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Module 4 Sandstorms in Asia Grammar,The Infinitive,學習目標：學習和掌握本模塊語法----動詞不定式 的用法；完成有關(guān)練習； 學習重點：掌握不定式的句法功能，并能加以運用。 學習難點：不定式作主語，狀語 學法指導：通過觀察文章出現(xiàn)的不定式，獨立思考， 組內(nèi)討論、對比，總結(jié)歸納重點用法,【學情調(diào)查、情景導入】,1. 不定式的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。,,to be done,to be doing,to have done,to do,to have been done,2. 他似乎在外面站了一個多小時了。 He seems _______________________ outside for more an hour. 3. 據(jù)說小明正在學開車。Xiao Ming is said __________________ to drive these days. 4. 人們普遍認為是貝爾發(fā)明了電話。 People generally consider Bell ____________________ the telephone. 6. We had nothing to do but ____________ (wait).,to have been standing,to be learning,to have invented,wait,2. 作業(yè)一,3. 不定式在句中所作成分。,【問題展示、合作探究】,觀察下列課文中出現(xiàn)的句子，說出不定式所作成分。 1 Scientists have tried many ways to solve this problem and in China, a mass campaign has been started to help solve it. 2 They are often so thick that you cannot see the sun, and the wind is sometimes strong enough to move sand dunes. 3 To have been caught in a sandstorm was a terrible experience. 4 There was nothing to be done.,目的狀語,賓語,結(jié)果狀語,主語,定語,5 Sandstorms in China appear to have increased in recent years as a result of “desertification”. 6 The storms sometimes continue all day and traffic moves very slowly because the think dust makes it difficult to see. 7. When a sandstorm arrives in the city, weather experts advise people not to go out. 8 To be cycling in a sandstorm is frightening.,表語,賓語,賓補,主語,9 It’s difficult to breathe and the dust makes me ill. 10 So if you want to go out, you’d better wear a mask. 11 To prevent it coming nearer, the government is planting trees. 12 Already the government has planted more than 30 billion trees and plans to continue planting for the next five years.,主語,賓語,目的狀語,賓語,總結(jié)：不定式在句中所作成分,1. 主語 a. To have been caught in a sandstorm was a terrible experience. b. To be cycling in a sandstorm is frightening. c. It’s difficult to breathe and the dust makes me ill.,練習： 學好英語很重要。_________________________________ =It is very important _________________________________,To learn English well is very important.,to learn English well.,2. 賓語 a. Scientists have tried many ways to solve this problem and in China, a mass campaign has been started to help solve it. b. The storms sometimes continue all day and traffic moves very slowly because the think dust makes it difficult to see. c. So if you want to go out, you’d better wear a mask. d. Already the government has planted more than 30 billion trees and plans to continue planting for the next five years.,練習： We planned ________________(give) a concert next month. 提示：后常跟不定式作賓語的動詞：plan, manage, want, refuse, decide, offer, fail, agree, etc.,to give,3. 表語 Sandstorms in China appear to have increased in recent years as a result of “desertification”. 練習： 她的工作是照看這些孩子。 Her job is ______________________________.,to look after these children,4. 賓語補足語 When a sandstorm arrives in the city, weather experts advise people not to go out. 練習： 老師要同學們按時上交作業(yè)。 The teacher asked the students ________________________ on time.,to hand in their homework,提示：感官動詞feel, hear, see, watch, notice; 使役動詞have, make, let后常用省略to 的不定式作賓語補足語。 我剛剛看到凱特進了教室。_____________________________________ 凱特剛剛被看到進了教室。_____________________________________ 湯姆經(jīng)常使他妹妹哭，但這次被他妹妹弄哭了。 Tom often makes his sister ___________, but this time he is made ___________ by her.,I saw Kate enter the classroom just now.,Kate was seen to enter the classroom just now.,cry,to cry,5. 定語 There was nothing to be done. 練習： The meeting _________________ （hold） tomorrow is very important. 明天要舉行的會議很重要。,to be held,6. 狀語 Scientists have tried many ways to solve this problem and in China, a mass campaign has been started to help solve it. They are often so thick that you cannot see the sun, and the wind is sometimes strong enough to move sand dunes. To prevent it coming nearer, the government is planting trees.,練習： 表目的 為了趕上火車，杰克今天早上很早就起床了。 ____________________, Jack got up very early this morning. 為了起強調(diào)作用，常用In order to, so as to結(jié)構(gòu)，其中so as to不能用于句首。,To catch the train,表結(jié)果，常與only 連用，構(gòu)成only to do 結(jié)構(gòu)，表示出乎意料的結(jié)果。 他去看望他的叔叔，結(jié)果被告知他已經(jīng)搬走了。 He went to visit his uncle only _________________ that he had moved away. 我們匆匆趕到機場，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)飛機已經(jīng)起飛了。 We hurried to the airport, ________________ the plane had taken off.,to be told,only to find,【達標檢測、歸納總結(jié)】,用下列不定式的適當形式完成下列短文。 to go to college, in order to succeed, to share, to make a living, to make, to accept his ideas There was a time in ancient China when there were a great many great philosophers （哲學家）， one of whom was Su Qin. At that time, it was hard for the philosophers ___________________. ____________, Su Qin studied very hard. Finally he managed six states（國家）______________ and thus got very famous. From this we can see, if your aim is ____________, you should learn from Su Qin. Do you have anything else ____ about Su Qin? If any, tell us next time.,to make a living,In order to succeed,to make,accept his ideas,go to college,to share,【知識梳理、歸納總結(jié)】,不定式的用法,1 不定式的時態(tài)和語態(tài),2 不定式在句中所作成分,【預習指導、新課鏈接】,預習內(nèi)容：1 自學Module 5 單詞 2 預習課文 3 完成預習學案 預習重點：預習學案重點短語及句子 預習方法：先自學單詞，預習課文，獨立完成預習學案，遇到問題與同學討論或查找資料，不能解決的先作好標記，課上解決。,