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111 2014屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)全方位配套訓(xùn)練人教版必修一Unit 2 English around the World閱讀理解5 第Ⅴ組 A “Have a nice day!” may be a pleasant gesture or a meaningless expression.When my friend Maxie says “Have a nice day” with a smile,I know she sincerely cares about what happens to me.I feel loved and secure since another person cares about me and wishes me well. “Have a nice day.Next!” This version of the expression is spoken by a salesgirl at the supermarket who is rushing me and my groceries out of the door.The words come out in the same tone (腔調(diào)) with a fixed procedure.They are spoken at me,not to me. Obviously,the concern for my day and everyone else’s is the management’s attempt to increase business. The expression is one of those behaviors that help people get along with each other.Sometimes it indicates the end of a meeting.As soon as you hear it, you know the meeting is at an end.Sometimes the expression saves us when we don’t know what to say.“Oh,you just had a tooth out?I’m terribly sorry,but have a nice day.” The expression can be pleasant.If a stranger says “Have a nice day” to you,you may find it heart-warming because someone you don’t know has tried to be nice to you. Although the use of the expression is an insincere,meaningless social custom at times,there is nothing wrong with the sentence except that it is a little uninteresting.The salesgirl,the waitress,the teacher,and all the countless others who speak it without thinking may not really care about my day.But in a strange and comfortable way,it’s nice to know they care enough to pretend they care when they really don’t care all that much.While the expression may not often be sincere,it is always spoken.The point is that people say it all the time when they like. 1.How does the author understand Maxie’s words? A.Maxie shows her anxiety to the author. B.Maxie really wishes the author a good day. C.Maxie encourages the author to stay happy. D.Maxie really worries about the author’s security. 2.What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 mean? A.The salesgirl is rude. B.The salesgirl is bored. C.The salesgirl cares about me. D.The salesgirl says the words as a routine. 3.By saying “Have a nice day”, a stranger may . A.try to be polite to you B.express respect to you C.give his blessing to you D.share his pleasure with you 4.According to the last paragraph,people say “Have a nice day” . A.sincerely B.as thanks C.as a habit D.encouragingly 5.What is the best title of the passage? A.Have a Nice Day—a Social Custom B.Have a Nice Day—a Pleasant Gesture C.Have a Nice Day—a Heart-warming Greeting D.Have a Nice Day—a Polite Ending of a Conversation 【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。對(duì)人們打招呼常用的Have a nice day這一習(xí)語進(jìn)行敘述和說明。在不同的語境、不同的場(chǎng)合下，從不同人的口中說出，Have a nice day所表達(dá)的內(nèi)涵是不同的，但這個(gè)習(xí)語已經(jīng)成了一種社會(huì)習(xí)俗。 1.B 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段中“...I know she sincerely cares about what happens to me.”以及“wishes me well”可知，“我”的朋友Maxie是真的關(guān)心“我”，希望“我”一切順利，而不是僅僅擔(dān)心“我”的安全問題等。 2.D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。售貨員口中說出的“Have a nice day”，只是催促“我”帶著我買的東西快出超市門口，因此她說的這句話只是一種例行程序，而不是真正地對(duì)“我”關(guān)心。 3.A 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段中“...because someone you don’t know has tried to be nice to you.”可知是stranger 向你表示善意，因此就是“try to be polite （有禮貌的，禮節(jié)性的） to you”。而陌生人之間談不上“respect”，排除B項(xiàng)。 4.C 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由“it is always spoken”和“people say it all the time”可知，人們說“Have a nice day”是一種習(xí)慣了。 5.C 主旨大意題。本題問的是本篇文章的最佳題目是什么。Have a nice day.從形式上看，它是一個(gè)expression；從內(nèi)容上看，它是一個(gè)“問候語”。說它heart-warming，是因?yàn)檫@個(gè)問候語本身表達(dá)了讓人溫馨的祝愿。盡管它也用于一些其他特定的場(chǎng)合，表示特定的意義，但它的本質(zhì)還是一個(gè)greeting，不可能是一種custom （社會(huì)習(xí)俗）。因?yàn)閏ustom是一個(gè)民族長(zhǎng)期形成的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣，是一種文化，具有豐富的外延。此題容易根據(jù)最后一段的“Although the use of the expression is an insincere,meaningless social custom at times...”證明它是custom，這屬于偷換概念，因?yàn)閠he use of the expression不等于the expression本身。 B English is a language spoken all around the world.There are more than 42 countries where the majority of the people speak English.Most native speakers of English are found in the United Kingdom，the United States of America，Canada，Australia，South Africa，Ireland and New Zealand.In total，for more than 376 million people English is their mother tongue.An equal number of people learn English as a second language.These people will perhaps speak the language of their own country at home with their family，but the language of the government，schools，newspapers and TV is English.This situation is found in countries such as India，Pakistan，Nigeria and the Philippines. However，the number of people who learn English as a foreign language is more than 750 million.Everywhere in the world children go to school to learn English.Most people learn English for five or six years at high school.In China students learn English at school as a foreign language，except for those in Hong Kong，where many people speak English as a first or second language. In only fifty years，English has developed into the language most widely spoken and used in the world.English is the working language of most international organisations，international trade and tourism.Businessmen and tourists often come to China without being able to speak Chinese.Chinese businessmen，taxi drivers and students talk with them using English.English is also the language of global culture，such as popular music and the Internet.You can listen to English songs on the radio or use English to communicate with people around the world through the Internet.With so many people communicating in English every day，it will become more and more important to have a good knowledge of English. 6.How many people learn English as a second language? A.More than 37,500,000. B.More than 376,000,000. C.More than 750,000,000. D.More than 75,000,000. 7.Most international organisations use as their working language. A.English B.Italian C.Latin D.Japanese 8.Which of the following best expresses the main idea of the passage? A.There are more than 42 countries where English is spoken. B.More than 750 million people speak English as their mother tongue. C.English is the language of global culture. D.English is the language widely used and spoken in the world. 9.It can be inferred from the passage that . A.English will be the only language to be used in the world B.Englishmen might find it unnecessary for them to learn other languages C.the number of learners of English will become smaller D.Chinese will play a more important part than English 【語篇解讀】本文主要介紹英語在全世界得到廣泛應(yīng)用。 6.B 推理判斷題。由第一段中的“...for more than 376 million people English is their mother tongue.An equal number of people learn English as a second language.”可推知，把英語作為第二語言學(xué)習(xí)的人數(shù)也是more than 376,000,000。 7.A 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段第二句可以得知，多數(shù)國(guó)際組織把英語作為工作語言。 8.D 主旨大意題。本文主要講述英語在當(dāng)今世界應(yīng)用之廣。 9.B 推理判斷題。由短文最后一段可知，那些來中國(guó)的商人和游客沒必要會(huì)說漢語，只需要說英語即可。此外，每天用英語交流的人非常多。由此推出，隨著世界各地學(xué)英語的人數(shù)的增加，英國(guó)人可能發(fā)覺自己沒有必要學(xué)習(xí)其他語言了。 C Who taught you to speak English? Your parents，while you were a young child? Your teachers at school? Perhaps even the BBC as a grown-up.Whoever it was，somehow you have developed an understanding of what is rapidly becoming a truly global language. There are now about 376 million people who speak English as their first language，and about the same number who have learnt it in addition to their mother tongue.There are said to be one billion people learning English now and about 80% of the information on the Internet is in English. Is this a good thing，or a bad thing? Should we celebrate the fact that more and more of us can communicate，using a common language，across countries and cultures? Or should we worry about the dangers of “mono-culturalism”， a world in which we all speak the same language，eat the same food and listen to the same music? Does it matter if an increasing number of people speak the same language? On the contrary (相反)，I would have thought although I have never accepted the argument that if only we all understood each other better，there would be fewer wars.Ask the people of India (where many of them speak at least some English) and Pakistan (the same situation with India). If we all speak English，will we then all start eating McDonald’s burgers? Surely not.If English becomes more dominant (占主導(dǎo)地位的)，it will kill other languages? I doubt it.When I travel in Africa or Asia，I am always surprised by how many people can speak not only their own language but often one or more other related languages，as well as English and perhaps some French or German as well. When we discussed this on Talking Point a couple of years ago，we received a wonderfully poetic e-mail from a listener in Ireland.“The English language is a beautiful language.Maybe it’s like a rose，”he said，“but who would ever want their garden just full of roses？” Well，I love roses，and I think they make a beautiful addition to any garden.But the way I see it，just by planting a few roses，you don’t necessarily need to pull out everything else.If more and more people want to plant English roses，that’s fine by me. 10.According to the passage，how many people in the world are speaking English as their first language now? A.About 376 million. B.About 752 million. C.80% of the world people. D.One billion people. 11.By saying “Ask the people of India...and Pakistan...” in the fourth paragraph，the author is trying to show that . A.speaking the same language doesn’t necessarily bring peace B.wars can destroy the relationship between two countries C.English doesn’t kill other languages D.English is widely used in the world 12.What does “garden” in the last two paragraphs stand for? A.Language. B.Family. C.The world. D.The Earth. 13.The author would probably agree that . A.it’s very hard to plant many kinds of flowers in a garden B.it’s good for people from other countries to learn English C.more and more people like to plant roses in their gardens D.English is easier to learn than other languages 【語篇解讀】本文介紹越來越多的人講英語，并且數(shù)量還在增加，這是好事還是壞事？ 10.A 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。本文第二段講述了英語的使用情況。第二段第一句中提到，把英語作為第一語言的人數(shù)大約是376 000 000。 11.A 觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。本句承接上文“...although I have never accepted the argument that if only we all understood each other better，there would be fewer wars.”而來，作者以印度和巴基斯坦為例說明彼此間的了解并不能減少戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。 12.C 詞義猜測(cè)題。在最后兩段作者提出沒有人會(huì)讓他們的花園僅僅種植玫瑰，他想表達(dá)的意思是世界上不能所有國(guó)家都使用同一種語言，在這里玫瑰代表“英語”，因此garden代表“世界”。 13.B 推理判斷題。在最后一段第一句和最后一句中，作者用花來比喻語言，由此我們看出，作者認(rèn)為別的國(guó)家的人學(xué)英語(to plant English roses)是好的。 D Every day，340 million people speak it.One billion people are learning it and it is said that by 2050，half of the world’s population will be using it.What are we talking about? That global language—English. The English language started in Britain in the 5th century.It is a mixed language.It was built up when German，Scandinavian and French invaders settled in England and created a common language for communication. Today it is the official language of the UK，the USA，Australia，New Zealand，Canada，South Africa and Ireland as well as many islands in the Caribbean.Many other countries and regions use it for politics and business，such as India，Pakistan，and Nigeria.English is also one of the official languages of Hong Kong. But global advertising and pop music mean that in most countries，you will see or hear some English.Thanks to McDonald’s，we all know about“hamburgers”，“fries” and “milkshakes”.Songs by Madonna，Britney Spears and Celine Dion are in English.We can sing along，even if we do not understand what we are singing! English is a messy (雜亂的) language.Every year，dictionaries include new words that talk about popular culture，for example，computer-related words such as “blogging”，“download” and “chatroom”.Also included are words that teenagers use.Who does not know “cool”，“OK”and “hello”？ Other languages also influence English.Many English words come from French.Words like “café” and expressions like “c’est la vie” (that is life) are all part of the English language.On the other hand，the French language includes English words like “l(fā)e weekend” and “l(fā)e camping”.German words are also part of English.Words like“kindergarten” come from the German language. Recently，British people have become interested in “yoga”.But the word comes from an ancient Hindu language in India. 14.The English language has a history of . A.over 2,000 years B.over 500 years C.over 1,500 years D.over 1,000 years 15.The underlined expression “Thanks to” can be replaced by “ ”. A.Because of B.Thankful to C.Not until D.As if 16.Which of the following statements is TRUE about the language of English? A.It has been changing all the time. B.It has borrowed words from all the other languages. C.French words are used by the English because dictionaries have French words. D.Singers and film stars have the greatest influence on language. 【語篇解讀】本文講述英語是一門國(guó)際語言，是許多國(guó)家的官方語言，但是也受許多其他語言的影響。 14.C 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段的“The English language started in Britain in the 5th century.”可知。 15.A 詞義猜測(cè)題。thanks to意為“由于”。 16.A 推理判斷題。通讀全文內(nèi)容可知。 E The number of speakers of English in Shakespeare’s time is estimated to have been about five million.Today it is estimated that some 260 million people speak it as a native language，mainly in the United States，Canada，Great Britain，Ireland，South Africa，Australia and New Zealand.In addition to the standard varieties of English found in these areas，there are a great many regional and social varieties of the language as well as various levels of usage that are employed both in its spoken and written forms. In fact，it is impossible to estimate the number of people in the world who have acquired an adequate working knowledge of English in addition to their own languages.The purpose for which English is learned and the situations in which such learning takes place are so varied that it is difficult to explain and still more difficult to judge what forms an adequate working knowledge for each situation. The main reason for the widespread demand for English is its present-day importance as a world language.Besides serving the indefinite needs of its native speakers，English is a language in which some of important works in science，technology，and other fields are being produced，and not always by native speakers.It is widely used for such purposes as meteorological and airport communications，international conferences，and the spread of information over the radio and television networks of many nations.It is a language of wider communication for a number of developing countries，especially former British colonies.Many of these countries have multilingual populations and need a language for internal communication in such matters as government，commerce，industry，law and education as well as for international communication and for access to the scientific and technological developments in the West. 17.What would be the best title for this passage? A.The difficulties of learning English B.International communications C.The standard varieties of English D.English as a world language 18.Which of the following statements is NOT true? A.Some 260 million people in the world have an adequate working knowledge of English. B.There are some 260 million native speakers of English in the world. C.It is almost impossible to estimate the number of people with an adequate working knowledge of English. D.People learn English for a variety of reasons. 19.According to the passage，what is the main reason for the widespread use of English? A.It was popular during Shakespeare’s time. B.It is used in former British colonies. C.It serves the needs of its native speakers. D.It is a world language that is used for international communication. 20.What forms an adequate working knowledge of English? A.The ability to read a newspaper. B.It is difficult to judge because it differs for each situation. C.Being multilingual. D.Being a native speaker. 【語篇解讀】本文介紹了英語的發(fā)展變化，說明了會(huì)說英語的人的數(shù)量是難以估測(cè)的，人們學(xué)說英語的原因也是多種多樣的，以及英語作為一種世界語言在當(dāng)代社會(huì)中的重要性。 17.D 主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段第一句及全文的內(nèi)容可推知答案為D。 18.A 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段第二句及第二段第一句的描述可推知答案為A。 19.D 推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段的描述，英語在世界不同領(lǐng)域、不同地區(qū)的使用，可推知答案為D。 20.B 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段最后一句可知答案為B。 111