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1、 小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法  連詞、介詞 （一)、Grammar Part one 介詞 一、 什么是介詞 用來(lái)表示句子中某一個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)與另外一個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)之間的關(guān)系的詞。 二、 介詞的用法 考點(diǎn)一：表示時(shí)間的介詞 in， on， at 的用法 in 表示在某一時(shí)間段,常用在月、年、季節(jié)以及泛指的上午、下午或晚上 如:in 2013 in January in summer in the morning on 表示在具體的某一天或某一天的上午、下午或晚上 如：on Tuesday on February 5 at 表示在某一時(shí)間點(diǎn) th on the m

2、orning of August 8th 如:at 10：20 at night at lunchtime 小貼士： 1.for 表示持續(xù)一段時(shí)間，后接表示一段時(shí)間的名詞，多于完成時(shí)態(tài)連用 2.當(dāng)表示時(shí)間的單詞前有 this，that, next, last, every, each, some, any, all 時(shí)， 介詞應(yīng)省略 考點(diǎn)二：表示地點(diǎn)的介詞 in， at, on 的用法 in 表示較大的地方,也可表示“在.....。之內(nèi)” 如： in Nanjing in America in the garden at 表示較小的地方，也可表示“在...。..處"

3、 如：at the station at the party at home on 表示與某物表面接觸,也可表示在某物之上 如： on the moon on the ground on the right on the farm 考點(diǎn)三:表示方向的介詞 from, to, for from 表示起點(diǎn)，意為“從.。。。。。來(lái)” 如：Mr. Green comes from England。 I’ve got a Christmas present from my parents to 表示終點(diǎn)，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的目的地 如：Let’s go to school. He is walk

4、ing up to the door 。 for 表示目的地的方向，意為“往。。。。...去" 如：Is this train for Beijing？ 考點(diǎn)四:表示方式的介詞 with, in with 表示使用某種工具、身體某部位來(lái)做某事 如：I wash my hands with water. We see with our eyes and listen with our ears。 1 in 表示使用某種語(yǔ)言如:Can you say it in English? 一、填上合適的介詞 1。 There is a supermarket ____

5、_____ my house. 2。 Gao Shan is ______ duty today。 3。 Liu Tao often helps me ________ my study。 4. My birthday is ________ October 21。 5. There are lots of apples _______ the tree. 6. I like reading and I can learn a lot ______ it. 7。 I can’t find the basketball。 Maybe it’s ______ the door. 8。

6、 I can buy some flowers _______ you. 9。 I get up ______ seven _______ the morning. 10. Jack, please look _______ your things. 二、根據(jù)中文提示,完成下列句子 1。 墻上有許多標(biāo)志. There _________ a lot of __________ ___________ the wall。 2. 你可以把我們學(xué)校的情況告訴他. You can _________ him _________ our school。 3。 他們正在談?wù)撝苣┯?jì)劃. T

7、hey are talking ________ their plans _________ the weekend。 4. 南京夏天熱嗎？ __________ it hot _____________ Nanjing ________ summer？ 5. 你們能在郵局前面乘 8 路公交車。 You can ________ bus No。 8 ________ _______ ________ the post office. Part two 連詞 一、什么是連詞 在句子中起連接作用，可以使詞、短語(yǔ)或句子連接起來(lái)形成一定關(guān)系的詞。 二、連詞的用法 考點(diǎn)一： 并列連詞

8、 （1） and：“和,并且”表示并列 （2） both..。and： “兩者都。。。。。。”表示連接 （3） or： “或者,還是"表示選擇 （4） but： “但是”表示轉(zhuǎn)折 （5） not only。.. but also。.. ： “不但.....。而且.。...?！北硎静⒘?但說(shuō)話中心側(cè) 重后者 考點(diǎn)二： 從屬連詞 （1） because: “因?yàn)?，表示原因，提問時(shí)用 why （2） when: “當(dāng)。..。..時(shí)候” ，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句 小貼士 1. 在并列結(jié)構(gòu)中，and 通常用于肯定句，or 則用于否定疑問句。 2. not only...bet also

9、... 在連接兩個(gè)并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式與 but also 后面的主語(yǔ)保持一致。 3. 在英語(yǔ)中，because 與 so 不能連用，二者只用其一。 2 一、 用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞完成下列句子 1．He often helps them, ___________ he feels happy。 2．You can watch it， _______ you can't touch it. 3．Which is bigger， this one _________ that one? 4．Both my father ________ my mother are do

10、ctors。 5．——-Why are you absent today？ —--________ I can’t catch the bus。 6．Li Ming jumps farther _______ Liu Tao。 二、 同義句轉(zhuǎn)換 1. We should learn from books and we should learn from teachers。 We should learn ___________from books __________ from teachers. 2. Men will die without air and water. Me

11、n can't live without air _____ water. 3. Helen and Nancy were born in the same year。 Helen is _________ _________ ________ Nancy. 4. She was ill， so she wasn’t at school。 __________ she was ill， she wasn't at school。 一、單項(xiàng)選擇 （ )1。 I have got a present。 It is _________ my mother。 A。 from B。 for

12、 C。 to D. of （ ）2. Do you know the girl ______ red? A。 in B. with C。 of D. to ( ）3。 Ican see many trees ________ the classroom. A. in front of B. in the front of C. in front D。 in the front （ )4。 What’s wrong ________ you。 A。 for B. of C 。 with D。 in （ ）5。 Hurry up. It’s time ______ class。 A

13、. in B。 for C。 of D。 to （ ）6。 She stood up ________ went out。 A. and B. or C. so D. but ( )7. Who is right, Jacky ________ John? A。 and B. but C。 so D。 or ( ）8。 He is clever， ________ he is lazy. A. but B。 and C. so D. or （ )9. It is raining outside， _______ I have to stay at home。 A。 so B.

14、and C. but D. or ( ）10. _______ my father _______ my mother are teachers A. Neither， or B. Both， and C。 Either， or D。 Not， but （ ）11。 Be quick, _______ you'll miss the train。 A。 but B。 and C. or D. so 二、用下面方框中的介詞填空。(可重復(fù)使用) at, with, for, out, to, like, in Mr。 Black is a very old man. Ever

15、y morning he goes ______ a walk in the park。 And he comes back ________ ten thirty for his lunch _______ the middle of the day 。 3 But today a car stops __________ his house at eleven o'clock. Two policemen help him get __________ 。 One of them says ______ Mr Black ’s daughter, “ The old m

16、an can’t find his way home in the park。 He asks us to take him home ______ the car.” The daughter thanks the policemen _______ that. After they leave ， she asks her father， “Dad, you go to the park every day 。 But today you can ’t find the way 。 What’s wrong ______ you ？” The old man smiles ______

17、a child and says, “Of course I can find my way home. But I don’t want to walk home， you know." 三、改錯(cuò) ( )1. Both you and she hasthe same hobby. _____________ A B C D （ )2. Not only you but also Helen likecollecting stamps. _____________ A B C D （ )3. Whojumpshigher, Mike and David? _____________

18、 A B C D ( )4。 Because shewas ill, so she wasabsent。 _____________ A B C D （ ）5. This presentis as nicerasthat one。 _____________ A B C D (二）語(yǔ)法知識(shí)拓展 擴(kuò)充連詞的用法 1。 both …and 兩者都 She plays (both) the piano and the guitar. 2. neither…nor 意思為"既不……也不……”,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞采用就近 原則, 與 nor 后的 詞保持一致. Neither you

19、nor he is to blame。 3. either。..。。。or.。.。.。 或者。....?；蛘?..。。.; 要么..。。.。要么。。。。.。 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞采用就近 原則 Either you or I am going there tomorrow。 4. not only…but （also） 不但.....。而且....。。。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞采用就近 原則 Not only you but she likes reading。 5. so。。。。。.that..。.。。 如此···以至于··· He is so kind that everybody likes him。

20、 such.。.。。。that。..。。. 如此···以至于··· He is such a kind man that everybody likes him. 即學(xué)即練 （ ）1. Speak slowly， ＿＿＿ we can understand you。 A。 and B。 or C. if D。 because （ ）2。 We had _______ bad weather yesterday evening _________there were few people on the street 。 A.such ； that B。 such a ； C. so

21、; that D. so a ; that （ ）3。 _______ Lucy _________Lily likes Chinese,but their Chinese is poor。 A。 Both ； and B。 Not only ； but also C.Either ; or D. Neither ; not 4 （ ）4. ---I think ______ Jack_______ Dick are suitable for the job. I really can’t decide who to choose . —-— If I were you

22、,Dick would be a better choice. A。 both; and B. either; or C。 not only； but also D。so; that （ ）5。 I’ve no time to talk with you .You may ______stay here______go with me . A. both ； and B。 either； or C。neither ;nor D。 not only ; but also （三）Reading Photo fun Photo machines are fun and popular 。

23、 They let one ， two, or even five people take photos together. Then， people add designs to the pictures. The result can be very cute and funny 。 The machine prepares the photos very quickly – in just a minute or so。 Friends love to take pictures together。 They also like to give photos to other frie

24、nds. People collect many of the small photos in plastic holders。 Vocabulary Practice Write the correct word in each blank。 machine cute prepare collect plastic 1。 I often __________ lunch for my brother and sister. 2. Your little dog is so __________. 3. My friends all __________ sports ca

25、rds. 4。 A computer is an incredible ________________。 Reading Practice Choose the best answer. ( ） 1。 _________ people can take photos together。 A。 Five B. Only one or two C 。 Less than five D。 Fifty （ ） 2。 The article does NOT say people can _________. A。 take photos with friends B. add desi

26、gns to their photos C. get their photos quickly D. get plastic holders from the photo machines ( ) 3。 What does “or so”mean？ A。 About B。 Exactly C。And more D。At that time ( ） 4。 Which of the following is true? A. People don’t like to share their photos. B. It’s hard to collect small photos C.

27、It takes about 60 seconds to get the photos from the machine D. The photo machines choose the design of the photos. Language Practice Combine the two sentences into one sentence。 1. The cars are new。 The cars are expensive 。 _______________________________________________________________ 2. We

28、can go to Japan。 Or， we can go to Korea. _______________________________________________________________ 5 3. Lisa works at a coffee shop. The coffee shop is in another city。 _______________________________________________________________ New words : machine n。 機(jī)器 popular adj. 流行的 add v。

29、 加 design v。 設(shè)計(jì) result n。 結(jié)果 cute adj. 可愛的 prepare v. 準(zhǔn)備 plastic adj. 塑料的 holder n.支持物 閱讀練習(xí): 完形填空(建議 5 分鐘） Rose and Martin are ____1____ Canada. They are good friends. They __2____ fishing。 They ___3___ dance. Rose likes Chinese very much 。 Martin likes maths. They ___4__ school five or six day

30、s a week 。 They play games ___5____ Tuesday and Thursday。 They stay ____6____ home on Saturday and Sunday. They have two Chinese friends. ____7___ names are Li Lei and Wang Lin。 All of them are in ___8___ same class。 They like their school. They __9____， “The Chinese people are very friendly， the fo

31、od is nice, ____10___?！? （ ） 1。 A。 to B. of C。 from D。 on （ ） 2. A。 like B. can C. are D. would like ( ） 3。A。 goes B. are C。 would like D。 can （ ） 4。 A. goes to B。 coming C。 leave D. go to ( ) 5.A。 at B. on C. of D. in ( ) 6. A。 away B. out C. at D。 in （ ） 7。 A。 His B。 Their C。 Our D. Theirs

32、（ ） 8。A. / B. an C. the D。 a ( ） 9. A. talk B. say C。 speak D。 tell ( ) 10。 A. very B。 too C。 much D。 many 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容完成句子（每空一詞)(建議 5 分鐘） Mrs. Williams is a Canadian doctor. She is now in Nanjing with her husband 。 Their children are in their hometown with their grandparents。 She works in a hospital.

33、 She likes Chinese medicine very much. She wants to know much about Chinese medicine there。 She works hard in the day in the hospital and reads English books on Chinese medicine at night. She learns Chinese from the Chinese doctors. Now she can speak some Chinese and read some Chinese， too。 Her husb

34、and Mr。 Williams is a manager（經(jīng)理） of a big company 。 He works hard ， too。 He goes to work on weekdays. Sometimes， on Saturday and Sunday, he has to work. He is very busy. He has many things to do every day。 1. Mrs. Williams comes from __________。 2. Their children are staying at home with their __

35、_________。 3. Now Mrs。 Williams can speak _________ Chinese。 4. Mrs. Williams likes Chinese _________ very much. 5. From ________ to _______ ， Mr。 Williams goes to work every day。 (四）、Funny English 6 A 生活小百科 （ ）1。 _________ is NOT written by Anderson. A. Red ShoesB. Cinderella（灰姑娘）

36、C. Thumbelina(拇指姑娘）D. The Ugly Duckling （ )2. What kind of game do children play at Halloween？ A. Snakes and Ladder B. Trick or Treat C. Hopscotch D. Tic Tac Toe （ ）3. What does the Chinese word “年" mean at first。 A。 A chicken B。 A person C.A monster D. A cock ( ）4。 Nanjing is known as the capi

37、tal ( 都城) of ____dynasties(朝代) in the history. A。 six B. seven C。 eight D。 nine ( ）5。 Which country is not one of the four civilized countries （文明古國(guó)）。 A. China B. Egypt C. Japan D。 India。 B。 腦筋急轉(zhuǎn)彎 1。 He is not my uncle。 But he is my grandpa’s son。 Who is he？ ___________ 2。 What do you do first w

38、hen you wake up in the morning?_____________ 3。 Why is the river very rich? ___________________________ 4. Which hospital never treats（治療)people？ _________________ 5. What match can’t be put in a match- box? _________________ （五)、名校真題鏈接 一、單項(xiàng)選擇 （ )1。 He was angry ______ what I said. A. for B

39、. with C. at D. on ( )2. I began to work here ______ March， 1978. A。 in B。 at C. on D. to ( )3。 I go shopping ______ my mommy. A. with B。 in C 。 and D。 for ( ）4. Father gives a nice present ______ me. A. with B. to C. in D 。 for ( )5. Christmas Day is ______ the twenty— fifth ______ December。

40、 A。 on， in B。 on, of C。 in， of D。 on, on ( )6。 Look！ There is a lovely bird singing ______ the tree. Yeah! There are also many apples ______ the tree. A。 in， on B. in, in C 。 on， in D。 on， on 二、用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞填空 because and so or but 1。 Lucy ______ I are good friends. 2. She is weak， ______ she never g

41、ive up exercising。 3. Hurry up, ______ you will miss the last bus 。 4。 I buy a cat ______ my mother likes cat very much。 5. The sky is grey ______ I bring an umbrella。 三、用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空 1. Every Monday I stay ______ home. 7 2. It is not cold here ______ winter。 3. We have four classes _____

42、_ the morning and two classes ______ the afternoon。 4. They will have an exam ______ Saturday afternoon。 5. Please answer my question ______ English. 6。 There is no difference ______ the two shirts. 7。 They will come back ______ two o'clock。 8. He is good ______ English. Homework （ （

43、 (  )1. They are all new, ________ I’m not. A. and B. but C。 so D。or )2. Is there a letter ______ a postcard ? There’s a letter。 A. and B。 or C。 not D。 but ）3。The old woman can’t read ______ write。 A. and B. or C. but D。 and can （ ）4。 ____________ my classmates ________ our class teacher

44、 was there then. A。not only…but also… B. both… and… C。 Neither… or… D。 Either…nor… （ )5。 Have one more try, ______ you will not succeed. A。 and B. or C。 then D。 but ( )6。 ____ you are ill， you should see the doctor right now. A. If B。 Though C。 Until D。 Since ( ）7. ______ the midnight

45、 he waited for his mother。 A。 Till B。 Since C. Until D. At （ ）8._____the men drivers ______ the woman driver have been to the village. A. Neither…nor… B。 Both …and C。 Either…or… D 。 None of…and… （ ）9.She is the lady _______ helped the old woman yesterday. A。 whom B。 which C. what D。 who ( )10

46、。 Lucy has seen the film , _______ Lily hasn’t 。 A。 and B。 or C。 but D。 so ( ( （ ( ） 11. _______ the morning of May 1st， we visited the old man. A。 On B. At C 。 In D。 With ）12。 Most people work ______ the day and sleep ______ night。 A。 on ； at B。 in ； in C. in ; at D。 on； on )13. Li

47、n speaks English best ______ the boy students. A。 between B。 with C. on D。 among ）14。 A wolf ____a sheepskin often makes us confused（迷惑）。 A. with B. in C。 on D。 of ( )15。Susan will come back _____ three days。 A. after B。 for C 。 in D。 on （ ） 16. They gave the bag to us ______ mistake。 A. by B

48、。 for C。 on D. with （ ） 17.David left Xi’an ____a cold winter morning。 8 A。 at B. before C。 on D。 in （ ） 18.Guizhou is _____ the southwest of China。 A。 in B. on C。 to D。 off （ ） 19。 ______my mother’s help, I succeeded in finishing the work. A。 Under B. On C 。 With D。 In ( ) 20.My father is very strict _____ me and he’s very strict ___ his work, too. A。 with; on B. with ; in C. in ; with D. with ; with 9