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增加修飾成分 在基本句型中我們還可以增加各類修飾語來對(duì)簡(jiǎn)單句加以擴(kuò)展。修飾語包括定語、狀語和同位語，可以分別由名詞和名詞短語、形容詞和形容詞短語、副詞和副詞短語來擔(dān)任，也可以由介詞短語和非謂語動(dòng)詞短語來擔(dān)任。例如下列例句中的畫線部分均為添加的修飾語： He sells socks.(主謂賓基本句型) He sells women’s socks. He sells old women’s socks.,基本句型的擴(kuò)展 Ⅲ,He sells old women’s socks made in China. He sells the best old women’s socks made in China every evening in the market. 要特別注意修飾語的位置，決不要套用漢語的語序。短語作為修飾語，通常放在被修飾的詞之后。例如： I am a student. 我是一名學(xué)生。 I am a student of Senior Three. 我是一名高三學(xué)生。,I’ll give you some advice. 我會(huì)給你一些建議。 I’ll give you some advice on how to learn English well. 我會(huì)給你一些學(xué)好英語的建議。,下列句子只給出主干句型，請(qǐng)依據(jù)所給的中文和括弧里的提示擴(kuò)展句子。(一空一詞) 1.患難見真情。 (用介詞短語和副詞) A friend _______ ________ is a friend________. 2.在開學(xué)典禮上，校長(zhǎng)作了一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)短但卻鼓舞人心的講話。(用介詞短語和形容詞) ____ _____ ________ __________ ___________, the headmaster made a ______ _____ _________ speech.,in,need,indeed,At,the,school,opening,ceremony,short,but,inspiring,即學(xué)即用,3. 為了養(yǎng)活全家，父親每天工作十小時(shí)以上。(用不定式短語) ______ __________ ______ ___________, Dad worked over ten hours every day. 4. 他很害羞，在學(xué)校交朋友有些困難。(用-ing短語) He is shy and has trouble _________ ________ at school.,To,support,the,family,making,friends,5. 多年前，有位老木匠住在這個(gè)小屋里。(用時(shí)間狀語和-ing短語) ______ ______ _____, there was an old carpenter _______ in this cottage.,Many,years,ago,living,6. 中山大學(xué)音樂系的學(xué)生星期五下午要給我們演出。(用介詞短語) The students of music _____ ____________ ___________will give us a performance _____ __________ ______________. 7. 委員會(huì)的主席史密斯先生出席了昨天的新聞發(fā)布會(huì)。(用名詞短語作同位語) Mr. Smith, ___________ _______ ______ ____________, was present at the press conference yesterday.,from,Zhongshan/Sun Yat-,University,on,Friday,afternoon,Chairman,of,the,Committee,8. 重建破碎的友誼可能很難，但不管怎樣你應(yīng)該試一下。(用-ed分詞和副詞) Rebuilding a ________friendship can be difficult, but ________________you should try. 9. 由于被同學(xué)們?nèi)⌒Γ趯W(xué)校一點(diǎn)也不開心。(用-ed分詞短語) ____________ _____ _____ ______ ___________, he is not happy at all at school.,broken,anyway/anyhow,Laughed,at,by,his,classmates,10. 我下周要去紐約參加一個(gè)國(guó)際會(huì)議。(用不定式短語) Next week, I am leaving for New York ________ ________ _____ ____________ ____________. 11. Finally they successfully reached the top of Mount Kinabalu，_________________________ ___________________ (東南亞最高峰之一).(同位語),to,attend,an,international,conference,one of the highest mountains in the Southeast Asia,12. Drinking a cup of coffee in the morning， _______________________________(他多年來保持的一個(gè)習(xí)慣)，makes him full of energy every day.(同位語) 13. I am fond of reading the articles _______ ____________________________(勇于表達(dá)與眾不同的觀點(diǎn)的).(非謂語動(dòng)詞),a habit that he has kept for years,14. Many people like the furniture __________________(由 Peter 設(shè)計(jì)的)—not only fashionable，but also cheap.(非謂語動(dòng)詞) 15. These young people are planning to set up a completely new website____________________ _______________________________________(介紹世界各地的奇怪但是有趣的事情).(非謂語動(dòng)詞),designed by Peter,introducing strange but interesting things from all over the world,16. In his spare time he likes lying in the big sofa in the living room, _________________________ ___________(要么看書，要么看電視，要么睡覺).(非謂語動(dòng)詞) 17. Hemingway always took time out for outdoor fishing trips，_____________________ __________(還把這些旅行寫在他的作品里).(定語從句),reading books, watching TV or sleeping,which he wrote about in his works,18. Jenny, _________________________ ______________________ (最近迷上了觀鳥)，told us her new hobby had taught her a lot of things including patience and respect for the nature. (定語從句),