食,靠(錢)生活,繼續(xù)活著,繼續(xù)存在課文原句：Thecustomsandlanguagesoftheimmigrantsliveonintheirnewhome.這些移民的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣以及語言在他們的新家都得以延續(xù)。,(二)短語,【拓展】liveby按照(某一套信念或原則行事)

19、,靠為生livefor為而活liveoff依靠過活liveupto達到(某標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、高度等),符合,不辜負(他人的期望),2.bymeansof用辦法;借助【拓展】beyond/withinonesmeans超過某人經(jīng)濟條件/在某人承受能力之內(nèi)byallmeans盡一切辦法;一定;當(dāng)然可以byanymeans想一切辦法;一定要bysomemeans(orother)用某種辦法bynomeans/notbyanymeans絕不;一點也不,3.keepup保持;維持;沿襲(風(fēng)俗、傳統(tǒng)等)課文原句:In1911immigrantsfromDenmarkestablishedatownoftheirown

20、,whichtodaystillkeepsuptheirDanishculture.1911年,丹麥移民建立了自己的城鎮(zhèn),至今仍然保留著丹麥文化。,【拓展】keep(on)doingsth.繼續(xù)、重復(fù)做某事keepsth.up使某物保持在高水平keepsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事keepon繼續(xù)keeptosth.遵守,信守,【運用】觀察句子,寫出劃線部分的含義。Manypeoplekeepupthisoldtradition.()Thewetweatherwillkeepupforthreedays.()Thehighcostofbuildingmaterialskeeps

21、thehousepriceup.()Thehelpofherfriendskeptherup.(),沿襲,天氣持續(xù)不變,保持在高水平,使不倒下,4.backtobackadv.背靠背地back-to-backadj.緊接的;背靠著背的課文原句：Sitbacktobackwithyourpartnersoyoucantseeeachother.和你的同伴背靠背坐著,這樣你們就誰也看不到誰了。【拓展】facetofaceadv.面對面地face-to-faceadj.面對面的,5.teamupwith與合作或一起工作課文原句:Teamedupwithacouplefrommyhotel(Peter

22、andTerri)andhiredacar.同飯店里的一對夫妻作伴,一起租了一輛小汽車。【拓展】catchupwith趕上eupwith(問題等)提出,想出;趕上endupwith以告終,fedupwith受夠了,飽受;厭煩fillupwith用裝滿keepupwith跟上,趕上meetupwith偶遇putupwith容忍,忍受,6.applyfor申請;請示得到課文原句:From1882to1940AngelIslandwasafamousimmigrationstationwheremanyChinesepeopleappliedforrighttoliveinUSA.從1882年到19

23、40年,天使島成為一個著名的移民站,許多中國人在那兒申請美國居住權(quán)。,【運用】填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~。1)Illapply_____thejobtoday.2)Whatyousaiddoesntapply____me.,to,for,【拓展】applytosb.forsth.向某人申請某物applyto適用于apply...to...把應(yīng)用到applyoneselfto(doing)sth.專注于;專心做某事,1.Thatiswhytodayover40%ofCaliforniansspeakSpanishasafirstorsecondlanguage.why引導(dǎo)的為表語從句,注意句式區(qū)別：Thats

24、why...那就是為什么(why從句表示結(jié)果)Thatsbecause...那是因為(because從句表示原因),(三)句式,Thereasonwhy...is/wasthat...的原因是(表語從句常用that引導(dǎo),而不用because)。如：Thatswhyheisfondofswimming.那就是他喜歡游泳的原因。Markcamelateforthemeeting.Thatwasbecausehismotherwasill.邁克開會遲到了,那是因為他媽媽生病了。,Thereasonwhytheinjectionneedsrepeatingeveryyearisthatthevirus

25、oftenchanges.每年需要重新注射的原因是這種病毒經(jīng)常變化。,2.Itisbelievedthatbeforelongthemixofnationalitieswillbesogreatthattherewillbenodistinctmajorracialorculturalgroups,butsimplyamixtureofmanyracesandcultures.Itisbelievedthat...=Peoplebelievethat人們認(rèn)為,結(jié)構(gòu)分析:本句Itisbelievedthat...句型里that引導(dǎo)一個_______從句;該主語從句中又有so...that...句

26、型,that引導(dǎo)______狀語從句;該狀語從句的結(jié)構(gòu)是：therewillbeno...or...but...and...(將沒有或而是)。,結(jié)果,主語,同類句型：Itisthoughtthat...人們認(rèn)為Itissaidthat...據(jù)說Itisreportedthat...據(jù)報道Itishopedthat...希望Itisdecidedthat...茲決定Itissuggestedthat...有人建議,考點一:主語從句【考例】用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B接詞填空。1.________weunderstandthingshasalottodowithwhatwefeel.How。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)主語從句,且由

27、題意(我們?nèi)绾卫斫馐虑榕c我們所感受到的有很大關(guān)系)可知,設(shè)空處在從句中作方式狀語,故填How。,名詞性從句高考考點點撥,語法,2.________thedelayedflightwilltakeoffdependsmuchontheweather.When。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)主語從句,且由題意(延誤的航班何時將起飛取決于天氣)可知,設(shè)空處在從句中作時間狀語,故填When。3.Ithink________impressesmeabouthispaintingisthecoloursheuses.what。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)主語從句,并在從句中作主語,且由表語thecoloursheuses可知,設(shè)空處指物,故填

28、what。,4.Everyoneinthevillageisveryfriendly.Itdoesntmatter________youhavelivedthereforashortoralongtime.whether。It在此是形式主語,故設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)主語從句,且由forashortoralongtime可知,應(yīng)填whether。,考點二:賓語從句【考例】用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B接詞填空。1.Itrulybelieve________beautyesfromwithin.that。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)賓語從句，且從句結(jié)構(gòu)及意義均完整，故填that。,2.Ifyouswiminariverorlake,besuret

29、oinvestigate________isbelowthewatersurface.Oftentherearerocksorbrancheshiddeninthewater.what。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)賓語從句,在從句中作主語,且由Oftentherearerocks...inthewater可知,設(shè)空處指物,故填what。,3.Iwonder________Maryhaskeptherfigureafteralltheseyears.Byworkingouteveryday.how。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)賓語從句,且由Byworkingouteveryday可知,設(shè)空處表方式,故填how。4.Youhavet

30、oknow________youregoingifyouaretoplanthebestwayofgettingthere.where。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)賓語從句,且由planthebestwayofgettingthere可知,設(shè)空處表地點,故填where。,考點三:表語從句【考例】用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B接詞填空。1.Ashipinharborissafe,butthatsnot________shipsarebuiltfor.what。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)表語從句,且由shipsarebuiltfor可知,設(shè)空處在從句中作for的賓語,指物,故填what。,2.“Everytimeyoueatasweet,drinkg

31、reentea.”Thisis________mymotherusedtotellme.what。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)表語從句,且由tellsb.sth.可知,設(shè)空處在從句中作賓語,故填what。3.Thebestmomentforthefootballstarwas________hescoredthewinninggoal.when。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)表語從句,在從句中作狀語,且由Thebestmoment可知,設(shè)空處表時間,故填when。,【即學(xué)即練】用適當(dāng)連接詞完成下面短文。,1._______theJStreetBandgottogetherisaninterestingstory.Leadsinge

32、rJeremyputthebandtogether.Heheldablindauditionforinterestedmusicians.Itwassurprising2.___________hechose.Heselectedaguitaristwhowasa70-year-old.Itmadenodifference3.________hewasoldoryoungtheguyrocked!Theyplaymostlytheirownsongs.Theirstyleofmusicisunique.Ericistheone,whether,How,who/whom,whowritesthe

33、lyrics.In2013theyhadanumberonehit.Cheeringfansgreetthemeverywhere.Theirabilitytoappealtomixedaudiencesis4.________makesthemdifferent.TheywillstarttheirnationaltourfromSanJosethisyear.5.________theygoonthistouris6.________theylovethethingstheydo.Itshardtosay7.________makesabandsuccessful.Whatmattersm

34、ostis8.________thefanslikethebandssongsandstyle.However,mostpeopledontrealize,that,what,Why,that,what,what,9.________longmusiciansworkintheshadowsbeforeachievingrecognition.Bothtalentandhardworkarerequirediftheywanttoachieve10.________theydreamof.,how,如何寫英語游記,寫作,【寫作任務(wù)】假設(shè)你是李華，上周你和父母參加了某旅行社組織的香港三日游活動，

35、請根據(jù)表格內(nèi)容用英語寫一篇游記。,注意:1.詞數(shù)：120左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫；3.參考詞匯：金紫荊廣場theGoldenBauhiniaSquare；維多利亞港VictoriaHarbor；游輪cruiseship,【寫作指導(dǎo)】一、審題定調(diào)本習(xí)作要求寫一篇以記錄行程為主的記敘型游記。此類寫作寫作時應(yīng)注意以下幾點：1.按游覽的順序或時間來寫；2.寫出景物的特點；3.適當(dāng)抒發(fā)自己的情感或發(fā)表自己的看法。游記類作文中的時態(tài)以過去時為主，人稱多用第一人稱。,二、謀篇布局本篇習(xí)作可分為以下三部分：第一部分：簡述旅行概況（上周和父母參加了香港三日游活動）；第二部分：描述旅游過程及所見所

36、聞（具體的三日行活動介紹）；第三部分：表達旅行感受（對香港之旅的評價）。,三、組織語言1.第一部分：簡述旅行概況。,2.第二部分：描述旅游過程及所見所聞。,3.第三部分：表達旅行感受,【范文展示】普通范文LastweekmyparentsandIvisitedHongKong.Westayedthereforthreedays.AssoonasourplanereachedHongKongwewentstraighttovisittheGoldenBauhiniaSquare.Afterlunch,wewenttoHongKongOceanPark.Therewesawmanyinterest

37、ingoceancreatures.Aftersupper,weenjoyedthebeautifulnightscenesofVictoriaHarboronacruiseship.Thenextday,wevisitedHongKongDisneylandandspentahappydaytakingpartinlotsofexciting,activities.Onthethirdday,wewereshowedaroundthestreetsanddidsomeshopping.WeweretiredbutourtriptoHongKongwasreallyunforgettable.

38、Iwontregretdoingit.,高級范文LastweekmyparentsandImadeathree-daytourofHongKong.Onourflightsarrival,weheadedstraightfortheGoldenBauhiniaSquare.Afterlunch,wewenttoHongKongOceanPark,wherewewereimpressedbyawidevarietyofamazingmarinelife.Aftersupper,weadmiredthefascinatingnightscenesofVictoriaHarborfromacruis

39、eship.Thenextday,wevisitedHongKongDisneylandandhadmuchfunthereparticipatinginmanythrillingactivities.Onthethirdday,we,wentonasightseeingtourofthestreetsandpurchasedsomesouvenirgifts.Exhaustedaswewere,itwasworthit.Notonlydiditentertainedme,butitalsobroadenedmyhorizon.,鞏固練習(xí),I.用括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式填空。1._________

40、___(punish)forbadbehaviorcanrangefromtime-outstowith-drawingprivileges,suchastelevision.2.Thegovernmentshoulddomoretopromote_______(race)equality.,racial,Punishments,3.Thereareobvious____________(distinct)betweenthetwowine-makingareas.4.Webookedatableatourlocal________(Italy)restaurant.5.Weareso____

41、_____(thank)forallthesupportwereceived.,thankful,distinctions,Italian,II.用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B接詞填空。1.Idonotbelieve______hehassaid.2._______hefailedthefitnesstestisunknown.Hemightbetoonervousatthetime.3.Nobodyknows_______hewillarrive.Inotherwords,hemayappearatanytime.4.Weexpect______therewillbeanimprovementinhisperf

42、ormance.,when,what,Why,that,5.Pleaseletusknow________theywouldratherspendthenight:TentorHotel?6.Idontknow___________Ishouldtellherornot.7.Theirtroubleis________theyareshortofskilledworkers.8.Itsagreathonour_______youveetovisitus.,that,where,whether/if,that,III.閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。,Th

43、eSpanishtourismindustryisencouragingIndianfilmmakerstomakefilmsinSpainaftera2011filmhas1.___________(apparent)morethandoubledthenumberofIndiantouristsvisitingthecountry.Spainisalreadythethirdmost2.________(visit)countryintheworldbutwantstodiversifyitstouristbasefromthe,apparently,visited,usualNorthe

44、rnEuropeans,3._______makeupmostofitsvisitors.The2011filmZindagiNaMilegiDobaraisaromanticedyaboutamanwhoteamsup4._________twootherfriendstomakeatripacrossSpainbeforegettingmarried,5.________(take)inthetomatothrowingTomatinaFestivalinBunolandthebull-runningSanFerminFestivalinPamplona,aswellasvisiting6

45、.______goodmanyotherwell-knownplacesthere.,who,a,with,taking,ThefilmhadanimmediateimpactonthenumberofIndianvisitorstoSpainwithtouristagenciesorganizing7.______(tour)oflocationsfeaturedinthefilm.Over60,000IndiansvisitedSpainafterthefilmsrelease,morethandoubletheyearbefore;andlastyearthenumber8._______(rise)toover80,000.TourismisanimportantpartofSpainseconomy.TheWorldTourism,tours,rose,Organizationpredicts9.________50millionIndiantouristswillbetravelingabroadeveryyearby2020,ofwhichSpainwouldclearlylike10.________(grasp)ashare.,tograsp,that,