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111 Unit 3 Travel journal 單元自測 （模塊） 1完形填空 閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從21—30各題所給的A、B、C和D項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。 字數(shù)：217 完成時間：15分鐘 難度：*** When it’s 10:15 in New York, it’s 9:15 in Salt Lake City, and 7:15 in San Francisco – isn’t it? This consistent and orderly time system, based on a grid of time 21 , seems so natural that people 22 give it a moment’s thought. So you may find it surprising to learn that prior to the late 1800s each community 23 its own time – by looking at the sun. When the sun shone directly overhead in Washington, D.C., for example, it was 12:00 noon there; up the road in Philadelphia, 24 , it was 12:07, and in Boston it was 12:24. To measure time with absolute accuracy, it is necessary to move the clock about one minute for every twelve miles of distance; so according to “sun time” your pocket watch would be slightly 25 if you ventured only a few miles down the road. It was not until the advent of widespread railroad travel that a need 26 for 27 time. At one point over 300 local times were honored within the 28 , making it literally impossible for trains to arrive consistently on time 29 . As a result, in 1883 the continental United States was divided into four time longitude. The standardization resulting from this system 30 so helpful that in 1884 the International Meridian Conference applied the same procedure to establish time zones around the world. 21. A. areas B. districts C. zones D. divisions 22. A. usually B. never C. only D. rarely 23. A. made B. established C. arranged D. founded 24. A. however B. therefore C. meanwhile D. by contrast 25. A. different B. wrong C. incorrect D. mistaken 26. A. arrived B. raised C. happened D. arose 27. A. regularized B. organized C. corrected D. standardized 28. A. state B. county C. world D. country 29. A. everywhere B. anywhere C. nowhere D. somewhere 30. A. was proved B. has been proved C. was proving D. proved [答案] 21. C. 時區(qū)time zone, 是固定詞組。 22. D. 人們習以為常了，所以很少想到它，選rarely, 經(jīng)常想起、從不想起和只想起它都不合理。 23. B. 句意應(yīng)為每個地區(qū)都確立自己的時間，只有establish可以表示建立制度。 24. A.根據(jù)上下文可判斷出此處為轉(zhuǎn)折對比關(guān)系， 而by contrast 表示相反的對比，所以選however。 25. C. 根據(jù)“太陽時”，只要離開幾英里，表就會有一些不準，而不是不同、錯誤或誤解。 26. D. 需要出現(xiàn)應(yīng)該搭配的動詞是arise。 27. A. 是需要調(diào)整時間，而不是使時間有組織、改變或標準化。 28. D. 根據(jù)上下文，是在美國境內(nèi)有300多個地區(qū)時。 29. A. 根據(jù)文意，火車不可能在每個地方都準時，所以選everywhere, 和impossible 構(gòu)成部分否定。 30. D．該系統(tǒng)被證明很幫助，應(yīng)該用prove的主動形式，時態(tài)用一般過去時。 2語法填空 閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入一個適當?shù)脑~或使用括號中詞語的正確形式填空，并將答案填寫在答題卡標號為31-40的相應(yīng)位置上。 字數(shù)：147 完成時間：8分鐘 難度：** Usually male butterflies are more brightly colored than the female. The female have bigger and heavier bodies, 31 they carry the eggs. The bright colors of the male help to attract the female, and the duller colors of the female make them 32 likely to be caught by enemies before they 33 (lay) their eggs. 34 butterflies have a bright pattern colors on the upper surface of their wings which are shown 35 flying. But when they rest on a tree or 36 (leaf) they close their wings. On the undersides of their wings there are green and brown marks 37 look like the tree or leaves. They are then difficult to 38 (see). Many butterflies have round marks on their wings that look like eyes. When they are resting, their wings are closed, and these cannot be seen When a bird sees 39 , and begins to attack it, the butterfly 40 open its wings. The bird thinks that it sees two eyes staring at it, and so it is frightened, and flies away. [答案] 31．since 32．1ess 33．have laid 34．Some 35．when／while 36．leaves 37．which／that 38．be seen 39．one 40．would 31．since，“由于，既然”表原因。 32．1ess，從上下文可知此處是“雌飛蛾的較死板的顏色使她們在產(chǎn)完卵之前較少有可能被敵人抓住”。 33．have laid，由before可知考查動詞的現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)。 34．Some，不定代詞，“一些”。 35．when／while，when／while+ving分詞相當于由when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句，“正在飛時”。 36．leaves，leaf的復(fù)數(shù)形式是leaves。 37．which／that，關(guān)系代詞，引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句? 38．be seen，考查動詞不定式的被動語態(tài)，意為“然后他們很難被看見”。 39．one，不定代詞，指代任意一只butterfly。 40．would，表一種必然的動作或經(jīng)常的動作。 3閱讀理解 閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。 詞數(shù)：334 完成時間：7分鐘 難度：*** Yi So-yeon, an engineer from Seoul, returned to Earth on Saturday after 11 days aboard the International Space Station (ISS), along with Russian cosmonaut Yuri Malenchenko and US astronaut Peggy Whitson. A technical problem turned a routine (常規(guī)) return to Earth into a sharper than usual descent (下降) that tested the group members' stamina and courage. They landed in the Kazakh steppes ( 大草原) about 420km (260 miles) wide of their target. "During the descent there was some kind of fire outside the Soyuz capsule because we were going through the atmosphere," Yi said. "At first I was afraid, but the two other guys looked okay, so I tried to look okay too." Yi smiled and joked her way through a 10-minute news briefing at Star City, the wooded Sovietera cosmonaut training centre on the edge of Moscow. However, Malenchenko and Whitson looked tired and thin after nearly six months in space. Their answers were short and Whitson needed support to balance when she walked. The 29-year-old Yi has become famous in South Korea since the take-off but she brushed this aside and said she has had little contact with friends or family since returning. "In fact, they are the heroes right now," Yi said, referring to Malenchenko and Whitson. "I'm just a beginner and a little ashamed to say that I am a hero." She did, though, relate a more light-hearted incident on the ISS. "I sang 'Fly Me to the Moon" Yi said about the 1950s pop song. "It's my favorite song from university although at that time I didn't know I would be an astronaut." The capsule's so-called "ballistic" re-entering made the group members face twice the usual pull from the centre of the earth. The flames Yi described may have been caused by friction (摩擦) heating the capsule as it fell through the atmosphere. Whitson told reporters that Saturday's ballistic landing, was irregular but not an emergency. "The Soyuz has been through its history very reliable and there has obviously been some issue in the last couple of descents which went ballistic, but I'm sure the engineers will determine what the problems are and get them fixed," she said. In October, a Soyuz capsule carrying Malaysia's first space tourist touched down about 200 km (125 miles) off course in a similar ballistic landing caused by a technical problem. The Soyuz is the world's longest-serving manned space capsule. An early version of the craft, the Vostok, carried the first person into space in 1961. Whitson, 48, has become the American with the longest amount of time in space with 377 days. 41. What's the main idea of the passage? A. Flight in space is very dangerous B. Not everybody can go into space C. Fearful landing tests the Korean astronaut D. Yi didn't know she would be an astronaut when she was young 42. The reason why Yi Suo-yeon felt afraid at first was that __________. A. a fire was caused by the friction B. she had no such experience before C. she was not brave enough D. the other two didn't help her 43. From the passage, we can learn that __________. A. Yi So-yeon, a space tourist came from South Korea B. Whitson became energetic when they landed on earth C. the two other guys were not afraid during the descent D. the Soyuz, an unmanned space capsule, had a long history 44. The underlined phrase in this passage means __________. A. out of work B. out of control C. in the wrong direction D. in danger 45. We can conclude from this passage that __________. A. experience is very important for astronauts to ensure safety B. Yi Suo-yeon will never return to the space station C. people are not willing to experience the space flight D. we should draw a lesson from the accident [答案] 本文講述Yi Suo-yeon與另外兩名宇航員在太空站11天后返回的不平凡經(jīng)歷。 41. C。主旨大意題。令人恐懼的著陸讓進入太空的韓國宇航員經(jīng)受了一次考驗。 42. B。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段推理得出, Yi開始時恐懼的原因是以前沒有過這種經(jīng)歷。 43. C。由“At first I was afraid, but the two other guys looked okay...”判斷得出答案。 44. C。詞意猜測題。off course偏離軌道。 45. A。推理判斷題。有上下文推理可得:飛行員的經(jīng)驗在旅途中能夠?qū)Π踩鸷艽笞饔谩? 4寫作訓(xùn)練 請根據(jù)下列信息，用英語寫一篇關(guān)于2008年諾貝爾獎化學(xué)獎得主華人科學(xué)家錢永健教授的簡介 [寫作內(nèi)容] 錢永健教授的簡介提示： 姓名：錢永健 國籍：美國 出生年月：1952年 出生地：紐約 獲獎及 相關(guān)情況： 2008年諾貝爾化學(xué)獎，其研究為生物和醫(yī)學(xué)試驗帶來革命。其父親是名機械工程師，堂叔是我國著名科學(xué)家錢學(xué)森。錢永健教授是自諾貝爾獎頒發(fā)逾100多年來，第七位獲諾貝爾獎的華人科學(xué)家。 教育及 工作經(jīng)歷： 16歲獲“少年諾貝爾獎” ，20歲，在哈佛大學(xué)獲得物理和化學(xué)學(xué)士學(xué)位，現(xiàn)供職美國加州大學(xué)圣迭戈分校化學(xué)及藥理系。 [寫作要求] 1．只能使用5個句子表達全部內(nèi)容： 2．文中不能出現(xiàn)真實姓名和學(xué)校名稱。 [評分標準] 句子結(jié)構(gòu)準確，信息內(nèi)容完整，篇章結(jié)構(gòu)連貫。 [寫作向?qū) 1．時態(tài)：人物介紹應(yīng)根據(jù)人物不同時期做的事情來使用不同的時態(tài)。 2．可用詞匯與句型：the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for2008諾貝爾化學(xué)獎，Roger Y. Tsien 錢永健教授， Harvard University哈佛大學(xué)，University of California San Diego School美國加州大學(xué)圣迭戈分校。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ [答案] Roger Y. Tsien, A Nobel Prize Winner For 2008 Roger Y. Tsien, born in New York in 1952, is a Chinese American who won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for 2008. His research has brought a revolution to the research and experiments on biology and medicine. His uncle is Xue Sen Tsien, a great Chinese famous scientist. Roger Y. Tsien is the seventh Chinese American scientist who is a Nobel Prize winner in the over-100-year history of the prize. At the age of 16, he got the Nobel Prize for Youngsters in USA. Later, he studied in Harvard University and got bachelor degrees of chemistry and physics at the age of 20 there. He has been working at the department of Chemistry & Medicine in University of California San Diego School. 111