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,專項(xiàng)復(fù)習(xí)之？,Unit14 Have you packed yet ?,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) The Present Perfect Tense,滑縣八里營(yíng)鄉(xiāng)初級(jí)中學(xué) 黃利英,Studying aims,1.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成 2.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的主要用法 及相關(guān)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) 3. 短暫性動(dòng)詞與時(shí)間段的關(guān)系 4. have been 與have gone 比較 5.與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的用法比較,夏天還會(huì)遠(yuǎn)嗎 ? will it still be far in summer?,春天已經(jīng)來(lái)了, Spring has already come,,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài),Spring has already come.,,,一)構(gòu)成:,have/has+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞,The present perfect tense,,,助動(dòng)詞 （可以幫助構(gòu)成肯定、疑問(wèn)和否定句）,,1.He has cleaned his room. (寫一個(gè)一般疑問(wèn)句）,Has he cleaned his room?,2. She has lived in London for four years. (劃線部分提問(wèn)）,How long has she lived in London?,3. He has been to China, ____ ____? （寫出反義疑問(wèn)句部分）,hasn’t he,4. They have come back from work. (寫否定句）,They haven’t come back from work.,,(一)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響和產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果.它強(qiáng)調(diào)的是過(guò)去的動(dòng)作同現(xiàn)在的聯(lián)系.常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有already, yet, ever, never, just, before等.,,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的主要用法,,,A: ______ your brother ______ his homework yet? (finish) B: Yes, he ‘s already done it.,Key words,Has finished,yet,,,already,注意：already 用于肯定句， yet 用于疑問(wèn)句和否定句中,,,A: _______ you ever _______ to the park? ( be ) B: No, never.,Key words,Have been,yet,,already,ever,,never,注意： ever 曾經(jīng) 用于疑問(wèn)句中 never 從不 帶有否定意義,,,I ______ just ________ the desk, you can take it to your classroom . (mend ),Key words,have mended,yet,,ever,never,just,already,Just 剛剛 與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用 一般置句中 Just now 剛才 與一般過(guò)去時(shí)連用,(二)表示一個(gè)從過(guò)去開始,一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,有可能繼續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài).通常和for或since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用.,,,Tom ___________ in the factory since he left school ten years ago. (work ),Key words,has worked,,since,since 后面帶過(guò)去時(shí)間或有一般過(guò)去時(shí)的句子,,,A: How long ______ you ________ in this school? (teach ) B: For 6 years.,Key words,have taught,,since,for,+ 一段時(shí)間,,,We _______ only ____________ 100 trees so far. (plant),Key words,have planted,,so far,,到目前為止,,Key words,yet,ever,never,since,for,just,before,already,so far,in the past 10 years,twice,也可以是其他表示次數(shù)的詞,how long,Some verbs can't often be used with “for“ or “since“,,,,,Please point out any mistakes and correct,,,She has bought the computer for two years.,,,,had,,Please point out any mistakes and correct,,How long have you come to the United States？,,,been in,,Please point out any mistakes and correct,,Ann has gone to China since three months ago.,,,been in,,Please point out any mistakes and correct,,I have left Shanghai for 3 days.,,been away for 3 days.,,Please point out any mistakes and correct,,I have borrowed the dictionary since 3 days ago .,,,kept,Please point out any mistakes and correct,,The film has begun for 10 minutes.,,,been on,Please point out any mistakes and correct,,The concert has finished for half an hour.,,,been over,,Please point out any mistakes and correct,,His dog has died for two years .,,,been dead,can you distinguish?,去過(guò)某地已經(jīng)回來(lái) 常與ever, never, once,twice,連用,一直留在某地 與for / since連用 用how long 提問(wèn),去了某地 還沒(méi)回來(lái) 只用于第三人稱,,Her sister _____________ Australia, She left this morning.,has gone to,can you distinguish?,去過(guò) 常與ever, never, once,twice,連用,在… 與時(shí)間段連用 用how long 提問(wèn),去了 說(shuō)話時(shí)某人不在 只用于第三人稱,,A: How long ____ you _______ China? B: I _________ here for 3 years.,have been,have been in,can you distinguish?,去過(guò) 常與ever, never, once,twice,連用,在… 與時(shí)間段連用 用how long 提問(wèn),去了 說(shuō)話時(shí)某人不在 只用于第三人稱,,A: _____ you ever ________ the city ? B: No , never .,Have been to,?與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的用法比較,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)都是說(shuō)過(guò)去的事情，但現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)注意的不是事情本身,而是強(qiáng)調(diào)事情與現(xiàn)在保持的某種密切聯(lián)系（如現(xiàn)在的結(jié)果，影響,一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在等）;而一般過(guò)去時(shí)，則只講述發(fā)生在過(guò)去的動(dòng)作和事情與現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有關(guān)系。,上一頁(yè),下一頁(yè),主菜單,The past tense or the present perfect tense,know,have known,knew,The past tense or the present perfect tense,saw,have,lost,The past tense or the present perfect tense,did,has finished,see,saw,用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空,1.--______ you _________your pen? (mend) --Yes, I _______. --When_______ you _______ it? --I __________ it yesterday. 2.--How do you like the film? --I ____________(not see) such a moving film before. 3.Millie’s sister _______(join) the club last week. So she _________(be) in the club for nearly one week.,Have,mended,have,did,mend,mended,haven’t seen,joined,has been,Exercises,,4.My father__________(give) up ________(smoke). He doesn’t _________(smoke) now. 5.The Green family_____________(not come) back yet from the cinema. They______(go) to see a film one hour ago.,has given,smoking,smoke,haven’t come,went,,,6.She has known Sam______ nine years. (for , never , since) 7.They have______arrived. (ever , just , yet) 8.Have you_____ ridden a horse? (ever , for , yet) 9.She has known Fred______ they were at primary school. (already , just , since) 10.We have not completed the project_____. (already , for , yet),for,just,ever,since,yet,,Write a passage about travel to use the present perfect tense.,,Homework,