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1、 U3Language in us 導入 基本思路： 課題: U3Language in use 第二課時 語法課堂 ------- 形容詞與副詞 一、形容詞 形容詞用來修飾名詞或代詞，表示人或事物的性質、狀態(tài)和特征，在句中作定語、表語或補語等。 例如：It’s a cold and windy day.( 定語) He looks happy today.( 表語) You should keep your room clean and tidy.(賓補) 1.形容詞作定語一

2、般位于被修飾詞之前，但是修飾something，anything，nothing，everything等不定代詞時位于其后。 例如，Would you like something hot to drink？ 2. 某些形容詞前加上定冠詞the可以泛指一類人。 The rich should help the poor. 3. 有些形容詞只能作表語，稱為表語形容詞。這類形容詞沒有級的變化，也不可用程度副詞修飾。這類詞有：?ill， afraid，alike，alive，alone，asleep，awake, well，unwell，?等。 4. 兩個以上的形容詞修飾同一個名詞時，其常

3、用的順序是：限定詞→一般描繪性詞→大小形狀→性質→色彩→長幼、新舊→國籍、出處→物質材料→用途、類別等。 如：a big quiet grey old British wooden house。 How excited he was when he happened to find _____ dining table! A．a beautiful round new red Chinese wooden B．a new beautiful red round Chinese wooden C．a Chinese beautiful red round new wooden D

4、．a new red Chinese beautiful wooden round 考查形容詞排序。多個形容詞修飾名詞，其排列順序為限觀形齡色國材。故選A 5．數(shù)量形容詞 only a few相當于not very many，意為“不多幾個”；not a little相當于quite a little或much，意為“很多”；not a few相當于quite a few或many，意為“很多”；not a bit相當于not at all，意為“根本不”；“many a＋單數(shù)名詞”相當于“many＋復數(shù)名詞”，意為“許多……” 6.貌似副詞的形容詞： lovely，lively，li

5、kely，friendly，lonely 7.復合形容詞：snow-white雪白的 English-speaking說英語的； full-time全日制的；well-known眾所周知的；kind-hearted善良的；man-made人造的；take-away可以帶走的；ten-year-old十歲的。 二、副詞 (1)單音節(jié)和少數(shù)雙單節(jié)形容詞、副詞 原級 比較級 最高級 構成方法 great fast greater faster greatest fastest 一般的單音節(jié)及少數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞，在詞尾加上er或est brave simple braver s

6、impler bravest simplest 詞尾是不發(fā)音的e時，只加r或st hot big hotter bigger hottest biggest 重讀閉音節(jié)詞尾是一個輔音字母，需重復輔音字母，再加er或est easy early easier earlier easiest earliest 詞尾是輔音加y，先把y改為i，再加er或est (2)多數(shù)多音節(jié)形容詞、副詞，前面加more或most 原級 比較級 最高級 carefully more carefully most carefully important more i

7、mportant most important (3)少數(shù)形容詞、副詞的不規(guī)則變化 原級 比較級 最高級 good/well/ better best bad/badly/ill worse worst many/much more most little less least far farther/further ?farthest /furthest old Older/ elder oldest/ eldest 比較等級的運用 (1)同級比較的句式 同級比較一般采用as…as…, 意為“和……一樣’’.否定句中用not as(so

8、)…… as……意為“不如’’. 注意： ①as…as中間必須用形容詞或副詞的原級形式。例：Mary dances as well as Kate. ② not as(so)… as…可以和比較級進行同義句轉換。 Lily didn’t write as/so carefully as Lucy. =Lucy writes more carefully than Lily. =Lily writes less carefully/more carelessly than Lucy. 最高級進行同義句轉換) ； 比較級 + than + any + 單數(shù)名詞，意為“比任何……

9、都……”，表示不同范 圍內的比較。 The Yangtze River is longer than any other river/the other rivers in China. = The Yangtze River is the longest river in China. Shanghai is larger than any city in Japan. （4）形容詞或副詞的最高級的用法 用于三者及三者以上的人或事物進行比較，其句型結構一般為：A + 謂語+ the+最高級 + 表示范圍的短語。 I think Chinese is the most impo

10、rtant of all subjects. English is the most widely used of all the languages in the world. 運用時應注意： ①“one of + the +最高級+名詞復數(shù)”表示“最……的……之一”。 She is one of the best students in her class. ②“the + 序數(shù)詞+最高級+名詞單數(shù)”表示“第……最……的……”。 The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. ③形容詞最高級前應加定冠詞th

11、e,副詞的最高級前可以省略the。 但作表語的形容詞最高級前，如果不是和其他人/物相比，或形容詞最高級前有物主代詞時，常不加the。 We are busiest on Monday. Wang Hai is my best friend. ④在含有or的選擇疑問句中，如果有三者供選擇，前面的形容詞或副詞要用最高級形式。 Who runs (the)fastest, Jim, Tim or Tom? ⑤“ the+ 最高級+名詞+定語從句”，表示先行詞被定語從句修飾時，其中的形容詞常用最高級。 This is the best film I have even seen ⑥

12、最高級形式有時并不表示最高級概念，它只表示“在很大程度上，非?！?，這時最高級形容詞或副詞前不加the。 It's a most important question. 這是個非常重要的問題。 中考模擬訓練 1. — What do you think of the price of gold in the world? —Nowadays it is getting much than before. A. low B. lower C. lowest D. the lowest 2. — It’s very important for everyone

13、to exercise. do you exercise? —Three or four times a week. A. How long B. How far C. How soon D. How often 3. The days last too long. We hate them. A. quietly B. quickly C. loudly D. slowly 19. The World Health Organization has given some advice on ______to

14、protect us from being infected(感染) with H7N9. A. how B. what C. where D. when 20. Be quick! The game will begin ______. A. immediately B. recently C. carefully D. Luckily 21. —The meat is ______ delicious. —Yes, but don't eat ______. A. too much; too muc

15、h B. much too; too much C. too much; much too D. much too; much too 22. —Jo, I went to the concert yesterday. How big the symphony hall is! 一So it is. It is ______ to hold more than one thousand people. A. big enough B. enough big C. too big D. too small 23.People care

16、 lot about food safety, for they want to eat ___________. A.health B.healthy C.healthily 24. The teacher is wise enough to explain the most question in ___ way. A.simple B.simple C.the simplest 25.—Remember , boys . __careful you are , __mistakes

17、 you will make . —We know , Mr. Li . The more; the more B.The fewer; the more C. The more; the fewer D. The less; the less 26.—Have you read today’s newspaper? —Yes, but there isn’t ______________. A.new something B.something new C.new anything D.a

18、nything new 27. —What does your brother look like? —He is _____________. A. fine B. nice and friendly C. good D. tall and handsome 28. — Do you like the western food, Li Li? — No, I think the food of our country is___ that of western countries. A. much more delicious than B. less del

19、icious than C. not as delicious as D. as delicious as 29.--Which country is your favorite, Lin Tao？ --France, of course. It’s the _______ place that I want to visit. A. worst B. better C. best 30. The world’s population is growing and there is land and water for gro

20、wing rice. 副詞用來修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或全句。作狀語，說明地點、時間、方式、程度等。1.We should always listen to our teachers carefully. 2.He is very happy today. 3.“What happened？”I asked，rather angrily. 4. In spring，I can see flowers everywhere. 副詞的分類 方式副詞：well，fast，slowly，carefully，quickly 程度副詞：very，much，enough，almost，rath

21、er，quite 地點副詞：here，there，out，somewhere，abroad，home， 時間副詞：today，early，soon，now，then，recently，still 頻度副詞：always，often，usually，sometimes，seldom，never 否定副詞：no，not，neither，nor， 疑問副詞：where，how，why 其他：also，too，only等 副詞的構成如下： ?1）本身就是副詞，如very, now, there, quite等. ?2）有形容詞后綴如-ly, 如happily, carefully等。

22、 ?3）有些副詞與形容詞同形，如early, high, long, fast, hard等。 副詞的位置 1）修飾形容詞和副詞時，須放在被修飾詞之前，如 ?? The scenery around here is very beautiful. 2）always, never, often, sometimes, usually等表示頻率的副詞一般在實意動詞前，be動詞、助動詞、情態(tài)動詞之后。?? He usually gets up early, but he got up late today. ?? I have never met him and I hope I w

23、ill never meet him. ?多個副詞同時出現(xiàn)時的順序 1)方式副詞→地點副詞→時間副詞 2)小的時間/地點→大的時間/地點 ?? They arrived in Paris safely the other day. ?注意： seldom, rarely, never等具有否定意義的頻率副詞置于句首時，助動詞或be動詞須放在主語的前面（也叫倒裝句），如 ? ?Never did I hear such a funny story=I never heard such a funny story. 三、形容詞和副詞的級 比較級和最高級的構成規(guī)則 (2)倍數(shù)比較

24、級的幾種句式 ① A+ is +倍數(shù)(twice/three times)+ as +形容詞原級(big, high)+as +B． 例:Asia is four times as large as Europe. 亞洲的面積是歐洲的四倍大。 ② A+ is +倍數(shù)+the size(height，length，width)+of +B． 例:The new hospital is five times the size of the old one. 這座新醫(yī)院是這座舊醫(yī)院的五倍大。 ③ A +is+倍數(shù)+形容詞比較級+than+ B． 例:Your school is t

25、wice bigger than ours. 你們學校比我們學校大兩倍。 （3）形容詞、副詞的比較級運用 用于兩者之間進行比較，其句型結構一般為： A + 謂語+ 形容詞比較級+ than + B。意思為“A比B更……”。 This tree is taller than that one. 這棵樹比那棵樹高。 運用時應注意： 在含有連詞than的比較級中，前后的比較對象必須是同一范疇，即同類事物之間的比較。 The weather in Shanghai is hotter than that in Beijing. ②在比較級前面可用much，a bit, a

26、little, rather, far, a lot, any, still, even等修飾。而very，quite，so，fairly，too一般只能修飾原級，不能修飾比較級。 如：A watermelon is much bigger than an apple. It rained very heavily last night. ③“比較級+ and +比較級”或“more and more +原級”表示“越來越…” It becomes warmer and warmer when spring comes. The rain became

27、more and more heavily. Our school is becoming more and more beautiful. ④“the +比較級……, the+比較級”，表示“越……越……”。 The more exercise you do, the healthier you are. The higher you stand, the farther you’ll see. The sooner，the better. 越快越好。 ⑤在含有or的選擇疑問句中，如果有兩者供選擇，前面的形容詞或副詞要用比較級形式。 如：Whic

28、h book is more interesting, this one or that one? Who runs faster, Tim or Tom? ⑥ the+比較級 +of the two，表示“兩者中較……的”。 Li lei is the taller of the two boys. ⑦比較級+ than any other + 單數(shù)名詞 / than the other + 復數(shù)名詞，意為“比任何其它……都……”，含有“最……”之意，表示同一范圍內進行比較 (可與 A.fog B.foggy C.fogy 4.—How ar

29、e you today ,Mike? —I’m now. I don’t think this medicine is good for me. A. badly B. better C. well D. worse 5. —Why does Tina look so________ today? —She's won the first prize in the English contest. A. happier B. happy C. happiest D. happily 6.He often

30、 drinks two cups of water when he comes back. A.boiling B.boil C.boiled D.boils 7．The Internet is really____to us．We can easily find information on it． A．boring B．useful C．interesting 8. －Many boy students think math is ______ English. －I agree. I’m weak in English. A. mu

31、ch difficult than B. so difficult as C. less difficult than D. more difficult than 9. People who eat breakfast are always in _____ spirits than those who don’t. A. good B. nice C. better 10. Lin’s dad hates waiting in long lines. I think he’s just not very ____. pa

32、tient B. talented C. popular D. powerful 11.—Do you know Lin Shuhao? —Yes. He is one of basketball players in the NBA. A. popular B. more popular C. the most popular 12. When an earthquake happens, and you are outdoors, you should go to an open area as as

33、 possible. A. quickly B. quietly C. loudly D. slowly 13. — Look at the bird over there! It’s so beautiful! — Wow! It’s a rare crane(丹頂鶴). It appears in this area. A. always B. usually C. seldom D. often 14. There has never been such a beautiful village ____ in the w

34、orld. A. anywhere B. everywhere C. somewhere D. nowhere 15. I know you are shorter than your brothers，but you run _________. A. more faster B. fastest C. more fast D. Fast 16. I'm sorry I'm late. I should get here 10 minutes________. A. early B. earlier C

35、. the earlier D. the earliest 17. Lots of students feel sleepy in class at present, because they have to get up early in the morning. A. now B. in the future C. then D. during the time 18. Could you please speak a little more _____? I can’t follow you. A. more; less B. larger; f

36、ewer C. larger; less D. more; fewer 31. — can you tell whether a foreigner is English or American? —Maybe by the way he speaks. A. Why B. When C. Where D. How 32. —How wonderfully you are playing the piano! ___ do you practice it a week? —Twice. Practice makes perf

37、ect. A. How often B. How many times C. How soon 33. — are you leaving for Beijing? —In a couple of days. A. How far B. How often C. How soon D. How long 34. — ________ is it from the village to your farm? —About 10 minutes’ walk. A. How

38、often B. How soon C How long D. How far 35. The volunteer spoke as _____ as she could to make the visitors understand her. A. clearly B. more clearly C. most clearly D. the most clearly 36. Now the air in our town is ________ than it used to be. Something must be done to stop it. A.

39、 very good?????B. much better C. rather bad?????D. even worse 37My _________ brother is a worker. He is four years _______ than I. 　A. older; elder?????B. elder; elder C. elder; older??????D. younger; older 38. ―Doctor, I’m getting ________. ―Well, you’d better eat _______ food. A. fat and fa

40、tter; more? B. fatter and fatter; fewer C. fatter and fat; less??? D. fatter and fatter; less 39. How _______ the wind is blowing now! A. strongest B. strongly C. strong D. stronger 40. You'd better go there by train. The train ticket is ________ the airplane ticket. A．as cheap thr

41、ee times as B．as three times cheap as C．three times cheaper than D．cheaper three times than 41. Alice cares most about her clothing，who is followed by Mary，while Della shows________interest in fashion. A．more B．the most C．less D．the least 42.After two years' research，we now have a ________better understanding of the disease. A．very B．far C．fairly D．quite 板書設計： 課后反思： 4