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2019年高中英語(yǔ) 小題狂刷17 Unit 4 Warming Up Pre-reading Reading prehending（含解析）新人教版選修6 Ⅰ. 單詞拼寫 1. As a ____________ (結(jié)果，后果) of enjoying the paintings, Shelley wanted to bee an artist. 2. The ____________ (曲線圖) shows how house prices have risen since the 1980s. 3. The information is processed in a(n) ____________ (任意的) order. 4. In dealing with this new ____________ (現(xiàn)象), I have two points to make. 5. Wood, coal, oil, petrol and gas are all different kinds of ____________ (燃料). 6. The ____________ (數(shù)據(jù)) suggests you are heavy cigarette smokers. 7. There’s been an upward ____________ (趨勢(shì)) in sales in the last few years. 8. Early warnings of rising water levels prevented another major ____________ (大災(zāi)難). 9. The heavy rain has caused ____________ (洪水) in many parts of the country. 10. A(n) ____________ (一瞥) at my watch showed that it was nearly five and I was bored to death. 【答案】 1. consequence 2. graph 3. random 4. phenomenon 5. fuel(s) 6. data 7. trend 8. catastrophe 9. floods 10. glance Ⅱ.用框內(nèi)短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式完成句子 at random，quantities of，build up，result in，go up, glance at， e about，oppose to，subscribe to，keep on ①He 　　　　 laughing even after everyone else had fallen silent. ②Don’t worry. We have stored 　　　　 food already. ③ Eating too much fat and sugar will 　　　　not only overweight but also heart disease. ④I have　　　　 many English magazines and newspapers in order to broaden my mind. ⑤How did it 　　　　that he knew where we were? ⑥Each time cigarettes　　　　 in price, Tom makes up his mind to give up smoking. ⑦Running helps to　　　　my leg muscles. ⑧Many members　　　　 my proposal during the discussion yesterday, which upset me greatly. ⑨Tom　　　　the book and recognized that it was his lost book. ⑩ The market researchers interviewed people 　　　　in the street. 【答案】 Ⅲ. 完成句子 1. As is reported, the accident ____________________ ten deaths. (result) 據(jù)報(bào)道，這次事故造成10人死亡。 2. Many quarrels____________________ between them because they often misunderstand each other. (e) 由于他們互相誤解，發(fā)生了很多爭(zhēng)吵。 3. He didn’t____________________ my proposal that we should stay here for another two days. (subscribe) 他不贊成我提出的我們應(yīng)在這里再待兩天的建議。 4. ____________________ that London Olympics was a great success. (doubt) 毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，倫敦奧運(yùn)會(huì)是一個(gè)巨大成功。 5. He____________________ after the accident. (consume) 那次事故以后他深感內(nèi)疚。 6.____________________ your house, ours is quite small. (pare) 和你的房子相比較，我們的太小了。 7.____________________ drugs are found in his car. (quantity) 他的車上發(fā)現(xiàn)了大量毒品。 8. She is quite nice, but she____________________ too much.(tend) 她不錯(cuò)，就往往太嘮叨了。 9. ____________________ all around the town. (go) 城里到處都在建新房子。 10. Students discuss ideas, as____________________ just copying from books. (oppose) 學(xué)生們常討論一些觀念，而不是單純抄襲課本。 【答案】 1. resulted in 2. have e about 3. subscribe to 4. There is no doubt 5. was consumed with guilt 6. pared to 7. Quantities of 8. has a tendency to talk 9. New houses are going up 10. opposed to Ⅳ. 單句改錯(cuò) 1. There is no doubt whether those working hard can pass the exam easily. 2. English is a language shared by several diverse cultures，each of them uses it differently. 3. Large quantities of rain is needed in this area. 4. He has a wide range of interests，range from chess to canoeing. 5. When the teacher came in，they still kept on to talking. 【答案】 1.whether―→that　 2.them―→which　 3.is―→are　 4.第二個(gè)range―→ranging　 5.去掉 to Ⅴ. 用適當(dāng)?shù)亩陶Z(yǔ)完成句子 1.The organization devotes itself to the peace of the world, and it (反對(duì)) war strongly. 2.I don’ t (訂閱) any magazines, but I buy them occasionally at newsstands. 3.I wonder how it (發(fā)生) that she was two hours late on such a short trip. 4.We will have the meeting in the classroom (而不是) in the great hall. 5.With the prices (上升), we now buy less with the same amount of money. 6. (一方面), she taught English; on the other hand, she learned Chinese. 7.I hope you will (贊成) my opinion that our teacher’ s advice is excellent. 8.The children seemed bored because she (一直) telling them the same story over and over. 【答案】 1. is opposed to 2. subscribe to 3. came about 4. rather than 5. going up 6. On the one hand 7. agree with 8. kept on Ⅰ. 完形填空 閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從各小題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng) (A、B、C和D) 中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 Today the scientific munity is in almost total agreement that the earth’s climate is changing and that this represents a huge threat to the planet and to us. According to a survey, with only 69% accepting the earth is warming— only 1/4 Americans see global warming as a major threat, public opinion 1 the scientific conclusion. Climate scientists and campaigners have long debated how to better municate the message to nonexperts so that climate science can be 2 into action. According to Christopher Rapley, the usual tactic(策略) of climate experts to provide the public with information isn’t 3 because ＂it does not address key potential causes.＂ We are all exposed to the evidence of climate change on an almost a daily basis. The information is almost 4 . Then what’s wrong? 5 our brains. Daniel Gilbert mentioned our brains’ failure to accurately notice gradual change. Robert Gifford also __6__ the point about our brains’ difficulty in grasping climate change because of limited cognition and social __7__ with other people (＂Why should we change if X won’t?＂) .＂ A more powerful barrier is the 8 of perceived(感知的) behavioral control; ‘I’ m only one person; what can I do ?’ is certainly a big one.＂ For many, the first challenge will be in recognizing barriers 9 they can overe them. But for those of us who understand that climate change is a problem yet make little effort to cut the number of overseas trips we make or the amount of meat we consume, neither the uncaring attitude nor denial really explains the 10 between our actions and beliefs. Lertzman has e to the conclusion that the conflict between __11 _ both the planet and our way of life is too painful to bear. ＂When we don’t 12 the pain of that, that’s when we get 13 and can’t move forward.＂ Lertzman refers to this 14 as ＂environmental melancholia(憂郁癥),＂ and points out that there’s a lot to be said for providing a means 15 acceptable to talk about.＂ Rosemary Randall suggests that climate change is such a(n) 16 subject that it ＂can raise fears and anxieties that people feel have no 17 in polite conversation.＂ Lertzman says the munity has been slow to realize the value of psychology. Gifford says otherwise, __18__ —＂climate change, and not mental health, is the biggest psychological problem＂. Despite the pain, shame, difficulty in fully addressing climate change, both Lertzman and Gifford are still __19__ about our ability to face up to the challenge. ＂There can’t be anything about the human mind that stops us struggling with these issues given that so many people 20 are — maybe that’s what we should be focusing on instead.＂ says Lertzman. 1. A. accounts for B. falls behind C. wishes for D. leaves behind 2. A. translated B. sprung C. forced D. sent 3. A. revolutionary B. detailed C. popular D. enough 4. A. unreliable B. unbearable C. unacceptable D. unavoidable 5. A. Submit B. Control C. Blame D. Curse 6. A. picks up on B. gets down to C. throws back on D. looks up to 7. A. connections B. parisons C. petence D. development 8. A. sense B. problem C. lack D. effect 9. A. if B. though C. before D. since 10. A. relationship B. disagreement C. gap D. balance 11. A. caring about B. taking on C. fighting against D. putting away 12. A. feel B. process C. remember D. hide 13. A. hit B. puzzled C. stuck D. stressed 14. A. conflict B. event C. hesitation D. inability 15. A. socially B. environmentally C. culturally D. morally 16. A. plex B. controversial C. awkward D. disturbing 17. A. idea B. goal C. place D. choice 18. A. somehow B. however C. therefore D. either 19. A. optimistic B. concerned C. cheerful D. encouraged 20. A. equally B. still C. especially D. already 【文章大意】本文講述的是人們對(duì)氣候變化應(yīng)該抱有一種健康積極的心態(tài)。 4. D unreliable＂不可靠的＂；unbearable＂難以忍受的＂；unacceptable＂無(wú)法接受的＂；unavoidable＂不可避免的＂。句意：這種信息幾乎是不可避免的。故選D。 5. C submit＂主張＂；control＂控制＂；blame＂責(zé)備＂；curse＂詛咒＂。句意：這是怎么了？責(zé)備我們的智力吧。故選C。 11. A caring about＂關(guān)心＂；taking on＂承擔(dān)＂；fighting against＂對(duì)抗，反對(duì)＂；putting away＂放好；拋棄＂。句意：Lertzman得出了一個(gè)結(jié)論，忍受關(guān)心地球和關(guān)心我們生活的方式之間的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)太痛苦了。故選A。 12. B feel＂感覺＂；process＂處理，加工＂；remember＂記得＂；hide＂隱藏，隱瞞＂。句意：當(dāng)我們不處理那樣的痛苦的時(shí)候，就是我們被卡住不能前進(jìn)的時(shí)候。故選B。 13. C hit＂打擊，襲擊＂；puzzled＂困惑的，茫然的＂；stuck＂被卡住的，不能動(dòng)的＂；stressed＂緊張的；感到有壓力的＂。句意：當(dāng)我們不處理那樣的痛苦的時(shí)候，就是我們被卡住不能前進(jìn)的時(shí)候。故選C。 14. D conflict＂沖突，矛盾＂；event＂事件，大事＂；hesitation＂猶豫＂；inability＂無(wú)能力，無(wú)才能＂。句意：Lertzman把這種無(wú)能為力稱作憂郁癥。故選D。 15. A socially＂在社會(huì)上，在社交方面，善于交際地＂；environmentally＂有關(guān)環(huán)境方面地＂；culturally＂從文化角度，文化意義上，在人文學(xué)方面＂；morally＂道德上，有道德地，確實(shí)地＂。句意：還指出，對(duì)于提供一種被社會(huì)廣泛接受的談?wù)摰姆椒?，還有很多需要講的。故選A。 16. D plex＂復(fù)雜的，合成的＂；controversial＂有爭(zhēng)議的，有爭(zhēng)論的＂；awkward＂尷尬的，笨拙的，棘手的，不合適的＂；disturbing＂令人不安的，煩擾的＂。句意：Rosemary Randall提出氣候變化是一個(gè)＂會(huì)引起恐懼和和擔(dān)憂的、人們感覺不應(yīng)該在禮貌的交談中發(fā)生的＂主題。故選D。 17. C idea＂想法，主意，概念＂；goal ＂目標(biāo)，球門，得分?jǐn)?shù)，終點(diǎn)＂；place＂地方，住所，座位＂；choice＂選擇，選擇權(quán)，精選品＂。have no place in＂不應(yīng)該發(fā)生＂。句意：Rosemary Randall提出氣候變化是一個(gè)＂會(huì)引起恐懼和和擔(dān)憂的、人們感覺不應(yīng)該在禮貌的交談中發(fā)生的＂主題。故選C。 Ⅱ. 七選五型閱讀理解 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。 Recently some American scientists have given a useful piece of advice to people in industrialized nations. They say people should eat more of the same kind of food eaten by humans living more than 10,000 years ago. 　1　 The scientists say that the human life has changed greatly. Our bodies have not been able to deal with these changes in lifestyle and this had led to new kinds of sicknesses. 　2　So they are called “diseases of civilization”. Many cancers and diseases of the blood system are examples of such diseases. Scientists noted that people in both the Old Stone Age and the New Stone Age enjoyed very little alcohol or tobacco, probably none. 　3 　However, a change in food is one of the main differences between life in ancient times and that of today. Stone Age people hunted wild animals for their meat, which had much less fat than domestic ones. They ate a lot of fresh wild vegetables and fruits. They did not have milk or any other dairy products, and they made very little use of grains. 　4　We eat six times more salt than our ancestors. We eat more sugar. We eat twice as much fat but only one third as much protein and much less vitamin C. 5 But scientists say that we would be much healthier if we eat much the same way the ancient people did, cutting the amount of fatty, salty and sweet food. A. Stone Age people lived a simple life. B. But today, we enjoy eating a lot of these. C. In that case, they would live much healthier. D. Ancient people also got lots of physical exercise. E. These new sicknesses were not known in ancient times. F. People today probably don’t want to live like our ancestors. G. Modern people used to suffer from “diseases of civilization”. 【語(yǔ)篇解讀】最近，一些美國(guó)科學(xué)家給工業(yè)化國(guó)家的人們提供了一條有用的建議。他們說(shuō)人們應(yīng)該多吃一萬(wàn)年前的人類所吃的同樣的食物。 Ⅲ. 語(yǔ)法填空 閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 Walking down the city streets, you look up and see 1 　red telephone box. Behind it, on the road, a big red double-floor bus passes by, 2 　(carry) citizens and tourists. This is London. And the red is what the city is famous 3 　. Modern transportation has changed the way we lead our lives. One important means of transport has been the bus. In London, buses take on a bigger role. They are used to visit the city. Red tourist buses have open 　4　(roof), which let people take photos, have an amazing view of the city and enjoy 　5 　(them) as they drive past Big Ben, the Thames and so on. But how did the bus bee unique to London culture? Horse-drawn buses enjoy a history of more than 180 years. They 　6 (use) in London since 1829. By the early 20th century, motor-buses were driving around London. Bus panies used different colors at the time. One of the 　7 　(big) panies chose red because the bright colour made 　8 　easy for the citizens to pick out the bus. In 1933, when London transport was grouped into a single pany, they chose the most 　9 　(wide)used color at the time-red. And so the color red stayed in London. But it was in the mid-1950s 　10 　the red double-floor was born. Its name is the Routemaster. Built between 1954 and 1968, they still look traditional. Like they have been frozen in time. 【語(yǔ)篇解讀】文章對(duì)英國(guó)倫敦的公交車為什么選擇紅色作為裝飾顏色進(jìn)行了介紹。 1.（xx ? 浙江卷改編）We tend to have a better memory for things that excite our senses or ___________ our emotions than for straight facts. A. block off B. appeal to C. subscribe to D. e across 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我們趨向于對(duì)一些事情記得比較清楚，這些東西是讓我們激動(dòng)或者是吸引我們的。block off封鎖；appeal to吸引；subscribe to訂閱；e across遇到。 2.（xx ? 廣東卷）On the contrary, those who let teenagers experience the of their actions can do better. For example, when teenagers who don’t help their parents with the shopping don’t find their favorite drink in the refrigerator, they are forced to reconsider their actions. A. failures B. changes C. consequences D. thrills 【答案】C 3.（xx ? 新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷III改編）One afternoon, I was crossing the field to go home and saw Miller stuck going over a fence — which wasn’t to climb if you had both arms. A. steady B. hard C. fun D. fit 【答案】B 【解析】考查形容詞辨析。steady穩(wěn)定的；hard困難的；fun有趣的；fit合適的，健康的。此處是說(shuō)，手臂健全的人翻籬笆不費(fèi)吹灰之力，故選B。 4.（xx ? 北京）You won’t find paper cutting difficult ___________ you keep practicing it. A. even if B. as long as C. as if D. ever since 【答案】B 【解析】句意：只要你不斷練習(xí)，你就不會(huì)覺得剪紙很難。even if即使，雖然；as long as只要；as if猶如，好像；ever since自從。結(jié)合句意可知選B。 5. （xx﹒江蘇）—Can you tell us your for happiness and a long life? —Living every day to the full, definitely. A. recipe B. record C. range D. receipt 【答案】A 【解析】考查名詞。本題談?wù)摰氖切腋：烷L(zhǎng)壽的秘訣,因此選擇recipe。 recipe除了可以表示"食譜",還 可以表示"秘訣"。