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Module 3 Life now and then Unit 3 Language in use,,Language practice,People are wealthier today, and they live longer than they did in the past. But people don’t take as much exercise as they used to. More people have cars, and they walk or use their bikes less. We eat better and we live longer.,Grammar: 形容詞與副詞,形容詞和副詞的句法作用 1. 形容詞 形容詞一般放在名詞之前作定語(yǔ)，或放在系動(dòng)詞之后作表語(yǔ)，或作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。形容詞作定語(yǔ)，一般都是放在名詞之前，但若修飾不定代詞 something, anything等則后置。 We must keep our classroom clean. (賓補(bǔ)） They were kind and nice. (表語(yǔ)） Can you see the old tree there? (定語(yǔ)） Is there anything funny in the paper today?,2. 副詞： 副詞一般作狀語(yǔ)，修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞以及全句，表示程度、方式等。 注：副詞作狀語(yǔ)修飾動(dòng)詞，一般是后置，修飾 形容詞或副詞要前置。 Mr Wang works hard in school. Lily can speak Chinese very well. 頻度副詞：一般位于行為動(dòng)詞之前，系動(dòng)詞或 助動(dòng)詞之后。常見(jiàn)的有 always, often, sometimes, usually, seldom, never。 程度副詞：常置于形容詞或副詞之前。常見(jiàn)的 有very, much, quite, pretty, so 等。,形容詞和副詞的比較等級(jí) 一. 常用的比較級(jí)的句型： 1) A + 動(dòng)詞 + 比較級(jí) + than +B. Mary is younger than Betty. He got up earlier than I did this morning. 2) 主語(yǔ) + 動(dòng)詞 + the 比較級(jí) + of the two. (說(shuō)明：在of the two這樣的比較范圍或特指 哪一個(gè)時(shí)，比較級(jí)前要加the) Tom is the taller of the two. 湯姆是兩個(gè)中較高的那個(gè)。 Lily runs faster of the two. 莉莉是兩個(gè)中跑得較快的那個(gè)。,3) The + 比較級(jí), the + 比較級(jí), 表示“越……， 越……”。 The more you study, the more you know. 你學(xué)的越多，知道的越多。 The harder the test is, the lower marks we get. 測(cè)試題越難，我們的得分越少。 4) 比較級(jí) + and + 比較級(jí)，表示“越來(lái) 越……”。 The computer is cheaper and cheaper. 計(jì)算機(jī)越來(lái)越便宜。 He studies harder and harder. 他學(xué)習(xí)越來(lái)越努力。,二. 同級(jí)比較： 同級(jí)比較肯定句型: as…as… 否定句型: not so / as … as … He is as tall as his brother. He runs as fast as Jim. I can’t get up so early as you.,3. 常用的最高級(jí)句型： the + 最高級(jí) + of / in … She is the tallest girls in our class. This novel is the most interesting of the three.,2) 選擇疑問(wèn)句 Who is the tallest, Tom, Jack or Bill? 3) 被定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的先行詞 He is the most diligent student I have ever seen.,4. 比較級(jí)的修飾語(yǔ) 比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的修飾語(yǔ)應(yīng)置于其所修飾的形容詞或副詞之前。常見(jiàn)的比較級(jí)修飾語(yǔ)有：much, still, a lot, a little, even, three years, five times, far …等。如： People worked much harder then.,Complete the passage with the correct form of the words in brackets.,For many people, life is a lot (1) _______(easy) today. Medicine and diet are improving, and people are getting (2) _________ (healthy) and living (3) ________ (long). Buy communication is changing (4) _______ (fast) of all. Today, with the Internet, people can communicate (5) __________ (easily) than ever before with friends all over the world. Not all the changes are (6) _______ (good) ones. More people drive cars instead of riding bikes, so they are not as (7) ______ (fit) as they were. Increasing traffic makes the roads (8) ______________ (crowded) than ever, and it also makes pollution (9) _______ (bad). We must all work harder to reduce pollution.,easier,healthier,longer,fastest,more easily,good,fit,more crowed,worse,Look at the two pictures and talk about how the town has changed. Use the words in the box to help you.,work in pairs,big building busy house modern more shop street tall traffic tree,The sample answers,There are more cars in the street today than it was 50 years ago. 2. The buildings are much taller, much more beautiful and much newer. 3. The streets are much wider. 4. The environment is much better. 5. I can see people are much busier than before. 6. The life is much better than before. 7. There are more shops than before.,1 We _______ have time to go on holiday. 2 We do not have much ______ time because we have important exams this year. 3 Never go out in the ______ of the day without a hat. 4 You have to ________ because the students in the back cannot hear you. 5 Mr Smith is ________ a teacher. Most of his pupils think of him as their friend.,Complete the sentences with the words or expressions in the box.,heat more than seldom spare speak up,seldom,spare,heat,speak up,more than,1 There was not enough living space for people.,Read the email again. Find sentences that tell us:,People lived in very small houses, very close to each other, with no space for children to play. Families in those days were quite big. A whole street had to share one outside toilet.,2 Most of the big cities were dirty and unhealthy. 3 Life was harder for children in those times.,The pollution from factories covered the streets. People put their rubbish outside in the streets. As a result, there were many diseases.,Children didn’t always go to school, because they had to work. They did dangerous and unhealthy jobs for little money. Many were hurt in accidents from the machines.,Listening,Listen and complete the table.,8 6 14 22 18 24 4 1 50 55,Write a passage comparing the lives of the speaker’s grandmother and mother in Activity 6,The speaker’s grandmother and mother have lived very different lives. Her grandmother had a much bigger family…,Cars The modern car has changed life a great del. Before the invention of the car, people had to travel by rail, on horseback or by horse-drawn carriage, or on foot. Using horses for travel was slow, and of course walking was even slower. Cars allow people to ravel long distances quickly, in comfort and convenience. The car also solved an enormous problem caused by using horses for transport in cities: manure! There were so many horses in large cities that it was almost impossible to get rid of the manure. Modern people are used to the idea that cars cause pollution, but the first cars actually made cities cleaner!,Around the world,