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Grammar,The Non-restrictive Attributive Clauses,1 Studying the rule,Read the following two dialogues, paying attention to the colored parts. Also think about the question: Why does Bin Picture1 ask which bicycle has been stolen?,,A: John’s bicycle has been stolen. B: Really? Which one? John has two bicycles. A: The bicycle which he bought two weeks ago has been stolen. B: What a pity! He must be very sad.,B: John, is it true that your new bicycle has been stolen? C: Yes. My new bicycle, which I bought two weeks ago, has been stolen. B: I’m really sorry.,Tips: 1) The restrictive attributive clauses are used to give necessary information in order to identify what/who you are talking about. 2) The non-restrictive attributive clauses are used to give extra information, not necessary for identifying what/who you are talking about.,,仔細(xì)觀察A、B兩組句子，注意它們的不同點(diǎn)。,A. 1. Everyone who / that knew him liked him. 2. The man (that / who / whom) you met at the school gate yesterday is Tom’s uncle. 3. Please show me the book which / that is written by the famous writer.,B. 1. Liu Ying is our monitor, who is kind and always ready to help others. 2. The students went to the hospital to see Miss Yang, whom they respect greatly. 3. The 10:00 train, which is usually very punctual（準(zhǔn)時(shí)的）, was late today.,【歸納】 通過觀察我們可以發(fā)現(xiàn)：A組的句子都是限制性定語(yǔ)從句，B組的句子都是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。,1. 非限定性定語(yǔ)從句與主句的關(guān)系不十分密切只是對(duì)先行詞作些附加的說明, 如果去掉, 主句的意思仍然清楚。這種從句和主句之間往往用逗號(hào)分開。而限定性定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的詞代表一個(gè)，一 些或一類特定的人或事務(wù), 這種定語(yǔ)從句已和被修飾的詞構(gòu)成了一個(gè)完整的意思, 不可分割。,① Crusoe’s dog, which was now very old, became ill and died. (非限定性定于從句） ② The train which has just left is for Xian. （限定性定于從句）,2. 在非限定性定語(yǔ)從句中, 不能用that來引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句, 只能用who/whom指人，用which指物, 而且引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞不能省略。 Which還可代替主句或主句的一部分。,① I advised him to give up smoking, which he didn’t accept. ② The hospital nearby, where my father used to work as a doctor, has been rebuilt recently. 3.He said she could speak 4 foreign languages, which surprised us.,3. 能引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞通常是who, whom, whose和which。關(guān)系副詞where和when也能引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句。,① The chairman, who spoke first, sat on my right. ② His speech, which bored everyone, went on and on. ③ His wife, whom you met at my house, was bored, too.,④ The speech, which he had written on little bits of paper, seemed endless. ⑤ The manager’s daughter, whose name is Ann, gave me a patient smile. ⑥ On April 1st they flew to Beijing, where they stayed several days. ⑦ I’m seeing the manager tomorrow, when he will be back from New York.,4.1)as 和which都可以在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)，代指前面整個(gè)句子。 2）as從句可放在主句前、中、后，常有“正如、正像”之意。which從句只放在后。 3）當(dāng)先行詞由the same, such 或as修飾時(shí)，用as.,1.He is from the south, as/ which we can know from his accent. 2.As is known to all , China is a developing country. 3.He is not the same person as he was.,【練習(xí)】 1. 用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞填空。 ① My father, ____ had been on a visit to America, returned yesterday. ② The meeting will be put off till next month, ____ we will have made all the preparations. ③ All the books, _____ had pictures in them, were sent to the little girl.,who,when,which,,④He likes reading, ______ I am glad to hear. ⑤This is Felicity, _____ sister you met last week. ⑥ The next day John went with me to the station, ______ I bought a ticket to London. ⑦ The gentleman, _____ you told me yesterday, proved to be a thief.,which,whose,where,whom,2.用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式及關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞完成下列句子。 ① The red car, ______ belongs to Miss Li, needs ________ (clean). ②I still remembered the day _____ Tom and Lily got ________ (marry).,which,cleaning,when,married,③ The following ______ (tip), _____ were offered by Professor Wu, might be useful to you. ④ The author has published ten books, only one of _____ is a best _____ (sell).,which,seller,tips,which,⑤ My parents suggested me ______ (make) friends with the persons, _____ personal quality is neither outgoing nor quiet.,making,whose,Applying the rule ① 1). They got married in September, when I was in the countryside. 2) Mr. Robinson , who is a Canadian, will teach us English. 3) Would you like to meet David Johnson, whose latest novel has become a best seller?,4) I like the Summer Palace, which used to be a royal garden , very much. 5) Frank, who is my cousin, is in charge of the school. 6) The story happened in 1997, when I was still a little baby. 7) I have a phone , which is in the kitchen, and it is broken. 8) The factory, whose owner had been put into prison, was closed down.,② I enjoy reading the article which is very educational. 我很喜歡讀那篇有教育意義的文章。 2）San Francisco, which is one of my favourite cities, has a population of one million. 舊金山有約一百萬(wàn)人口，它是我最喜歡的城市之一。,3）Do you remember the night when we met in the heavy rain? 你還記得我們?cè)诖笥曛邢嘁姷哪且煌韱幔?4）The singer whose songs I like very much is John Denver. 我非常喜歡聽約翰. 丹弗爾的歌。 5）My aunt’s house in which I lived when I was young is located by a beautiful river. 小時(shí)候我住在我嬸嬸家，它靠近一條美麗的小河。,6）Our neighbours who had lived here for ten years have moved to another city. 在這里已經(jīng)住了 10年的鄰居已搬家到另一個(gè)城市去了。 7）The stories which were told in this book are all true. 這本書里講的故事都是真實(shí)的。,8）The examination has been put off , which is out of our expectation. 考試推遲了，這很出乎我們的預(yù)料。 9）We had to sleep with our clothes on that night , which is really unforgettable. 那一夜我們不得不和衣而臥，那真是令人難忘。 10）He always speaks as if he were the teacher , which makes us uncomfortable. 他總是像我們老師似的說話，這使得我們很不舒服。,,Answers:,1. I just read a book called Technostress , which was written by Dr. Michelle Weil.,2. Her co-author was Dr. Larry Rosen, who is her husband and also a psychologist.,3. Our mobile phones and beepers, which we buy for emergencies,,,,加上逗號(hào),4 just because they may enable people to contact us at places where we are relaxing. 5 Technological changes, which used to come one at a time, now overwhelm us.,去掉逗號(hào),加上which,【高考鏈接】 I’ve become good friends with several of the students in my school __________ I met in the English speech contest last year. (湖南 2010) A. who B. where C. when D. which,A,2. As a child, Jack studied in a village school, _________ is named after his grandfather. (2010全國(guó)卷I) A. which B. where C. what D. that,A,3. Children who are not active or ________ diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly. (北京 2010) A. what B. whose C. which D. that,B,4. The newly built café, the walls of _______ are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, especially after hard work. （江蘇 2010） A. that B. it C. what D. which,D,5. Whenever I met her, ____ was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile. (山東2009) A. who B. which C. when D. that,B,6. All the neighbors admire this family, __________ the parents are treating their child like a friend. (安徽2008) A. why B. where C. which D. that,B,