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1、 ET 網(wǎng)聚眾人智慧 成就夢想高度 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 1.構(gòu)成 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)是由助動詞 have(has)+動詞的過去分詞構(gòu)成。助動詞have(has)表明事情發(fā)生于現(xiàn)在。它和主語的人稱、數(shù)要保持一致。過去分詞在句子中做謂語，說明句子的含義。 2.用法 （1）動作發(fā)生在過去某個(gè)不確定的時(shí)間，但對現(xiàn)在有某種影響和結(jié)果。常被just、already、yet 等副詞修飾。如： -Have you had lunch yet? -Yes,I have. Ive just had it. 你（已經(jīng)）吃午飯了嗎？ 我剛剛吃過。（現(xiàn)在我不餓了） （2

2、）表示從過去某一時(shí)刻開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)。這個(gè)動作可能剛停止，可能仍然在進(jìn)行。常帶有for和since等表示一段時(shí)間的狀語。 　　如：He has taught here since 1981 他自1981年就在這兒教書。（可能還要繼續(xù)教） I havet seen her for four years. 我有四年沒見到她了。 （3）表示說話前發(fā)生過一次或多次的動作，現(xiàn)在成為一種經(jīng)驗(yàn)，一般譯為漢語“過”，常帶有twice,ever,never,three times等時(shí)間狀語。 如： I have been to Beijing twice.我去過北京二次。

3、3.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語 （1）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)屬于現(xiàn)在時(shí)范圍，故不能和過去的時(shí)間狀語連用。如：yesterday,last Sunday,in1990,three years ago等。但是，在強(qiáng)調(diào)動作產(chǎn)生的后果和影響時(shí)，可以和一些表示不確定的時(shí)間狀語連用。 a. 用副詞already和yet。already一般用于肯定句中，yet一般用于否定句和 疑問句中。如：We have already finished our homework.我們已完成作業(yè)了。 They havent finished their homework yet.他們還沒有完成作業(yè)。 b.用ever 和nev

4、er。多用于否定或疑問句中，表示“曾經(jīng)”或“從未“等。 如：-Have you ever been to the Great Wall?你曾經(jīng)去過長城嗎？ -I have never been to the Great Wall.我從未去過長城。 c.用表示到說話為止的過去時(shí)間狀語，如just,before,up to now,the past few years等。 　　　例如：I have seen her before,but I can not remember where. 我以前見過她，但記不起在哪里見過。 　　　 He has been there three tim

5、es the last few days. 近幾年他去過那里三次了。 d.用包括“現(xiàn)在”在內(nèi)的時(shí)間狀語，如：now,today,this morning(month,year,term)等。例如：-Have you met him today?-No,I havent. 今天你見過他嗎？我 沒有。 How many times have you been there this year? 今年你去過那里多少次？ （2）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可以和帶有since或for等表示“一段時(shí)間”的狀語連用,表示動作或狀態(tài)從某一時(shí)刻開始，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。如：I havent seen him for two y

6、ears. 但是，像come,arrive,buy等終止性動詞不能與表示“一段時(shí)間”的狀語連用。要用，必須改為“be（在）”等延續(xù)性動詞來表述?，F(xiàn)歸納總結(jié)一下由非延續(xù)性動詞到延續(xù)性動詞的轉(zhuǎn)換： arrive→be here begin(start)→be on die →be dead come back→be back leave →be away fall ill(sick,asleep)→be ill(sick,asleep) get up→be up go out →be out finish →be over put on →wear 或be on open

7、 →be open join →be in或 be a member of… close →be closed go to school→be a student borrow →keep buy →have catch(a cold)→ have(a cold) get to know →know begin to study→study come to work→work等 如：He has been a soldier for three years.他參軍三年了。 His father has been dead for two years.他父親去世二年了。

8、 The film has been on for ten minutes.電影已開始十分鐘了。 We have studied English for three years. 我們（開始）學(xué)英語已三年了。 4.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)別 　　現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)都表示在過去完成的動作。但現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是這一動作與現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系。如對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果或影響等，而一般過去時(shí)只表示動作在過去某一時(shí)刻發(fā)生，不表示和現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系。試比較： I have lost my new book. 我把新書丟了。（現(xiàn)在還未找到） I lost my new book yesterday. 我昨

9、天把新書丟了。（昨天丟的，現(xiàn)在找到與否沒說明） 5.幾點(diǎn)注意事項(xiàng) （1）have been(to)與have gone( to)的區(qū)別：have been(to)表示“去過某地（現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)回來了）”，可用于各人稱；have gone(to)表示“去某地了（說話時(shí)某人不在當(dāng)?shù)兀?，常用于第三人稱，前者可與once ,never,several times等連用，后者則不能。如：They have been to Beijing twice.他們?nèi)ミ^北京兩次。 He has gone to Beijing . 他去北京了。 （2）如單純表示一段時(shí)間，或強(qiáng)調(diào)一段時(shí)間，雖有since一詞，也不

10、必用完成時(shí)。 　　　如：It is two years since his father died. =His father has been dead for two years.他父親去世已有三年了。 （3）終止性動詞現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的否定式，已變成一種可以延續(xù)的狀態(tài)，因此可以和表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用。 如：I havent left here since 1997.自從1997年以來，我一直沒有離開過這兒。 一、 單項(xiàng)選擇 1. Li Hong has ________ the army for 2 years. A. joined B. be in C. been in

11、D. joined in 2. We have been friends since ______. A. children B. five years C. five years ago D. five years before 3. Mike ___________ the story for a month. A. has bought B. has had C. had had D. has borrowed 4. You ______ that question three times. A. already asked B. have already ask

12、ed C. already have asked D. asked already 5. Those foreign friends left Guangzhou __________. A. since last week B. a week ago C. for a week D. since a week ago 6. I _____ at this school for two years. A. am studying B. study C. studied D. have studied 7. They _________ in the city since

13、 last summer. A. live B. didn’t live C. have lived D. live 8. Mrs. Wang has lived in Haikou _________ 1992. A. since B. from C. after D. in 9. Mr. Black _________ China since the summer of 1998. A. has been to B. has been in C. has come to D. came to 10. His father _______ for years. A

14、. has died B. has been dead C. died D. dies 11. Mary ________ to see the films because she __________ it twice. A. won’t go, saw B. won’t go, will see C. won’t go, has seen D. didn’t go, sees 12.---- Would you like some more food? ----Thank you. I _______ enough. A. will have B. have had

15、 C. have D. had 13. ______ you ______ England? Yes, it _____ a beautiful country. A. Will, gone to, was B.Have, been to, is C. Had, been to, is D.Have, gone to, is 14. ----_______ you _______ to Beijing? ----No, I ______.I ______ there early next month. A. Have, been, haven’t, am going B

16、. Had, been, hadn’t, am going C. Have, gone, haven’t, was going D. Did,go, didn’t, was going 15. ---You sister ______ to London to study English. Is that true? ---Yes , she ___ there for two months. A. has been, has been B. will go, has gone C. gone, will be D. has gone, has been 16. He

17、has a computer of his own. He ____ it two days ago A. bought B. bought C. bought D. has bought 17. —Where is Li Lei? —He ___ Shanghai. A. has gone to B. has been to C. went to D. goes to 18. He _______ his homework and is now listening to music. A.. finishes B. has finished C. finish D. is

18、 finishing 19. David _______ Shanghai for more than three months. A. came to B. has been to C. has been in D. has come to 20. --- Is your father a Party member? --- Yes, he ____ the party three years ago. He _____ a Party member for three years. A. joined; has been B. has joined; has been

19、 C. was joined; is D. joined; was 21. ---What a nice bike! How lone ____ you ____ it? ----Just five weeks. A. will; buy B. did; buy C. are; having D. have; had 22. I ______ this book for a week .I have to return it now. A. borrowed B. have borrowed C. kept D. have kept 23. ----______ your

20、 sister _______ in Green China for a long time? ----Yes. She joined it five years ago. A. Has; been B. Have; been C. Has; joined D. Have; joined 24. ---How long have you _______ from the USA? ----For three months. A. come back B. returned C. go back D. been back 25. I _____ this book for h

21、alf a year. A. have bought B. have had C. bought D. had 26. The students are sorry to hear that famous singer _______ for a year. A. has left B. has gone C. has been away D. has gone away 27. --- ______ you______ your homework yet? ---Yes, I _____ it just now. A. Did; do; finished B. Have;

22、 done; finished C. Have; done; have finished D. Will; do; finish 28. The sand storm weather ______ in Beijing several times this year. A. happen B. happened C. has happened D. have happened 29. ---How long have you been here? --- ____ last month. A. For B. Until C. Before D. Since 30. He

23、 ____ a cold for three days. A. has caught B. has had C. has got D. caught 31. Jim Green ____ in China for two years. A. has come B. has been C. has arrived D. came 32. The film ____ for half an hour. A. has been on B. has begun C. hasn’t begun D. began 33.—Where have you _______ these d

24、ays？ —I have to Beijing with my friends． A. been；gone B. been；been C. gone；been D. gone；gone 34．How long have you _______ this book？ A. bought B．borrowed C．had D．lent 35. We have lived here _______ five years ago． A. when B．since C．before D．a(chǎn)fter 36．—I have watched the game． —When ____

25、_you _______ it？ A．have；watched B．do；watch C．did；watch D．will；watch 37．—How do you like Beijing, Mr. Black？ —Oh，I _______ such a beautiful city． A．dont visit B．didnt visit C．havent visited D．hadnt visited 38．Miss Brown _______ to the Great Wall twice． A．have been B．has been C．have gone D

26、．has gone 39.His brother has been to Stone Forest twice ______ he came to Yunnan． A．a(chǎn)fter B．before C．since D．for 40．His grandpa _______ for two years． A．was died B．has been dead C．was dead D．has died 41．—Have you ever_______ to Haikou？ —Yes，I_______ there with my family last August． A．

27、gone；went B．been；went C．been；went to D．been；was in 42. His sister ______ her hometown for three years. Shell return next year． A．left B．has left C．has been away D．has been away from 以適當(dāng)形式填空 1. I_______ already _______ (see) the film. I _________ (see) it last week. 2. ----- _______ he ____

28、____(finish) his work today ? ------Not yet . 3. -----_____you _______(be) to Hong Kong ? ----Yes, I ________________ (be) there twice . 4. -----_______ you ever ________(eat ) chocolate sundaes ? ----No, never. 5. My father ____ just ________ (come) back from work. He is tired now. 6. Whe

29、re’s Li Ming ? He ____________ (go) to the teacher’s office. 7. Shanghai _______ (be) a small town hundreds of years ago. Now it ____ (become) a large city. 8. I _____________ (work) here since I __________ (move) here in 1999. 9. So far I ______________(make) quite a few friends here. 10. -

30、--How long ______ the Smiths ________(stay)here? ---- For two weeks. 11. --- I ___________ (see) the film “Chicken Run”. --- Where and when ________ you _______ (see) it? --- Last week. 12. Mary _____ already _______ (have) her supper. 13. I ____________ (not want) to see the film. I _____

31、______ (see) it with my parents. We _________ (see) it last Sunday. 14. ---______ Uncle Wang ______ (mend) the TV yet? ---Yes, he______. ---When _____ he _____ it? --- Yesterday. 15. ______ you _______ (read) today’s newspaper yet? 16. They _____already_____(do) their homework. But they

32、don’t know what_____ (do) next. 17. ---____ you _____ (see) the film last night? ---No, I ___________ (see) it for several times. 18. She ____________ (be) ill for three days. 19. My father ___________ ( buy) a book for me yesterday. He____ already _________(pay) fifty yuan for it. 20. S

33、he____________ (not read) this book before. 21. ____ you ever __________ (travel) on a train before? 22. --- ____ Wei Hua _____ (come) yet? ---Yes. She_______ (come) already. She ______ (come) just now. 23. ---How long _____you __________(learn) English? ---For more than two years. 24. T

34、hey _______________ (live) in China since they _____ (move) to China. 句型轉(zhuǎn)換(每空一詞)。 1. I have been to Macau before.(改為否定句) I ______ ________ been to Macau before. 2. He hasn’t come to school because he’s ill (就劃線部分提問) ________ ________ he come to school? 3. He has learned English for 5 yea

35、rs. (就劃線部分提問) ________ ________ ________ _________ learned English ? 4. I bought a new bike just now. (用just改寫) I _______ just ________a new bike. 5. We began to learn English three years ago.(改為同義句) We _______ _______ English ________ three years 6. He has lived here since 1999.(就劃線部分提問

36、) _____ _____ _____ he_______ here? 7. They have already finished the work.（否定） They ______ ______ the work ______. 8. My father got there two days ago.（同義句） My father ______ ______ ______ for two days. 9. Mr. Li began to teach English in this school in 1999.（同義句） Mr. Li _______ ______

37、___ English in this school since 1999. 10. The factory opened ten years ago.（同義句） The factory _______ ________ ______ for ten years. 11.They have cleaned the room twice this week. (就劃線部分提問) _____ _____ ____ ______ they ______ the classroom this week? 12. My father went to England in 2003 a

38、nd 2005. （同義句） My father _____ ______ _____ England _____. 13. John left Beijing three years ago. （同義句） John_______ ______ ______ Beijing_____ three years. 14. His company closed in 2003. （同義句） His company _____ _____ _____ _____ 2003. 15. My father bought the car half a year ago. （同義句）

39、 My father ______ ______ the car _______ half a year. 16. We got to know each other for about 15 years. （同義句） We _______ ________ each other _____ about 15 years. 17. The film began ten minutes ago. （同義句） The film _________ ________ _________ for ten minutes. 18. I borrowed this book two

40、weeks ago. （同義句） I _________ ________ this book for two weeks. 一、 單項(xiàng)選擇。 1、Both his parents look sad . Maybe they _________whats happened to him .（呼和浩特） 　　Ａ. knew Ｂ. have known Ｃ. must know Ｄ.will know 2、He has _______ been to Shanghai , has he ? 　　Ａ. already

41、 Ｂ.never Ｃ.ever Ｄ. still 　 3、Have you met Mr Li ______？ 　?。? just Ｂ. ago Ｃ.before Ｄ. a moment ago 4、The famous writer _____ one new book in the past two year . 　　Ａ. is writing Ｂ.was writing Ｃ.wrote Ｄ.has written 5、—Ou

42、r country ______ a lot so far . 　　　—Yes . I hope it will be even ______ . 　?。? has changed ; well Ｂ. changed ; good 　?。? has changed ; better Ｄ. changed ; better 　 6、Zhao Lan ______already ______in this school for two years . 　　Ａ. was ; studying

43、 Ｂ. will ; study 　?。? has ; studied Ｄ. are ; studying 　 7、We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl . 　?。? know Ｂ. had known Ｃ. have known Ｄ. knew 8、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_______ it twice . 　?。? will see Ｂ. have s

44、een Ｃ. saw Ｄ.see 9、—These farmers have been to the United States . 　　 —Really ? When _____ there ? 　?。? will they go Ｂ. did they go 　?。? do they go Ｄ. have they gone 10、—______ you ___ your homework yet ? 　　

45、 —Yes . I _____ it a moment ago . 　?。? Did ; do ; finished Ｂ. Have ; done ; finished 　?。? Have ; done ; have finished Ｄ. will ; do ; finish 11、 His father ______ the Party since 1978 . 　?。? joined Ｂ. has joined Ｃ. was in Ｄ. has been in 　

46、 12、—Do you know him well ? 　　— Sure .We _________ friends since ten years ago . 　?。? were Ｂ. have been Ｃ. have become Ｄ. have made 　 13、—How long have you ____ here ? 　　—About two months . 　?。? been Ｂ. gone Ｃ. come Ｄ. arrived 　 14、Hurry up! The

47、 play __________ for ten minutes . 　　Ａ. has begun Ｂ. had begun 　?。? has been on Ｄ. began 15、 It _____ ten years since he left the army . 　?。? is Ｂ. has Ｃ. will Ｄ. was 16、 Miss Green isnt in the o

48、ffice . she_______ to the library . 　?。?has gone Ｂ. went Ｃ.will go Ｄ. has been 　 17、My parents ______ Shandong for ten years . 　?。? have been in Ｂ. have been to 　　Ｃ. have gone to Ｄ. have been 18、The students hav

49、e cleaned the classroom, ? A. so they B. don’t they C. have they D. haven’t they 19、 has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he to China? A. How soon, comes B. How often, got C. How long, came D. How fa

50、r, arrived 20、 His uncle for more than 9 years. A. has come here B. has started to work C. has lived there D. has left the university 二、 句型轉(zhuǎn)換。 1、He has never surfed, ?（改成反意疑問句） 2、They have been here since 2000. (對劃線部分提問

51、) have they been here? 3、The old man _________ last year. He for a year. (die) （動詞填空） 4、This factory opened twenty years ago.(同義句轉(zhuǎn)換) This factory ________ for twenty years. 5、Miss Gao left an hour ago. (同義句轉(zhuǎn)換) Miss Gao ________ ______

52、_ ________ ________ an hour ago. 6、Her mother has been a Party member for three years .（同義句） 　 Her mother _______ the Party three years ________ . 7、The Green Family moved to France two years ago. (同義句轉(zhuǎn)換) _______ two years ________ the Green family moved to France. 8、The bus has arrive

53、d here. It arrived ten minutes ago. (把兩個(gè)句子合并成一個(gè)句子) ___________________________________________ 漢譯英。 1、 吉姆已做完作業(yè)，他現(xiàn)在有空了。 2、 他昨天收到一封信。 3、 我父親以前到過長城。 4、 她還沒有看過那部新電影。 5、 她去過上海。 6、 他這些天上哪兒去了？ 參考答案： 一、單項(xiàng)選擇。 1、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)主要強(qiáng)調(diào)過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響，或過去發(fā)生的動作還未結(jié)束，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)

54、在或?qū)?，重點(diǎn)在于對現(xiàn)在的影響。這種考查難度較大，往往無時(shí)間狀語，需要從上下文分析、推理才行。故上兩側(cè)根據(jù)上下文分析、推理，正確答案是Ｂ。 2、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常與already（已經(jīng)），just（剛剛，正好），ever（曾經(jīng)），never（從來，也不；從不），before（以前），yet（仍然）等連用。故2應(yīng)選B。 3、C 4、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常與recently（近來），so far（到目前為止），in the past/“l(fā)ast + 一段時(shí)間”等時(shí)間狀語連用。因?yàn)樯鲜龆陶Z表示的是從現(xiàn)在起往前推算的一段時(shí)間，句中的動作是從過去某一時(shí)間或時(shí)刻開始持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的。故4應(yīng)選D。 5、C 6、

55、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)時(shí)常與“for +時(shí)間段或since +過去時(shí)間點(diǎn)”連用（含從句，從句過去時(shí)）。故6應(yīng)選C。 7、C 8、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)還與once（一次），twice（兩次），three times（三次），several times（幾次）等表示重復(fù)次數(shù)的詞語連用。故8應(yīng)選B。 9、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)容易混淆，就是因?yàn)樗鼈兯硎镜膭幼鞫及l(fā)生在過去，但二者又有區(qū)別：一般過去時(shí)表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的事、存在的狀態(tài)或經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作，說話的側(cè)重點(diǎn)在于陳述一件過去的事情，與現(xiàn)在沒有關(guān)系；現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示與現(xiàn)在有關(guān)系的發(fā)生在過去的動作，它不與表示過去的時(shí)間狀語（如yesterday , last

56、week , a moment ago等）連用。故9的正確答案為B。 10、B 11、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中，非延續(xù)性動詞不能與for和since引導(dǎo)的表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用，通常是用相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動詞來代替。故11的正確答案依次為：D。 12、B 13、A 14、C 15、A。 16、“have/has gone to + 地點(diǎn)”表示“某人去了某地（還未回來）”，指主語所指的人不在這兒?！癶ave/has been in + 地點(diǎn)”表示“在某地呆了多長時(shí)間”，常與表示時(shí)間的狀語連用?！癶ave/has been to +地點(diǎn)”表示“曾經(jīng)去過某地（但現(xiàn)在已不

57、在那兒）?！惫?6的正確答案為A。 17、A 18、D 19、C 20、C 二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換。 1、has he? 2、How long 3、died, has been dead 4、has been open 5、has been away 6、joined；ago 7、It is, since 8、The bus has been here for ten minutes. 三、漢譯英。 1、Jim has finished doing his homework already. He is free now. 2、He received a letter yesterday. 3、My father has been to the Great Wall before. 4、She hasnt seen the new film yet. 5、She has been to Shanghai. 6、Where has he been these days？ 飛翔英語網(wǎng)推薦