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1、 題型二 單項(xiàng)填空 考綱解讀 單項(xiàng)填空是安徽中考英語(yǔ)的測(cè)試重點(diǎn)之一。它知識(shí)容量大,覆蓋面廣。單項(xiàng)填空包括語(yǔ)法測(cè)試、詞匯測(cè)試、常識(shí)測(cè)試和慣用法測(cè)試等,幾乎可以包含初中階段所學(xué)的全部?jī)?nèi)容。 從近幾年的中考試題可以看出,單項(xiàng)填空測(cè)試由原來的語(yǔ)法型測(cè)試逐漸轉(zhuǎn)向以測(cè)試學(xué)生們的交際能力、語(yǔ)言應(yīng)變能力、詞語(yǔ)運(yùn)用能力等為主的能力型測(cè)試。其變化主要有:1.單項(xiàng)填空的題量由20個(gè)減為1 5個(gè),但單項(xiàng)填空依然是測(cè)試重點(diǎn)之一。 2.單項(xiàng)填空題加強(qiáng)了對(duì)情景交際的考查,注重日常交際用語(yǔ)的表達(dá)。3.單項(xiàng)填空題一般常從詞匯、語(yǔ)法、固定短語(yǔ),特定句式等方面進(jìn)行考查。4一些題型加強(qiáng)了與相關(guān)學(xué)科的聯(lián)系,具有濃郁的時(shí)代特色,加強(qiáng)了綜
2、合能力和創(chuàng)造能力的考查。5.要求加強(qiáng)解題技巧的訓(xùn)練,這樣做有助于提高單項(xiàng)填空題的正確率。 考情回顧 安徽中考單項(xiàng)填空的考點(diǎn)分布比較全面,考點(diǎn)豐富,且較穩(wěn)定,有詞匯辨析類、語(yǔ)境類和語(yǔ)法類等題型。必考點(diǎn)為情景交際、時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)態(tài)、形容詞、副詞、連詞、代詞和介詞。 中考解題技巧 一、固定搭配法 英語(yǔ)句子中詞語(yǔ)和詞語(yǔ)之間有一定的“固定搭配”,主要包括介詞短語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)、名詞短語(yǔ)、冠詞在固定搭配中的用法等。Jim is_ school. His father is _ work.A. on ; at B. at ; at C. at ; on D. on ; on解析:本題考查固定搭配。at school
3、意為“在學(xué)校里”,at work 意為“在上班”,都是固定搭配。B 二、語(yǔ)境分析法 在處理知識(shí)和能力關(guān)系時(shí),命題者很注意在盡可能真實(shí)與自然的語(yǔ)境中考查知識(shí)的掌握與運(yùn)用情況,因而詞語(yǔ)辨析、時(shí)態(tài)選擇和某些語(yǔ)法知識(shí)常置于一定的語(yǔ)境中。-When _ you _ your old friend?-The day before yesterday.A. will; visit B. did; visit C. have; visited D. are; visited解析:本題考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)答語(yǔ)“前天”可知問句應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。B 三、逐個(gè)排除法 學(xué)生可根據(jù)題干的特定信息,句子結(jié)構(gòu)和語(yǔ)法進(jìn)行有理有據(jù)地合理
4、推測(cè),排除錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng),從而找出正確的答案 The teacher wanted to have a word with Tom, but she had _ to tell him. A. important something B. nothing important C. important anything D. something important解析:本題考查不定代詞的用法。形容詞作定語(yǔ)修飾不定代詞時(shí),形容詞需后置,作后置定語(yǔ),故排除A、C兩項(xiàng);nothing“沒有什么”,something“某事;某物”。B 四、前后照應(yīng)法 答題前首先弄清楚題干的真正意思,然后聯(lián)系上下文,捕捉暗示的
5、信息,判斷出正確答案。如: My brother is a _ boy. He always does little work the whole day.解析:考查形容詞辨析。單看第一句,從語(yǔ)法上講,A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都沒問題。但根據(jù)后句“他總是整體無(wú)所事事”可知,他是一個(gè)懶惰的男孩。D 五、比較辨析法 命題者常把語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)相似的句型或易混詞匯、短語(yǔ)放在同一語(yǔ)境中,用來考查學(xué)生對(duì)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)掌握的牢固程度和辨析能力。這就要求學(xué)生找出要考查的知識(shí)要點(diǎn),并加以比較和辨析,認(rèn)清它們之間的區(qū)別,從而找出正確答案。 It me two hours to do my homework last night
6、. A. spent B.took C.paid D. used解析:It take sb. +時(shí)間 + to do something.意為“做某事花費(fèi)了某人多少時(shí)間”。spend 和pay都必須是人作主語(yǔ),use sth. to do sth. 意為用某東西去做某事。B 六、常識(shí)應(yīng)用法 根據(jù)平時(shí)我們掌握的政治、歷史、地理、天文、數(shù)理化、生活、風(fēng)俗等方面的知識(shí)去推理判斷,從而得出答案的方法叫常識(shí)運(yùn)用法。如: People usually eat mooncakes on . A. Teachers Day B. Mothers Day C. May Day D. Mid-Autumn Day
7、解析:本題考查我們的生活常識(shí)。人們通常在中秋節(jié)才 吃月餅。 D 題型專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練 1. Last night, the shop was closed she didnt buy any chocolate. A. so B. if C. or D. when2. The water dark and dirty. Its no longer safe to drink.A. became B. has become 、C. will become D. was becoming3. I plan to build an unusual house. It out of old things.A.
8、 is built B. has built C. was built D. will be builtAB D 4. May I speak to Mrs Black? Sorry, mum cant come to the phone now. She a shower. A. has B. had C. is having D. was having5. You take me to the station. My brothers taking me.A. cant B. mustnt C. shouldnt D. dont have to6. He won in the story competition and his parents were very .A. smart B. proud C. sorry D. upsetCDB