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111 選修 6 Module 6 War and Peace Learning Plan for Grammar Learning Aims: 1．To master the grammar: Subjunctive mood. 2．To help the students grasp the mood and finish some exercises about it.. 3. To make the students love and treasure the peace. Emphasis and Difficulty: The use of the grammar To pay attention to some more uses of Subjunctive Mood. Learning Methods: Practice and consolidation Type: New Period: One Learning and learning procedures: Ⅰ.虛擬語(yǔ)氣在名詞性從句中的運(yùn)用. 1)用于賓語(yǔ)從句中 ①用于wish后的賓語(yǔ)從句中，從句一般用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示一種不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的 愿望。其構(gòu)成形式為： 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去時(shí)（與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反） 主語(yǔ)＋wish＋（that）從句+ 助動(dòng)詞過(guò)去試+動(dòng)詞原形(與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反) 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去完成時(shí)（與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反） I wish (that) I had met that film star yesterday. 我真希望我昨天見(jiàn)到了那位電影明星。 I wish I had never known him. 我真希望我從來(lái)就不認(rèn)識(shí)他。 I wish they’d let us get some sleep. 我真希望他們能讓我們好好睡一覺(jué)。 ② 用于表示建議、愿望、命令等詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句中，常見(jiàn)的動(dòng)詞有: demand , order , require, insist, suggest, propose, advise，recommond, desire, request, move, ask等，賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣其結(jié)構(gòu)為：“should＋動(dòng)詞原形”，should可以省略。但連詞that 往往不省略。 He suggested that we (should) start off early the next day. 他建議我第二天要早出發(fā)。 They insisted that the boy (should) go with them. 他們堅(jiān)持讓那個(gè)男孩和他們一起走。 注意： 上述動(dòng)詞的名詞形式出現(xiàn)時(shí)，that 引導(dǎo)的從句仍用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。 He made a request that they (should ) stop smoking. 他建議他們戒煙。 ③ 在would rather, had better后的賓語(yǔ)從句中，也用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去時(shí)或過(guò)去完成時(shí)。 I would rather they hadn’t heard of the news. 我真希望他們沒(méi)有聽(tīng)說(shuō)這個(gè)消息。 2）用于主語(yǔ)從句中. It isdesired/suggested/proposed/necessary/important/strange /natural/a pity＋that從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“should＋動(dòng)詞原形”，should可以省略。 It is strange that he (should) have acted toward his parents like that. 他那樣對(duì)待他的父母有點(diǎn)兒怪。 3)用于表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句中. 在suggestion, proposal, order, plan, idea, request, advice等名詞后的表語(yǔ)從句或同位語(yǔ)從句中要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。其構(gòu)成是“should＋動(dòng)詞原形”。 Our teacher gave us some advice how we(should)use the computer.老師給我們提出了一些如何使用電腦的建議。 The suggestion came from the chairman that the new rule(should)be adopted.采納新規(guī)則的建議是主席提出來(lái)的。 The government gave the order that all these houses(should)be pulled down in three weeks.政府下令三個(gè)星期內(nèi)所有這些房子都要拆掉。 我從王先生那邊得知一個(gè)消息，他說(shuō)他今天下午不能來(lái)看你了。 His suggestion is that we should stay calm. 他的建議是我們應(yīng)該保持冷靜。 Ⅱ．a(chǎn)s if(as though), even if (even though)等引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句或狀語(yǔ)從句中。 如果從句表示的動(dòng)作指現(xiàn)在狀況，則用過(guò)去時(shí)；如果表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，則用過(guò)去完成時(shí)：如果指將來(lái)的動(dòng)作，則用過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。 H e looks as if he were an artist. 他看起來(lái)真像個(gè)藝術(shù)家。 Ⅲ．定語(yǔ)從句中的應(yīng)用. It is (high) time(that)…句型中，定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式或should＋動(dòng)詞原形（其中should不能省略）。此句型意為“（現(xiàn)在）該…”,用來(lái)表示提議。 It is (high) time (that) you went to school. 你現(xiàn)在該去上學(xué)了。 It is (high) time (that) we should start out. 我們?cè)摮霭l(fā)了。 It’s time (that) you had a hair cut. 你該理發(fā)了。 It’s high time (that) we took some action. 我們?cè)摬扇⌒袆?dòng)了。 Ⅳ．if only引導(dǎo)的感嘆句中，用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。 If only I were a flying bird! 如果我是一只飛翔的小鳥(niǎo)該多好?。? If only I had seen the film! 如果我看過(guò)那部電影該多好??！ Ⅴ.表示“祝愿…”的“may＋動(dòng)詞原形”的句型中，may須置于句首。用should + 動(dòng)詞原形 May you succeed!祝你成功！ May you be happy!祝你快樂(lè)！ Ⅵ. Practice： 1. If I ____ you ,I ____ very happy. A. were ; would be B. am; shall be C. were :shall be D .am， would be 2. If he had not lost his money, he____ the piano last week. A. would buy B. had bought C. could have bought D. bought 3. If I _____her telephone number, I would have called her. A. had known B. has known C. knew D. know 4. I _____come yesterday, but I couldn’t. A. was to have B. must C. were to D. ought to 5. Your advice that she ____till next week is reasonable . A. will wait B. is going to wait C. waits D. wait 6. The professor gave orders that the test _____before 5:30 p.m. A. be finished B. will finish C. must be finished D. should finish 7._____I know it ,I should have told him . A．Have B. Had C. Having D. If 8.I do wish I ____more about the subject . A．have known B. knew C. know D. will know 9.It _____hard now ,otherwise we could go out to play . A．rained B. rains C. is raining D. would rain 10----How does your aunt act? ----She acts as if she ___an expert. A．were B. was C. is D. has been 11.I was ill that day ,otherwise I ____the sports meet. A．would take part in B. had taken part in C. took part in D. would have taken part in 12.The child talks to us as if he ___a grown-up. A．is B. will be C. had been D. were 13.____the clouds, you would find the airplane in the sky easily. A．Were it not for B. If it had not been for C. If it were not D. Had it not been for 14.If I had known that, I ____so. A ．wouldn’t do B. won’t do C. didn’t do D. wouldn’t have done 15.But for the party, he ____of hunger 30 years ago. A．would have died B. must have died C. would die D. died The keys: 1—5 ACACD 6—10 ABBCA 11—15 DDADA 111