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走向高考 · 英語,路漫漫其修遠(yuǎn)兮 吾將上下而求索,人教版(課標(biāo)卷地區(qū)) · 高考總復(fù)習(xí),寫作素能培養(yǎng),第三部分,第十講 揣摩圖畫內(nèi)涵， 從容掌控圖畫作文,第二部分,圖畫類作文是材料作文的一種特殊形式，是一種變“畫”為文的作文方式。這種題型提供給考生的是圖畫，要求考生在看懂圖畫意思后寫作文，主要訓(xùn)練和考查考生的觀察力、思考力、創(chuàng)造力和表達(dá)能力。 一、試題特征 1．素材貼近生活。圖畫類的書面表達(dá)一般都是中學(xué)生所熟悉的場景，畫面生動(dòng)形象，具有趣味性，體現(xiàn)高考書面表達(dá)“生活化”的特點(diǎn)。有時(shí)候還附帶有英語或漢語說明，考生易獲得直觀信息。 2．文體形式多樣。圖畫式作文主要有記敘文、說明文和議論文。,二、寫作步驟 1．確定文章體裁。這類文章一般以記敘文、說明文和議論文為主。 2．確定人稱。如果以日記、回憶錄等形式來寫，一般采用第一人稱；如果是以講故事的形式來寫，則一般采用第三人稱。 3．確定時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)圖畫內(nèi)容及所采用的文章體裁，確定文章所要用的時(shí)態(tài)。,4．合理、適度的聯(lián)想。這類文章的說明一般都要求考生進(jìn)行適度的聯(lián)想和發(fā)揮，以便使上下文能更好地連貫起來。 5．虛實(shí)結(jié)合、詳略得當(dāng)。對于圖畫中的內(nèi)容，該詳細(xì)敘述描寫的，就必須要詳細(xì)、具體；可以一筆帶過的就一筆帶過。比如圖畫中所有的時(shí)間、數(shù)字或言論須一詞不漏地寫清楚，而有些過程或原因則可適當(dāng)簡略。,三、注意事項(xiàng) 1．看圖記敘文的寫作 要注意把握寫作素材的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物，以及事件的敘述。可以采取倒敘的方式，也可按事件的發(fā)生順序進(jìn)行描寫。 2．看圖議論文的寫作 首先要認(rèn)真閱讀圖畫，把握圖的意義，有時(shí)還要注意其隱含的觀點(diǎn)與意圖，并聯(lián)系生活實(shí)際進(jìn)行思考與闡述。,3．看圖說明文的寫作 要注意觀察圖畫材料，找出所有內(nèi)容，然后按一定的順序有條理地闡述。說明文的敘述順序一般有三種：時(shí)間順序、空間順序和邏輯順序(比如按圖畫反映的數(shù)字大小進(jìn)行敘述)。注意文章開頭與結(jié)尾的呼應(yīng)。,四、常用句式 1．用于描述圖畫或引入話題的句式 ①As is described in the picture. ②As is shown in the picture，we can see clearly the relationship between. ③The sight reminds me of something in my daily life.,2．用于記敘事件經(jīng)過或分析現(xiàn)象的句式 ①At first.then.five minutes later.finally/in the end/at last. 開始時(shí)……然后……五分鐘后……最后…… ②Some were doing.，some were doing.and/while others were doing. 一些人在做……，一些人在做……，而另一些人在做…… ③.was/were doing.when sb./sth. did. 當(dāng)某事正在發(fā)生時(shí)突然又發(fā)生另一件事。 ④More and more people have come to realize the importance of. 越來越多的人已經(jīng)開始意識到……的重要性。,3．用于發(fā)表議論或總結(jié)的句式 ①If such measures were not taken，the problem of.would be more serious. 如果不采取這樣的措施的話，……的問題會(huì)更加嚴(yán)重。 ②We can conclude from this picture that. 從這幅圖畫我們可以推斷…… ③As has been stated above，we must. 如上所述，我們必須……,(2013·高考福建卷)孩子的成長和教育是社會(huì)熱議的話題，現(xiàn)今父母包攬一切、孩子過度依賴等現(xiàn)象十分嚴(yán)重。請閱讀下面的漫畫，按要求用英文寫一篇短文。 內(nèi)容要求： 1．描述漫畫內(nèi)容； 2．分析漫畫所揭示的問題； 3．提出你的看法。,注意：1.短文開頭已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)； 2．考生可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮，使文章內(nèi)容充實(shí)、連貫； 3．詞數(shù)120左右； 4．文中不能出現(xiàn)考生的具體信息。 參考詞匯：鋪路pave the way,,From the picture we can see a family of three walking on a long red carpet. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________,句型二：正如上面圖畫生動(dòng)呈現(xiàn)給我們的是一家三口正走在紅地毯上。 As is vividly presented in the picture above/As the picture above vividly presents to us，a family of three are walking on a long red carpet.(使用as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句) 中間過渡句：用一句話揭示圖畫的含義 它反映了當(dāng)今的一個(gè)普遍現(xiàn)象：孩子是家庭的中心，肩負(fù)著父母的希望。 It shows a common phenomenon nowadays that children are the focus of families，shouldering(shoulder) the hope of their parents.,結(jié)束句：用一句話強(qiáng)調(diào)所提建議的重要性(常用only引起的倒裝句) 只有用這種方式，他們才能在成長過程中學(xué)會(huì)獨(dú)立，才能成為真正意義上的成功者。 Only in this way can they grow up to be independent and become truly successful.,人稱要對：本文主要使用第三人稱。 時(shí)態(tài)要準(zhǔn)：基本時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 要點(diǎn)要全： ①描述漫畫內(nèi)容； ②分析漫畫所揭示的問題； ③提出你的看法。,核心詞匯： ①穿著講究的：be well dressed ②朝前彎腰：bend forward ③家庭的中心：the focus of families ④肩負(fù)……的期望： shoulder the hope of. ⑤為孩子安排一切：arrange everything for children,⑥不遺余力：spare no effort ⑦結(jié)果：as a consequence ⑧不獨(dú)立思考，沒有創(chuàng)造力：have no independent thought or creative ideas ⑨表明……的普遍現(xiàn)象：It shows a common phenomenon that…,要點(diǎn)四：父母為孩子安排好了所有的事情，不遺余力地為孩子的成功鋪平道路。 Parents arrange everything for their children and spare no effort to pave the way for their success. 要點(diǎn)五：孩子們對于父母變得如此依賴以至于他們沒有獨(dú)立的想法或創(chuàng)造性的觀點(diǎn)。 Children become so reliant on their parents that they have no independent thought or creative ideas. 要點(diǎn)六：這種狀況讓人感到憂心忡忡。 Such a situation is of great concern.,要點(diǎn)七：過度保護(hù)和太多的關(guān)心對孩子的發(fā)展極其有害。 Overprotection and too much care are extremely bad for children's development. 要點(diǎn)八：父母應(yīng)該鼓勵(lì)孩子克服困難，激勵(lì)孩子獨(dú)立發(fā)展而不是為他們做一切事情。 Parents should encourage their children to overcome difficulties and inspire them to develop by themselves rather than do everything for them.,升級句式三：用while連接升級句式一、二 The son，well dressed，waves proudly in the middle while the father behind bends forward to hold the jacket and the mother in front rolls out the carpet，sweating. 升級句式四：把要點(diǎn)四中的后半句改為分詞短語作狀語 Parents arrange everything for their children，sparing no effort to pave the way for their success. 升級句式五：把要點(diǎn)五改成倒裝句 So reliant do children become on their parents that they have no independent thought or creative ideas.,One possible version： From the picture we can see a family of three walking on a long red carpet. The son，well dressed，waves proudly in the middle while the father behind bends forward to hold the jacket and the mother in front rolls out the carpet，sweating.,It shows a common phenomenon nowadays that children are the focus of families，shouldering the hope of their parents.Parents arrange everything for their children and spare no effort to pave the way for their success.As a consequence，children become so reliant on their parents that they have no independent thought or creative ideas. Such a situation is of great concern.In my opinion，over protection and too much care are extremely bad for children's development.Instead of doing everything for them，parents should encourage their children to overcome difficulties and inspire them to develop by themselves.Only in this way can they grow up to be independent and become truly successful.,(2014·銀川市三校聯(lián)考),,文明乘車是中華美德 請根據(jù)圖畫描述你的朋友小明發(fā)生的故事和你的看法。 注意：詞數(shù)100左右。 _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________,答案：One day, Xiaoming was on a bus to school when he noticed a pregnant woman getting on the bus. Xiaoming pretended not to see the woman and went on sleeping as usual but another child beside him offered his seat to the woman. Soon the bus arrived at the destination. It was late before Xiaoming realized. In our life, I think offering seats on bus, a small act though, is a symbol of kindness and the level of our civilization. Maybe Xiaoming was tired, but he should have offered his seat to the woman because she needed the seat more than him. Besides, the old and disabled should own separate and special seats.,