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Unit 5 Nelson Mandela – a modern hero Learning about language,Discovering useful words and expressions 1 Find the words that mean the same from the text.,1. _________ group of people organized for a special purpose 2. _________ help and advice given to someone 3. ____________ not have a job 4. _________ showing great love for someone or something,league,guidance,out of work,devoted,5. ______ unkind; ungenerous 6. ______ a time or state that something reaches as it grows 7. _____ money paid for going to school 8. ________ basic general truth 9. ________ the human race 10. ______ period of being young,stage,fee,principle,mankind,youth,mean,calm,calmness,selfishness,ill,illness,loneliness,2 Scan through the vocabulary list of this book and the words you have learned. Use the correct endings to form new words.,hopeful,peaceful,beauty,success,hopefully,peacefully,beautiful,beautifully,successful,successfully,equal official worry about mankind lawyer attack republic quality violence legal hopeful vote active,3 Complete the passage with words and the phrase from the box below.,My name is Robert Sobukwe. Like Nelson Mandela I was a ______ who believed that all ________ is created ______. I hate _______ and tried to use ____ ways so that black people could ____ for their government. As I live in South Africa, the _______ of the South African ________ did not agree with me.,lawyer,mankind,equal,violence,legal,vote,officials,Republic,They ________ me for encouraging the blacks to fight against the government and put me in prison. Nobody was allowed to talk to me for five long years and I lost the ability to talk. Before I went to prison, I had been ________ that things would change.,hopeful,attacked,After I was released I found the _______ of life for black people had got worse. I was _____________ my future, and soon I fell ill. Although I was not as successful as Nelson Mandela, many people remember me as one of the first ______ black fighters for human rights in South Africa.,quality,worried about,active,1. The mines where I worked were 9 km from my home. 2. The reason why I got a job was because of my hard work. 3. The time when I arrived was late at night. 4. The government building where we voted was very tall. 5. The date when I joined the ANC Youth League was the 5th of August.,Answer key to exercise 2 on page 37,The person with whom I lived was a good friend of mine. 2. The house in which I was staying was far away from my work. 3. The company for which I worked was founded five years ago.,Answer key to exercise 3 on page 37,4. The address to which all my letters were sent was in South Africa. 5. The team for which I did research is the best in China. 6. The scientist from whom the government heard the bad news never lost heart when he was in trouble.,Answer key to exercise 4 on page 37,Based on the example, rewrite the sentences with when, why, pre + which or pre+ whom. The person was willing to help. The person with whom I often play was willing to help. The person to whom I turned for help was willing to help. The person about whom I talked was willing to help.,,,,Can you do the following ones? The room was dusty. The time was very pleasant. The reason was known to all.,Grammar,The Attributive Clause Ⅱ,Yao Ming is a Chinese player who was born in Shanghai and is playing basketball in NBA now.,Earthquake is a sudden shaking of the earth’s surface which may cause great damage.,Zhang Yi mou is a famous director one of whose films is Hero.,I like a girl who/that ______________.,looks happy,Tom,The baby whom Tom _____________ is his brother.,His brother,is looking after,The ship on which _________________ was Titanic.,they were standing,My friend is the boy whose T- shirt is black.,This is the factory. I worked in the factory ten years ago. This is the factory where I worked ten years ago. The school is near a park. My son studies in this school. The school where my son studies is near a park.,,,關系副詞where,We visited the house. Lusun once lived in the house. We visited the house where Lusun once lived.,,They’ll never forget July 1. Hong Kong returned to its motherland on July 1. They’ll never forget July 1 when Hong Kong returned to its motherland. The days are gone forever. We used foreign oil during those days. The days when we used foreign oil are gone forever.,,,關系副詞when,There was a time. The businessman lost heart at that time. There was a time when the businessman lost heart.,,when引導的定語從句修飾表示時間的名詞，并在定語從句中作時間狀語，相當于“介詞+關系代詞(which)”。,I’ll never forget the day when I joined the league.,on which (=on the day),=,We still remembered the days when we travelled together.,,The time _____ I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life.,when,in which (=in the days),=,where引導的定語從句修飾表示地點的名詞，并在定語從句中作地點狀語，相當于“介詞+關系代詞(which)”。,This is the house where I lived two years ago.,in which (=in the house),=,Harvard is a world-famous university where Wang An got his Doctor degree.,The place ____________ we visited yesterday is a school for disabled children.,which/that,Harvard is a world-famous university. There Wang An got his Doctor’s degree.,,There are many reasons why people like traveling. for the reasons =why I don’t like the way that you speak. in the way =that 關系副詞實際上是介詞＋先行詞,關系副詞why,time,修飾時間,place,修飾地點,reason,修飾原因,指時間，地點或原因的先行詞在定語從句中 作主語或賓語，用which或that引導定語從句。,when, where, why與that, which 的區(qū)分,This is the reason ________ (= for which) I didn’t come here. The reason __________ she gave was not true.,why,which/that,a. This is the place where he works. This is the place which (that) we visited last year. b. That was the time when he arrived. Do you still remember the time that (which) we spent together?,c. This is the reason why/for which he went. The reason that (which) he gave us was quite reasonable.,總結 關系副詞: where, when, why,時間 when = in / at / on / during which 地點 where = at/in/on which 原因 why = for which,“when” means “at that time”, “where” means “at that place”, “why” is used after the word “reason”.,whose=of +關系代詞 They live in a house, whose door opens to the south.,=They lived in a house, of which the door opens to the south. =They lived in a house, the door of which opens to the south.,Find out the attributive clauses in Reading.,Para.1 1. The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life. 2. It was in 1952 and Mandela was the black lawyer to whom I went for advice. 3. He was generous with his time, for which I was grateful.,Para.2 4. The school where I studied for only two years was three kilometers. away. 5. However, this was a time when one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg.,Para. 3 6. The day when Nelson Mandela helped me was one of my happiest. 7. …, until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.,Para.4 8. They could not get the job they wanted. 9. The parts of town in which they had to live were decided by white people. 10. The places outside the towns where they were sent to live were the poorest parts of South Africa.,11. We were put into a position in which we had either to accept we were less important, or fight the government. 12. We first broke the law in a way which was peaceful.,1. The person _________________ you should write to is Mr. Ball. 2. The person to ______ you should write is Mr. Ball. 3. The games __________ he competed in were swimming and shooting. 4. The games in ______ he competed were swimming and shooting.,who/that/whom,whom,which/that,which,Complete the following sentences using attributive clauses.,5. October 1, 1949 is the day ___________we will never forget. 6. Is this the shop ___________ sells children’s clothing? 7. His parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone ______ family was poor. 8.The pen __________ he is writing now was bought yesterday.,with which,that / which,which / that,whose,9. He is the man _________ you can turn for help. 10.This is the tree under ______ we used to play games. 11.The farm _________ we worked ten years ago isn’t what is used to be. 12. A biologist is a man _________ has a great knowledge of biology.,to whom,which,on which,who / that,13. The poor boy __________ lost both his parents last year lives with his grandfather. 14. This is the factory _______________ he worked ten years ago. 15. This is the factory ___________ makes toys. 16. He is the boy ______ family was poor.,who / that,where / in which,whose,which / that,I’ll never forget the days ______________ we worked together. 2. I’ll never forget the days ______ ________ we spent together. 3. I went to the place _______________ I worked ten years ago.,when / in which,which,where / in which,幾種易混的情況,及物動詞,4. I went to the place ______________ I visited ten years ago. 5. This is the reason _______________ he was late. 6. This is the reason ____________ ________ he gave.,which,why / for which,that / which,及物動詞,及物動詞,1. We are just to reach a point ___both sides will sit down together and talk. (2007 山東) A. where B. that C. when D. which 解析: A 本句中先行詞a point= a stage in sth’s development 表發(fā)展的階段、地步, 為抽象地點，故選關系副詞where 引導 定語從句。,真題解析,2. In the dark street there wasn’t a single person _____ she could turn for help. A. that B. who C. from whom D. to whom 解析: 答案為 D 介詞 to 和定語從句中的 turn 構成固定搭配 turn to sb. for help。,3. In the office I never seem to have time until after 5:30pm ___ many people have got home. A. whose time B. that C. on which D. by which 解析: 答案為 D 根據(jù)句意“到下午 5 :30 時，許多人已經(jīng)到家了”，且定語從句中又 用了完成時，故應用介詞 by。,4. The film brought the hours back to me _____ I was taken good care of in that far-away village. A. until B. that C. when D. where 解析: C 本題考察定語從句，主句中的 先行詞the hours被其它成分分割，只要 考生能夠認清真正的先行詞，就不難 得出答案，the hours表示時間，所以應該 選擇一個表示時間的關系副詞，即when。,1. Is this the factory ____ he worked ten years ago? A. that B. where C. which D. the one 2. Is this factory ____ some foreign friends visited last Friday? A. That B. where C. which D. the one,Exercise,B,D,3. I shall never forget those years ___ I live in the farm __ you visited last week. A. when; where B. which; which C. when; which D. which; where 4. Do you know the reason ___ he was late? A. for which B. for what C. which D. that,C,A,5. May the fourth is the day ____ we Chinese people will never forget. A. which B. when C. on which D. about which 6. Is that the reason ____ you are in favor of the proposal? A. which B. what C. why D. for that,A,C,7. I like the second football match ____ was held last week. A. which B. who C. that D. / 8. I will never forget the day ____ we studied together. A. at which B. on that C. at that D. on which,C,D,9. I should like to use the same TV set ___ is used in your classroom. A. which B. who C. as D. whose 10. The Second World War ___ millions of people were killed ended in 1945. A. on which B. where C. in that D. during which,C,D,11. Who can think of a situation _____ this idiom can be used? A. which B. that C. where D. in that 12. We’re talking about the piano and the pianist _____ were in the concert we attended last night. A. which B. whom C. who D. that,C,D,13. I have many books, some of ___ are on chemistry. A. Them B. that C. which D. those 14. I don’t like ____ you speak to her. A. the way B. the way in that C. the way which D. the way of which,C,A,15. Can you tell me the name of the factory ___ you visited last week? A. what B. where C. / D. when I can still remember the sitting-room ___ my mother and I used to sit in the evening. A. what B. which C. that D. where,C,D,1. The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, _____ the sailing time was 226 days. (全國 2004) A. of which B. during which C. from which D. for which,高考鏈接,A,2. I work in a business ______ almost everyone is waiting for a great chance. (湖南 2004) A. how B. which C. where D. that,C,3. Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes ______ people were eaten by the tiger. (廣東 2005) A. in which B. by which C. which D. that,A,4. I was given three books on cooking, the first _______ I really enjoyed. (2006 浙江) A. of that B. of which C. that D. which,B,5. Last week, only two people came to look at the house, _______ wanted to buy it. (2007 安徽) A. none of them B. both of them C. none of whom D. neither of whom,D,6. He was educated at the local high school, ______ he went on to Beijing University. (2007 江蘇) A. after which B. after that C. in which D. in that,A,7. Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity ________ sight matters more than hearing. (2007 天津) A. when B. whose C. which D. where,D,8. Eric received training in computer for one year, _____ he found a job in a big company. (2007 遼寧) A. after that B. after which C. after it D. after this,B,9. After graduation she reached a point in her career ___ she needed to decide what to do. (2007 江西) A. that B. what C. which D. where 10. Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases ____ beginners of English fail to use the language properly. (2007 陜西) A. which B. as C. why D. where,D,D,11. Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree ____ they can be controlled on purpose. (2007 重慶) A. with which B. to which C. of which D. for which 12. —Where did you get to know her? —It was on the farm _____ we worked. (2007 山東) A. that B. there C. which D. where,B,D,13. Many countries are now setting up national parks animals and plants can be protected. A. When B. which C. whose D. where 【2013北京】,【答案】D,【解析】考查定語從句。定語從句中不缺少主干成分，故使用關系副詞；先行詞指地點，故選where。,14. He wrote a letter ______ he explains what had happened in the accident. A. what B. which C. where D. how 【2013江西】,【答案】C,【解析】考查定語從句。先判斷從句類型為定語從句，定語從句中謂語explain后接what引導的賓語從句作賓語，因此不缺少主干成分，排除B項，答案為C。,15. Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment ______ they live. A. what B. which C. when D. where 【2013四川】,【答案】D,【解析】考查定語從句。此處先判斷從句類型為定語從句，先行詞為the environment，定語從句中l(wèi)ive為不及物動詞，因此不缺少主干成分，應填關系副詞；且environment指地點，故用where，相當于in which。,16. The children, ______ had played the whole day long, were worn out. all of what B. all of which C. all of them D. all of whom 【2013浙江】,【答案】D,【解析】考查定語從句。先判斷為定語從句，先行詞為children，故答案為D。,17. The museum will open in the spring with an exhibition and a viewing platform ______visitors can watch the big glasshouses being built. A. what B. where C. when D. why 【2013浙江】,【答案】B,【解析】考查定語從句。定語從句中不缺少主干成分，且先行詞platform指地點，故用where。,Homework,Look through the text and pay attention to the use of Attributive clauses.,