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1、專題十四構詞法,考點二,考點三,考點四,考點一,考點二,考點三,考點四,考點一,考點二,考點三,考點四,考點一,合成法就是由兩個或更多的詞合成一個詞。詞與詞之間有的用連字符“-”連接,有的直接連寫在一起,還有的分開寫。 1.合成名詞,考點二,考點三,考點四,考點一,考點二,考點三,考點四,考點一,2.合成形容詞,考點二,考點三,考點四,考點一,考點二,考點三,考點四,考點一,3.合成副詞,考點二,考點三,考點四,考點一,4.其他合成詞,考點二,考點三,考點四,考點一,考點二,考點三,考點四,考點一,1.前綴 派生法就是由一個詞根加上前綴或后綴構成另一個詞。,考點二,考點三,考點四,考點一,考點

2、二,考點三,考點四,考點一,考點二,考點三,考點四,考點一,2.后綴,考點二,考點三,考點四,考點一,考點二,考點三,考點四,考點一,考點二,考點三,考點四,考點一,考點二,考點三,考點四,考點一,用括號內所給詞的適當形式填空 1.(2016浙江)This book explores the musical(music) interest and needs of children in their daily lives. 2.(2016四川)Surprisingly(surprise),these people live largely by their own laws and the

3、ir own social customs.,解析:考查名詞對應的形容詞形式。因為interest是名詞,其前面應用形容詞來修飾。句意:這本書探索了孩子們在日常生活中對音樂的興趣及所需。,解析:從本句結構上來看,空格要填的詞位于句首,有些副詞可置于句首來修飾主句,做狀語,由此可知,應用surprisingly。句意:令人吃驚的是,這些人們主要依據(jù)自己的法規(guī)和社會習俗來生活。,,,3.(2016四川)In the depths(deep) of the French Guianese rainforest,there still remain unusual groups of indigeno

4、us(土著的) people. 4.(2016北京)She created a website page,matching survivors(survive) in need with donors who wanted to help.,解析:此空考查名詞的復數(shù)形式,空格前是一冠詞,故此處應用deep的名詞形式depth表示“深處,深淵”的意思,且depth是可數(shù)名詞,通常用復數(shù)形式。句意:在法屬圭亞那雨林深處仍保留著一群不尋常的土著居民。,解析:根據(jù)句意“她創(chuàng)建了一個網(wǎng)站,把有需要的幸存者與愿意給予幫助的捐助者進行了匹配”可知,此處考查動詞相對應的名詞形式。由于沒有冠詞應泛指“幸存者”

5、,故用復數(shù)形式。,,,,5.(2016全國)Silence may be thoughtful(thought),or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say. 6.(2016全國)Frank Hurley,a confident and gifted(gift) Australian photographer who knew the Antarctic,was hired to make the images,most of which have never before been published.,解析:考查名詞的形容詞

6、形式。由句子結構可知,空格處是做be動詞的表語,根據(jù)前半句句意“沉默也許是在深思”可知,應用形容詞做表語。,解析:空格處后是Australian photographer,故所給詞應用形容詞形式做定語,且and前并列用了形容詞confident,故用gift的-ed形式演變成的形容詞。,,,7.Some schools will have to make adjustments (adjust) in agreement with the national soccer reform. 8.They gave money to the old peoples home either pers

7、onally(personal) or through their panies.,解析:考查名詞。動詞make之后應該接賓語,由于沒有冠詞,所以空格處應該填寫復數(shù)形式adjustments。句意:一些學校將不得不作出調整,以適應國家足球改革。,解析:考查形容詞對應的副詞形式。分析句子結構可知空格處需要填副詞并與through their panies構成并列狀語。句意:他們親自或通過公司向敬老院捐款。,,,9.It was considerate(consider) of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried. 1

8、0.The girl used to be shy,but is gradually(gradual) getting active in group work and is more willing to express herself.,解析:考查動詞對應的形容詞形式。句意:邁克爾想得很周到,他通知我們他耽擱的事情,以免我們擔心。considerate“考慮周詳?shù)?體貼的”,本句應用了句型“It is/was considerate of sb.to do sth.某人想得很周到,做了”。,解析:考查形容詞對應的副詞形式。分析句子結構可知此處需要副詞gradually來修飾動詞短語“get

9、ting active”。句意:這個女孩過去很靦腆,但現(xiàn)在逐漸地積極參加集體活動,也更樂意表達自己了。,,,11.The successful(success) fisherman invited the officer to acpany him and observe. 12.Its not really surprising (surprise) that reading became her vocation.,解析:句意:這位成功的漁夫邀請長官來陪伴他以便進行觀察。分析句子結構可知所填詞位于名詞前做定語,用形容詞。,解析:本句中的it指代后面that從句的內容;根據(jù)句意用以修飾一件事

10、情,所以使用現(xiàn)在分詞轉換的形容詞surprising “令人驚訝的”做表語。,,,13.Its so unfortable(fort) to be in that condition of self-doubt or self-criticism and guilt. 14.It was a little far to her car and it was a foggy(fog) day yesterday in Missouri.,解析:根據(jù)空后的self-doubt or self-criticism and guilt判斷前面應填“不舒服的”,Its后應用形容詞做表語,故填unfort

11、able。,解析:此處為形容詞做定語,修飾名詞day,故用foggy。,,,15.(2018全國)To avoid knee pain,you can run on soft surfaces,do exercises to strengthen(strength) your leg muscles(肌肉),avoid hills and get good running shoes. 16.The aim of education is to teach young people to think for themselves and not follow others blindly(bl

12、ind). 17.What was so impressive(impress) about Jasmine Westlands victory was that she came first in the marathon barefooted. 18.(2018全國)Running is cheap,easy and its always energetic(energy). 19.(2018全國)According to the World Bank,China accounts for about 30 percent of total global(globe) fertilizer

13、 consumption. 20.(2018全國)This switch has decreased pollution(pollute) in the countrys major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.,,,,,,,21.Although she brushed the old pot thoroughly(thorough),she could not make it pletely clean,which made her very upset. 22.(2018浙江)The obvi

14、ous one is money;eating out once or twice a week may be affordable(afford) but doing this most days adds up. 23.(2018浙江)Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in weight(weigh) problems. 24.When she was in elementary school,Diana was enthusiastic(enthusiasm) about being a police officer,but quit the ambition after learning that she wont be able to dye her hair or wear her favorite necklace and rings. 25.When the salesgirl walked into the shop,she sensed something unusual(usual).Can someone have got in?,,,,,,