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1、專題十五書面表達(dá)之圖文類 高考24話題之(十五)：社會(Society)假設(shè)你是李華。你第一次來到美國學(xué)習(xí)，發(fā)現(xiàn)一切很新鮮，感到興奮，但你同時(shí)也遇到了些問題，為此你要給英國的筆友Thomas寫一封信。內(nèi)容包括：學(xué)習(xí)和生活情況及遇到的問題；希望筆友Thomas提供建議?！緦懽髟掝}】 It has been some time_we contacted each other last time.Recently I_(be) excited_ (find) everything fresh and unfamiliar here.However, as it is the first time t

2、hat I_ (come) to study in the USA, sometimes I find_ (me) lonely and homesick.【語法填空】sincehave been to findhave comemyself To my delighted, I have made some progresses in my study and live with host family helps me learn much about the new culture.答案delighted改為delight；progresses改為progress；live改為livin

3、g；much改為more【語法改錯(cuò)】 Whats more, Im not accustomed to the teaching methods which is quite different from that in China.Id like you to give me some advices on how adapt myself to the new environment.答案is改為are；that改為thoseadvices改為advice；adapt前面加to Dear Thomas, It has been some time since we contacted ea

4、ch other last time.How is everything going with you？Recently I have been excited to find everything fresh and unfamiliar here.To my delight, I have made some progress in my study and living with host family helps me learn more about the new culture.【范文背誦】 However, as it is the first time that I have

5、 come to study in the USA, sometimes I find myself lonely and homesick.Whats more, Im not accustomed to the teaching methods which are quite different from those in China.I also feel very anxious about the difficulties that I met when communicating with local students. Therefore, Id like you to give

6、 me some advice on how to adapt myself to the new environment so as to increase my learning efficiency, and how to make friends with the locals to improve my spoken English.Best wishes！Yours，Li Hua 根據(jù)范文畫線部分仿寫下面情景：自從從英國回來以來已有兩個(gè)月了。_使我感到非常高興的是，那兒，來自不同文化的人們和睦相處。_答案It is two months since I returned from

7、England. Much to my delight, people from different cultures live in harmony there.【自主空間】 (2016北京)假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高三一班的學(xué)生李華。你班同學(xué)參加了學(xué)校的“地球日”系列活動。請按照以下四幅圖的先后順序，以“Actions for a Greener Earth”為題，給?？坝⒄Z角”寫一篇英文稿件，介紹活動的全過程。提示詞：地球日Earth Day做真題悟高考限時(shí)25分鐘 審題謀篇審文體要求寫一篇記敘文，介紹地球時(shí)我們所做的事情及影響，要注意記敘文的五個(gè)要素。要條理清晰，重點(diǎn)突出。審人稱因?yàn)槭怯洈⑽?/p>

8、，時(shí)態(tài)以一般過去時(shí)為主。審時(shí)態(tài)文章要求我們描述參加地球日的活動，所以寫作時(shí)以第一人稱為主。 列要點(diǎn)認(rèn)真觀察四幅圖畫，展開合理的想象，從每幅圖畫中提煉出一兩個(gè)要點(diǎn)：Picture 1：學(xué)校貼滿了地球日的海報(bào)；呼吁我們參與“綠色地球”的活動。Picture 2：我們班的主意：廢物再利用；把破舊衣服變成玩具娃娃和手提包；把硬紙板變成紙巾盒；把空塑料瓶子變成小花瓶等。Picture 3：把這些做成的東西贈送給老人和小孩；他們非常高興。Picture 4：被邀請發(fā)言，介紹我們班變廢為寶的過程。最后：我們的感受。 范文展示 Actions for a Greener EarthA week before

9、Earth Day, posters were put up around our school, calling upon us to join in the actions for a greener earth. Our class came up with the idea to make better use of used materials.We brought to our classroom wornout clothes, pieces of cardboard and empty plastic bottles and turned those into dolls, h

10、andbags, tissue boxes and small vases.That weekend, we went to a nearby neighborhood and gave them away to the people there.All were very happy with those unexpected gifts, especially little kids and elderly people.We did so well that we were invited to share our idea and experience with all the stu

11、dents of our school. We are very proud of ourselves and believe we can do more for a better world.名師點(diǎn)睛范文使用了非謂語動詞calling upon us to join in the actions和so.that句型與賓語從句we can do more for a better world等，句式多樣；還使用了固定詞組call upon sb. to do sth., join in, come up with, make use of, turn.into, give away, be

12、proud of等，使作文內(nèi)容變得豐富。 .題型特點(diǎn)分析1圖畫類作文的“圖”不局限于某一類型的圖，如漫畫、廣告畫，也包括其他圖畫、照片等情景形式?？忌鷤兛筛鶕?jù)情景圖示的寓意、內(nèi)容或情節(jié)線索，傳遞信息和表達(dá)自己的思想。探考點(diǎn)攻難點(diǎn)圖畫作文 2此類書面表達(dá)開頭均有簡短文字說明，說明圖畫的相關(guān)內(nèi)容(如場合、主題等)。3命題人給出“你的短(作)文應(yīng)包含以下內(nèi)容”，這是寫作的關(guān)鍵。4然后給出“注意”，常包括3點(diǎn)：可參照適當(dāng)發(fā)揮。作文詞數(shù)100個(gè)左右。作文中不得提及有關(guān)考生個(gè)人身份的任何信息，如校名、人名等。 .技巧微課【規(guī)范答題步驟】1認(rèn)真審題要做到五審：審開頭要求、審圖畫內(nèi)容、審“你的作文應(yīng)包含以下內(nèi)

13、容”、審“注意”內(nèi)容、審“參考詞匯”和開頭提示。2分段落，列提綱通過審題確定作文的時(shí)態(tài)、人稱和段落結(jié)構(gòu)，列出自己要寫的提綱。 3選詞造句要點(diǎn)列出后，對列出的要點(diǎn)逐一翻譯，但這并不是簡單的翻譯，翻譯時(shí)，要注意力求語言準(zhǔn)確得當(dāng)，同時(shí)考生應(yīng)學(xué)會盡可能使用較高級的語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯，如非謂語動詞、復(fù)合句等，最大限度地完善文章。4整理成篇，行文連貫接下來要根據(jù)內(nèi)容分清文章的層次，確定詳略，將寫好的單句重新排列組合起來，使之前后連貫成一篇完整的文章。同時(shí)選用恰當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)聯(lián)詞使文章過渡自然，行文流暢。 .寫作素材(1)What is illustrated/reflected in the picture is t

14、hat.(2)What the picture describes vividly is a kind of common phenomenon that.(3)The picture vividly reflects a phenomenon where our society is in bad need of honesty. (4)Seeing the picture, I cant help thinking how ridiculous.is.However, what is reflected in the picture is not a rare phenomenon in

15、modern society.(5)There are at least two good reasons accounting for.(6)There may be three factors which contribute to/account for/are responsible for this phenomenon.(7)The second reason is that. (8)Faced with this phenomenon/these problems, we should take a series of effective measures to cope wit

16、h.(9)It is high time we took some measures to put an end to this phenomenon/these problems.(10)Only in this way can we.(11)First, .Second, .Third, .(注后用小寫字母)(12)The social problem has aroused great concern among people.(13)We should raise peoples awareness of. .黃金模板圖畫類作文三段式模板：首先要求考生根據(jù)圖畫描述圖畫的大致情況，然后要

17、求考生根據(jù)圖畫，對圖畫進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)年U釋(解釋、說明和分析)，最后要求考生給出自己的建議、觀點(diǎn)、原因等。第一段：描述圖畫。As is vividly shown in the picture above，圖畫的內(nèi)容/The picture tells us that 這幅圖畫大致反映的意思。 第二段：解釋、說明和分析圖畫。The implied meaning of the picture should be taken into account seriously.First/To begin with，揭示涵義/原因/結(jié)果。Second/ Whats more，揭示涵義/原因/結(jié)果。Last

18、but not least/Finally，揭示涵義/原因/結(jié)果。And the social problem(如果是現(xiàn)象的話可以用phenomenon)has arisen the great concern/care of our whole society/world/all the people。 第三段：給出自己的看法或想法以及解決問題的辦法。In my view/p o in t o f view/As for me, we should take some measures as follows to deal with the problem shown in the pict

19、ure.First, we should具體的措施。And then we have to/must具體的措施。Only in these ways can we solve the problem of 具體的問題。 .題型特點(diǎn)分析1體裁上多以議論文和說明文為主。2根據(jù)圖表的呈現(xiàn)方式不同，可分為柱狀圖、曲線圖、數(shù)字表格和餅狀圖四類。柱狀圖多要求學(xué)生通過柱狀圖圖中數(shù)據(jù)和提示內(nèi)容寫一篇短文，屬于比較、對照類，也可根據(jù)提示寫成議論文。曲線圖常用來表示事物的變化發(fā)展趨勢，其特點(diǎn)是信息集中，一目了然。數(shù)字表格是以表格形式，將統(tǒng)計(jì)的數(shù)據(jù)或被說明的事物直接用表格形式體現(xiàn)出來，即統(tǒng)計(jì)表。餅狀圖則是以圓內(nèi)扇形

20、的大小表示總體內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)的變化。圖表作文 .技巧微課【規(guī)范答題步驟】1開門見山，點(diǎn)明主題點(diǎn)明圖表所反映的主題或問卷、民意調(diào)查的結(jié)果或點(diǎn)明你要展開闡述的話題。 2呈現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)，分析原因呈現(xiàn)調(diào)查所得數(shù)據(jù)、結(jié)果，闡明必要的理由或原因；或分析數(shù)據(jù)間的主要差異及趨勢。要特別注意層次。一定要注意篩選出能說明圖表主題思想的典型數(shù)據(jù)；圖表和數(shù)據(jù)內(nèi)容不必全部描述，要突出重點(diǎn)，抓住圖表中的極端。例如：最大或最小、最多或最少、最好或最差。要善于抓住總的規(guī)律、趨勢，歸納增減率。 3歸納總結(jié)或發(fā)表評論如果這篇文章講的是一個(gè)令人擔(dān)憂的問題，那么最后一段寫解決辦法的可能性最大。如果這篇文章講的是一個(gè)好的變化，那么最后一段很可能是

21、兩種情況可能寫負(fù)面的影響或存在的問題，也可能寫未來的趨勢或發(fā)展方向。此外，寫作時(shí)還要注意切忌寫成“填表題”，“一對一直譯”，“句式單一”，遺漏“間接要點(diǎn)”，應(yīng)巧妙組合信息。 .寫作素材1描述圖表中的變化與發(fā)展趨勢快速上升：rise(increase/go up)sharply(rapidly/ quickly/dramatically)緩慢下降：decrease(reduce/come down/decline/ drop/fall)slowly(gradually) 2闡述事實(shí)的句式There was a great/slight increase/rise in.在方面劇增/略有漲幅。Th

22、ere has been a sudden/slow/rapid fall/drop in.在方面驟降/下降緩慢/迅速下降。It is 20% lower/higher than.比低/高20%。 The number/rate had nearly doubled, as against that of last year.與去年相比，這個(gè)數(shù)字/比例增長了近一倍。The number is.times as much as that of.這個(gè)數(shù)字是的倍。It increases/rises/decreases/reduces by.%/two thirds.增長/降低了%/三分之二。 By

23、 comparison with., it decreased(fell)/increased from.to.和相比，從減少/增加到It is obvious from the graph/chart that.ran k the first/highest, while.turn out to be the lowest.圖中清楚顯示是排在第一位/最高的，而結(jié)果最低。 A, which accounts for.%, ranks the first; next in line is B with.%, followed by C, making up.%, finally D, at.%.

24、A排在第一，占%，緊接著是B，占%，跟著是C，占%，最后是D，占%。 3表述原因的句式The reason why/for.is that.的原因是One may think of the change as a result of.人們可能把這種變化認(rèn)為是的結(jié)果。The change in.largely results from the fact that.在上的變化很大程度上是由的事實(shí)造成的。 .黃金模板As is shown by the figure/percentage in the table/picture，_has been on rise/decrease, signifi

25、cantly/dramatically rising/decreasing from _數(shù)字1 in 年 to 數(shù)字2 in _年From this sharp rise/decline in the chart, it goes without saying that 根據(jù)數(shù)據(jù)變化得出結(jié)論 There are at least two good reasons accounting for 要分析的現(xiàn)象On the one hand, 原因1.On the other hand, 原因2 is due to the fact that 要分析的現(xiàn)象In addition, 原因3 is responsible for 要分析的現(xiàn)象As far as I am concerned, I hold the point of view that 作者的觀點(diǎn)或解決辦法I am sure my opinion is both sound and wellgrounded.