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Unit 3 The Earth,Module 2 The natural world,,,自主預(yù)習(xí),一、根據(jù)漢語寫出英文單詞 1. 保護(hù) (v.) __________________ 2. 報(bào)告 (n.) __________________ 3. 提供 (v.) __________________ 4. 能量；能源 (n.) __________________ 5. 污染 (v.) __________________ 6. 重要的 (adj.) __________________ 7. 地面 (n.) __________________ 8. 問題；難題 (n.) __________________,protect,report,provide,energy,pollute,important,ground,problem,二、根據(jù)漢語寫出下列詞組 1. 扔掉 __________________ 2. 把……倒入…… __________________ 3. 為……提供…… __________________ 4. 許多 __________________ 5. 例如 __________________ 6. 保護(hù)地球 __________________,throw away,put.into.,provide.with.,a lot of,for example,protect the Earth,三、根據(jù)漢語補(bǔ)全句子，每空一詞 1. Some animals live __________ __________ __________（在陸地上）. Some fly __________ __________ __________（在天空中）. Some live __________ __________ __________（在水底）. 2. We __________ （燃燒）things to __________ __________ （制造能量）. 3. We must __________ __________ （停止做）these things. 4. It is __________ __________ __________ （對(duì)我們很重要）to protect the Earth for our future.  5. It __________ us __________ （使……活著）.,on,the,land,in,the,sky,under,the,water,burn,make,energy,stop,doing,important,for,us,keeps,alive,,,詞匯精析,【1】protect v. prevent sb. or sth. from being injured or damaged 保護(hù) We should protect our environment. 我們應(yīng)該保護(hù)我們的環(huán)境。 【同根詞】 protection n. 保護(hù)；保衛(wèi)；防護(hù)物 He wore a thick overcoat as a protection against the cold. 他穿著厚實(shí)的大衣以抵御嚴(yán)寒。 【拓展】 protect against/from 使免受 You need warm clothes to protect you against/ from the cold. 你需要穿暖和些以免受涼。,【應(yīng)用】 ( )We should protect ourselves _____ heart disease. A. with B. from C. off 【2】provide v. supply or offer 提供 Who will provide some useful information? 誰將提供一些有用的信息？ 【拓展】 provide sb.with sth.=provide sth.for sb.提供某人某物  We provide our children with food and clothes. =We provide food and clothes for our children. 我們供給孩子們衣食。,B,【應(yīng)用】 ( )The farm provides some vegetables ______ us. A. with B. to C. for 【3】pollution n. the process of making air, water, soil, etc. dirty; the state of being dirty 污染 There is much pollution in our city. 我們城市里有很多污染。 【同根詞】 pollute v. 污染=make sth. dirty polluted adj. 污染的 Smoking will pollute air. 抽煙污染空氣。  Where are the most polluted areas in the world? 世界上污染最嚴(yán)重的地區(qū)在哪里？,C,【應(yīng)用】 (1)There are many kinds of ________(pollute) around us. (2)The river is badly __________ (pollute). 【4】energy n. the ability and strength to do active physical things and the feeling that you are full of physical power and life 能量； a source of power, such as fuel, used for driving machines, providing heat, etc. 能源 Young people usually have more energy than the old. 年輕人通常比老年人更有活力。,pollution,polluted,【同根詞】 energetic adj. 有活力的 He is an energetic boy. He enjoys sports. 他是一個(gè)有活力的男孩。他喜歡運(yùn)動(dòng)。 【辨析】energy與power energy指本身具有的能量、精力；power是指被賦予的一種力量、權(quán)力。 He is always full of energy. 他總是充滿活力。 He wants to get the power. 他想得到權(quán)力。 【應(yīng)用】 You should exercise more to keep __________ (energy).,energetic,【5】must v. used to say that sth. is necessary or very important 必須；used to say that sth. is likely or logical 一定 We must stop polluting the river. 我們必須停止污染河流。 【拓展】  （1）must表示堅(jiān)定的建議。 You must come and see us as soon as you get to Shanghai. 你一到上海就得馬上來看我們。  （2）must表示很有把握的推測(cè)，一般用在肯定句中，意為“一定；肯定”；當(dāng)表示否定推測(cè)時(shí)，用can’t。 He must be ill. He looks so pale. 他肯定是病了。他的臉色那么蒼白。,Our new teacher is a man, so she can’t be our new teacher. 我們的新老師是個(gè)男的，所以她不可能是我們的新老師。 （3）must的否定形式mustn’t意為“禁止；不許”。 You mustn’t smoke in the public. 公眾場(chǎng)合禁止吸煙。 （4）must 用在疑問句中，其肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn’t 或者don’t have to。  —Must I clean the dining room at once? 我必須馬上打掃飯廳嗎？  —Yes, you must. 是的，你必須。/No, you needn’t/don’t have to. 不，你不必。,【辨析】（1）must 與 have to  兩者都表示“必須”，但 must 側(cè)重于說話者的主觀看法，認(rèn)為有必要去做某事；have to則側(cè)重于客觀需要，含有“不得不”或“被迫”之意。 We must go at once. 我們必須馬上就走。 If I buy that house, I’ll have to borrow some money. 如果我要買那套房子, 我不得不借些錢。 （2）must, may與can  三者表推測(cè)的程度時(shí)，must 最強(qiáng)，can次之，may最沒把握。,【應(yīng)用】 （1）( )Bob can not come out to play because he ______ help Dad in the garden.  A.can B. must C. has to （2）( )—______ I finish my homework now? —No, you ______. Your work is over today. A. Can’t; must B. Must； don’t have to C. May； couldn’t D. Couldn’t；could,C,B,【6】important adj. of great significance or value 重要的 It’s important for us to learn English well. 對(duì)我們來說學(xué)好英語很重要。 【同根詞】 importance n. 重要性 You should know the importance of study. 你應(yīng)該知道學(xué)習(xí)的重要性。 【應(yīng)用】 (1)Do you know the __________ (important)of education? (2)It is _________ (important)to study the history of China.,importance,important,【7】fact n. the event known to have happened or something known to have existed 事實(shí) We must learn to accept the fact. 我們必須學(xué)會(huì)接受事實(shí)。 【拓展】 in fact=as a matter of fact事實(shí)上 In fact, this is a sad story.=As a matter of fact, this is a sad story. 實(shí)際上，這是一個(gè)悲傷的故事。 【應(yīng)用】 ( )______ fact, he made a wrong decision. A. On B. In C. With,B,【8】own adj. used to emphasize that sth. belongs to or is connected with sb. (用于強(qiáng)調(diào))自己的，本人的； v. to have sth. that belongs to you, especially you have bought it 擁有，有 He bought a new house by using his own money.他用自己的錢買了一幢新房子。 I own a big house with a garden. 我擁有一個(gè)帶花園的大房子。 【同根詞】 owner n. 主人；擁有者  I am the owner of that car.=That car is mine.= That car belongs to me.我是那輛車的主人。,【辨析】have 與 own （1）have意為“有”，可用于表示某人有某物。它不但可以表示有生命及無生命的物體之間的所屬關(guān)系，還可表示部分與整體的關(guān)系，或指精神、身體上的特點(diǎn)。主語既可以是人，也可以是物。 （2）own指具有在法律上的所有權(quán)。即使不在身邊的東西，只要擁有法律上的所有權(quán)就用own，其主語往往是人。 A desk has four legs.桌子有四條腿。 Who owns this house?這房子歸誰所有? 【應(yīng)用】 I want to see the __________ (own) of the company.,owner,【9】few adj. an indefinite but relatively small number 不多；很少 Few of us have been to Hong Kong. 我們當(dāng)中很少人去過香港。 【辨析】few, a few, little與a little (1)few 和a few修飾復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞；little 和a little 修飾不可數(shù)名詞。 a few/few questions 幾個(gè)/沒幾個(gè)問題 a little/little money 一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)/沒什么錢 (2)a few 和a little 是表示肯定意義的詞組，而few 和little 是表示基本否定的詞。 His theory is very difficult, and few people understand it. 他的理論很深?yuàn)W，沒有幾個(gè)人能懂。 His theory is very difficult, but a few people understand it. 他的理論很深?yuàn)W，但是有些人懂。,Unfortunately, I had little money on me. 很不巧，我身上沒帶什么錢。 Fortunately, I had a little money on me. 幸好我身上帶著一點(diǎn)錢。 【應(yīng)用】 ( )He has ______ friends, so he always feels lonely. A. few B. a few C. little 【10】problem n. a state of difficulty that needs to be resolved 問題；難題 What problems do we have?我們有什么難題？ 【辨析】problem與question problem和question都可意為“問題”，但用法卻不盡相同。,A,(1)problem指說話者認(rèn)為難以解決的問題，它常與動(dòng)詞 solve或settle（解決）搭配；而 question指說話者需要尋找答案的問題，它常與動(dòng)詞ask或answer連用。 The problem is difficult to be solved.這個(gè)問題很難解決。  May I ask you some questions？我可以問你一些問題嗎？ (2)problem可用于表示數(shù)學(xué)或物理的習(xí)題，而question則無此用法。 Can you work out this Maths problem？你能算出這道數(shù)學(xué)題嗎？,【應(yīng)用】 ( )The ______ of pollution becomes more and more serious today. A. problem B. question C. problems,A,語法梳理,,語法精講,一、可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞 名詞分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞。個(gè)體名詞和集體名詞屬于可數(shù)名詞，抽象名詞屬于不可數(shù)名詞。 可數(shù)名詞通常有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)形式，而不可數(shù)名詞通常沒有單復(fù)數(shù)之分，故不能在不可數(shù)名詞前用數(shù)詞或a/an修飾，但可以用some, any, a lot of, lots of, much, a little 等修飾。若表示不可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量時(shí)，一般用“數(shù)詞+量詞+of+不可數(shù)名詞”，如:a piece of news 一則新聞。,常見的不可數(shù)名詞有： news, advice, information, furniture, water, milk, bread, fun, work（注意：work意為“作品；著作”時(shí)是可數(shù)名詞）, housework, homework, weather, fruit, sugar, clothing, traffic, rice, beef, meat, music, rubbish, air, money, ink, tea, progress等。  二、there be句型 1. there be句型表示“有”，表示一種存在關(guān)系，be動(dòng)詞后面的名詞才是句子的真正主語。be動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于其后面的名詞，若名詞是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞，則be動(dòng)詞用is/was；若名詞是復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，則be動(dòng)詞用are/were。there be句型的疑問句只要把be動(dòng)詞提到there前面即可。,There is a book on the desk. 桌上有一本書。 There are two pens on the desk. 桌上有兩支筆。 —Is there any water here? 這里有水嗎？ —Yes, there is. /No, there isn’t. 是的，有水。/不，沒有水。 2. 句子中有幾個(gè)并列主語時(shí)，be動(dòng)詞與靠近它的第一個(gè)主語保持一致，即“就近原則”。 There is a book and two pens on the desk. 桌上有一本書和兩支筆。 There are two pens and a book on the desk. 桌上有兩支筆和一本書。,直擊中考,( )1. —After P.E., I often feel very thirsty. —Why not buy some______to drink? （2014達(dá)州） A. bread B. noodles C. apple juice D. teas ( )2. — What a good______you’ve given me! Thanks a lot.  —My pleasure.  （2014揚(yáng)州） A. information B. news C. suggestion D. advice ( )3. When Peter comes, please ask him to leave a______. （2014呼和浩特） A. notice B. message C. sentence D. information,C,C,B,寫作樂園,話題三 如何保護(hù)環(huán)境 【常用詞組】 1. save the energy 節(jié)約能源 2. pollute the air 污染空氣 3. stop doing sth.停止做某事 4. use.instead of. 用……取代…… 5. provide.with. 為……提供…… 6. make the Earth better 讓地球變得更好 7. for our future 為了我們的將來 8. live better 生活得更好 9. as we all know 眾所周知,【精彩句型】 1. A good environment provides us with clean air. 一個(gè)好的環(huán)境能為我們提供清新的空氣。 2. A lot of pollution comes from. 很多污染來自…… 3. It’s everyone’s duty to protect. 保護(hù)……是每個(gè)人的責(zé)任。 4. Good environment keeps us live better. 好的環(huán)境讓我們生活得更美好。 5. We should try our best to stop polluting. 我們應(yīng)該盡最大的努力停止對(duì)……的污染。 6. Using bikes can save energy. 使用自行車可以節(jié)省能源。 7. Riding a bike is better than driving a car. 騎自行車比開車好。,8. It can help us keep fit. 它能幫助我們保持健康。 【短文寫作】 為了節(jié)能環(huán)保，方便出行，提高生活質(zhì)量，你來到深圳東湖公園向市民宣傳“多使用自行車出行”的理念。請(qǐng)根據(jù)下面的提示寫一篇演講稿。 提示： 1. 闡述空氣污染問題，指出保護(hù)環(huán)境、享受低碳 (low-carbon)生活的重要性； 2. 倡導(dǎo)大家多騎自行車出行 (請(qǐng)列出至少兩點(diǎn)騎自行車出行的好處)。,要求： 1. 演講稿必須包括以上提示的全部?jī)?nèi)容，并可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮； 2. 表達(dá)清楚，語句通順，意思連貫，書寫規(guī)范，60詞左右。演講稿的開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。 Good morning, ladies and gentlemen! May I have your attention, please? I’m glad to tell you something about using bikes in Shenzhen. ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________ Thank you for your listening. Have a nice weekend!,【范文賞析】 Good morning, ladies and gentlemen! May I have your attention, please? I’m glad to tell you something about using bikes in Shenzhen. As we all know, a lot of air pollution comes from the traffic. Good environment keeps us live better, so we should try our best to stop polluting the Earth. Something must be done. I think we need to have a low-carbon life. Riding a bike is better than driving a car. And using bikes can save energy. It can also help us keep fit. It’s everyone’s duty to protect the Earth. So，please join us, try to use bikes instead of cars. Thank you for your listening. Have a nice weekend!,謝謝欣賞！,