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2019年高考英語(yǔ)大一輪復(fù)習(xí) 單元檢測(cè)卷13 Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank Note 新人教版必修3 Ⅰ.閱讀理解 Just as the summer draws to a close, I will finally get away on holiday: I have rented a cottage deep in the mountains at the end of the month. What attracted me most was not so much its beautiful countryside, but the word of caution offered by previous visitors. “Please note，” they said, “there is no WiFi here or mobile phone coverage, unless you climb to the top of the nearest mountain.” That's wonderful! A week without feeling the need to check my email for the handful of important messages. While you can always choose not to check your email while on holiday, how many of us have the willpower to ignore the arrival of yet another message, or how many of us can risk losing trust from your boss? There is good news for the employees. The managers of the German car giant Daimler have offered their 100,000 employees an app that automatically deletes all emails sent to their work accounts while they are on holiday. Alternatively, they can be forwarded to a colleague. “Our employees should relax on holiday and not read work-life emails，” said Wilfried Porth, Daimler's board member for human resources. “With ‘Mail on Holiday’， they start back after the holidays with a clean desk. There is no traffic jam in their mailbox. That is an emotional relief.” The idea of a regular digital detox(禁令) is catching on. The Germans believe that it restores a more sensible work-life balance and helps prevent employee “burn-out”. Volkswagen's phone servers have stopped sending emails to employees' BlackBerrys during the evenings. Bosses at Deutsche Telekom agreed to stop sending emails to staff during the evenings, weekends and holidays. Germany's labour ministry, meanwhile, has also instructed its managers to stop emailing or calling staff out-of-hours except in an emergency. So, good for Daimler. It recognizes that too many of us have been unable to look up from our phones or iPads. I can't wait to get up to that cottage without any internet connection.Though doubtless after a day or two, I'll be climbing up the nearest mountain, desperately searching for a mobile signal. 語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀 本文為說(shuō)明文，介紹了一款A(yù)PP，其功能是過(guò)濾郵件，讓員工享有不受工作郵件干擾的假期。 1．What makes the author happy about his vacation? A．Beautiful scenery. B．No mobile signals. C．Access only to vital emails. D．Disappearance from the boss. 解析 B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二、三句可知，沒有WiFi，沒有手機(jī)信號(hào)覆蓋，可以不受電話和工作郵件的打擾，故選B項(xiàng)。 2．What is the advantage of “Mail on Holiday”？ A．It can help clean desks. B．It can delete work accounts. C．It can provide traffic information. D．It can forward emails to workmates. 解析 D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段…they can be forwarded to a colleague可知，此款A(yù)PP的功能是可以將郵件轉(zhuǎn)寄給同事，故選D項(xiàng)。 3．What's the purpose of digital detox? A．To reduce emails. B．To stop using phones in the evenings. C．To call for help in case of emergency. D．To keep balance between work and life. 解析 D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。 根據(jù)第四段第二句可知，digital detox能讓員工在工作和生活之間重新建立一種合理的平衡，也有助于避免讓員工過(guò)度勞累，故選D項(xiàng)。 4．What do we know about the author from the last paragraph? A．He finds the cottage boring. B．He needs digital service badly. C．He enjoys life without phones. D．He likes climbing the mountains. 解析 B　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段可知，作者強(qiáng)調(diào)的是最后一句，即使去了沒有信號(hào)的地方度假，過(guò)不了幾天也會(huì)拼命地去搜索手機(jī)信號(hào)，故選B項(xiàng)。 B If you're ever reading a book or watching a movie and get the clear feeling that you've e across the story before—or even better, can predict exactly what's going to happen next—there could be a good reason for that. Researchers from the putational Story Laboratory at the University of Vermont studied the plete text of some 1,737 fiction works available on Project Gutenberg, an online collection of more than 50,000 digital books in the public area. They discovered that English literature consist of just six kinds of emotional arcs(情感弧線) that make up nearly all of the most well-known stories. By analyzing the sentiment(情感)of language used in these texts, the researchers were able to show the emotional ups and downs for the stories as a whole. They discovered that negative words like “poverty”， “dead”， and “punishment” dragged the emotion down, while positive terms like “l(fā)ove”， “peace”， and “friend” brought it up. According to the researchers, those six core emotional arcs are： “Rags to riches” (An ongoing emotional rise) “Tragedy, or riches to rags” (An ongoing emotional fall) “Man in a hole” (A fall followed by a rise) “Icarus” (A rise followed by a fall) “Cinderella” (Rise-fall-rise) “Oedipus” (Fall-rise-fall) Interestingly, based on download statistics from Project Gutenberg, the researchers say the most popular stories are ones that use more plex emotional arcs, with the Cinderella and Oedipus arcs registering the most downloads. Also popular are works that bine these core arcs together in new ways within one story, such as two “Man in a hole” arcs stuck together, or the “Cinderella” arc coupled with a tragic ending. 語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀 本文為說(shuō)明文。當(dāng)你看一本書時(shí)，你是否經(jīng)常會(huì)感到情節(jié)似曾相識(shí)？又或者看見開頭就猜到了結(jié)局？據(jù)說(shuō)，所有英文小說(shuō)都逃不過(guò)這六種套路…… 5．Readers often feel familiar when reading a new story because stories have similar ____________. A．beginnings B．endings C．characters D．emotional arcs 解析 D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句可知，英語(yǔ)文學(xué)中只包含六種情感弧線，而幾乎所有的名著都是由這六種情感弧線構(gòu)成的，故選D項(xiàng)。 6．How did researchers carry out their study? A．By conducting surveys among readers. B．By reading books borrowed from libraries. C．By analyzing works from an online collection. D．By interviewing authors of the well-known stories. 解析 C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句可知，佛蒙特大學(xué)的研究員們從古登堡計(jì)劃(內(nèi)含5萬(wàn)多本公版電子書的線上書庫(kù))上找到并研究了大約1 737部小說(shuō)的完整文本，故選C項(xiàng)。 7．Which set of words may drag emotion down? A．Hope, fortune and riches. B．Disease, murder and war. C．Smile, health and beauty. D．Cold, earthquake and spring. 解析 B　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第四句可知，負(fù)面詞匯會(huì)使人情緒低落，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，只有B項(xiàng)的三個(gè)單詞“疾病、謀殺、戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)”皆為負(fù)面詞匯，故選B項(xiàng)。 8．According to the last paragraph, which kind of works are the most popular among readers? A．Works with an ongoing emotional rise. B．Works with an ongoing emotional fall. C．Works with a rise followed by a fall. D．Works with more than one rise and fall. 解析 D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)末段中的…the most popular stories are ones that use more plex emotional arcs可知，最受歡迎的故事是那些使用更復(fù)雜情感弧線的，故選D項(xiàng)。 Ⅱ.語(yǔ)法填空 (xx·河北正定中學(xué)高三一檢)Whenever Prince George steps out for an engagement, like on the royal tour of Canada, or poses for 1．__official__ (office) photographs, he only ever wears shorts, 2．__which__ has long confused royal watchers. According to William Hanson, 3．__an__ expert in ceremony, there's a very good reason for this—and it has nothing to do 4．__with__ fashion, but rather a royal tradition that 5．__dates__ (date) back to the sixteenth century. A new born baby would 6．__be dressed__ (dress) in a gown for his first year or two. Then he was “breeched(穿褲禮)” and wore articles of clothing like shorts. The usual custom is that a boy graduates to trousers around eight years old. With times 7．__changing__ (change), middle-class boys began to wear trousers but they are considered suburban(呆板的) by the upper. Hanson explains, “8.__It__ is a very English thing to dress a young boy in shorts.” The British upper are always keen to hold on to the tradition, and this also 9．__silently__ (silent) marks them out from “the rest”. However, as for William and Kate, the 10．__decision__ (decide) to dress George in shorts is more likely down to the tradition than a class issue. 語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀 本文為說(shuō)明文，介紹了英國(guó)皇室兒童的穿著傳統(tǒng)。 1．official　解析 考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意：無(wú)論何時(shí)喬治王子出去應(yīng)約，比如去加拿大進(jìn)行皇家旅行，或者為拍攝官方照片擺造型，他只穿短褲，這一點(diǎn)長(zhǎng)久以來(lái)困惑著王室觀察者們?？仗幮揎椕~photographs，應(yīng)用形容詞。 2．which　解析 考查連詞?？仗幰龑?dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞指代前面整句話，故用which引導(dǎo)。 3．a(chǎn)n　解析 考查冠詞。句意：據(jù)一位儀式專家威廉·漢森稱，這樣做有個(gè)非常合理的原因——那就是它跟時(shí)尚無(wú)關(guān)，而是一個(gè)可以追溯到16世紀(jì)的皇家傳統(tǒng)。expert以元音音素開頭，而且是泛指，故只能用不定冠詞an修飾。 4．with　解析 考查介詞。have nothing to do with和……無(wú)關(guān)，為固定搭配。 5．dates　解析 考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，指代先行詞a royal tradition，空處作從句的謂語(yǔ)，根據(jù)主句時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)可知，從句也應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。date back to追溯至……，為固定搭配。 6．be dressed　解析 考查語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：在出生后一到兩年內(nèi)，新出生的嬰兒會(huì)穿長(zhǎng)袍。dress穿著；打扮，為及物動(dòng)詞，常用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。be dressed in穿著……，為固定搭配。 7．changing　解析 考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：隨著時(shí)代的變化，中產(chǎn)階級(jí)的男孩們開始穿長(zhǎng)褲，但是上層階級(jí)認(rèn)為這很土氣。此處考查“with＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓補(bǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)，times和change之間為邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)。 8．It　解析 考查代詞。句意：給小孩子穿短褲是一件很有英式風(fēng)格的事情。根據(jù)句意及句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此句真正的主語(yǔ)為不定式to dress a young boy in shorts，應(yīng)用It作形式主語(yǔ)。 9．silently　解析 考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意：英國(guó)上層階級(jí)總是熱衷于堅(jiān)守傳統(tǒng)，而這一點(diǎn)也使他們悄無(wú)聲息地(silently)將自己和“其他人”區(qū)別開來(lái)?？蘸鬄閯?dòng)詞marks，結(jié)合句意，此處需用副詞修飾動(dòng)詞，故用silently。 10．decision　解析 考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意：然而，至于威廉王子和凱特王妃給喬治王子穿短褲的決定更可能是因?yàn)閭鹘y(tǒng)，而不是階級(jí)原因。空處前有定冠詞the修飾，且在句中作主語(yǔ)，指“這個(gè)決定”，故應(yīng)用單數(shù)名詞。 Ⅲ.短文改錯(cuò) (xx·武漢二中高三月考)Several American students visited our school. Upon ① arrival, we gave a warm wele to them, among ② a boy named Tim was to stay with my family for the weekend. I recognized Tim ③ him with ④ photo he had sent to me. Tim greeted me and expressed that ⑤ how ⑥ he felt. When school was over, we took the subway home. My parents prepared a rich family dinner that night and we enjoyed ourselves so much, eating and chatting. The next day, I ⑦ as a guide, showing Tim ⑧ the most famous scenic spots in Beijing. Wherever he went, he had some photos ⑨ to help him memorize this unforgettable trip to China. The time to say goodbye came ⑩ we realized it. I gave Tim a kite as a souvenir. ① 解析 此處應(yīng)是指“他們”一到達(dá)，故用their。 ② 解析 這是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是them，指代上文中的American students，且關(guān)系代詞在從句中作among的賓語(yǔ)，故用whom。 ③ 解析 現(xiàn)在分詞用作方式狀語(yǔ)。 ④ 解析 名詞photo后有一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句修飾，是特指的。 ⑤ 解析 句中how是引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞，that是多余的。 ⑥ 解析 excited是過(guò)去分詞用作felt的表語(yǔ)，表明he所處的狀態(tài)。 ⑦ 解析 此處是過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。 ⑧ 解析 show…around帶……參觀。 ⑨ 解析 have sth done過(guò)去分詞用作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，表明動(dòng)詞與其前的賓語(yǔ)之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。 ⑩ 解析 before在此處表示“不知不覺，還沒弄清楚就……”。常用于before sb know/realize…。 Ⅳ.書面表達(dá) 假定你是李華，你與外教Henry約好本周日騎自行車去郊游，因?yàn)樘鞖庠蚧顒?dòng)被推遲。請(qǐng)給他寫封信說(shuō)明情況并另約時(shí)間。 注意：1．詞數(shù)100左右； 2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。 【參考范文】 Dear Henry， I'm sorry to tell you that we'll have to put off our outing scheduled for this Sunday because there will be a heavy rain. Located about ten miles west of the city, our destination is within easy reach by bike and it's a good place to get close to nature. But what bad luck that we can't make it this time! Anyhow, we can go outing another time. How would you like it if we fix it next Sunday morning? Checking online, I have confirmed that it will be sunny then, and I'll be available then. I wonder if the time will suit you. Looking forward to hearing from you. Yours， Li Hua