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2019-2020年高一英語(yǔ)上冊(cè) nit5 The silver screen(備課資料)教案 大綱人教版第一冊(cè) 一、異域風(fēng)情 Open, with one roof over the stage where the singers perform and another roof over part of the audience．This opera in the mountains is one of the best in the country, which may seem surprising because performances are only given during seven weeks in the summer，and because Santa Fe is a very small city． One reason why the Santa Fe Opera is so good is that it attacts many excellent young singers．They all hope to sing in famous opera houses like the Metropolitan in New York some day, and they work hard to bee well—known during the summer．The musicians and directors are experts who e from the best orchestras and operas in the country during their vacations．They enjoy working there because the music is always of the highest quality and because they like to live in Santa Fe，which is near both the mountains and the desert．It is very beautiful there in summer． The state government of New Mexico advertises the Santa Fe Opera in newspapers all over the country，and a great many tourists e to New Mexico because of the opera．Still, most of the audiences do e from Santa Fe and other nearby cities, and all the seats in the theatre are sold for every show． There is only one thing that some people do not like about the Santa Fe Opera, and that is the cold weather．Because the theatre is open，performances cannot start before nine o’clock in the evening，and then the mountain air bees very cool． Sometimes people plain about the cold air, but because the operas are so good． these people e back again--wearing warm coats. 2．Important Awards to Beth Entertainers and Their Audience Oscar, Emmy，Grammy．Tony一these sound like names of people, but actually they are awards given to entertainers in Holly—wood of New York．Hundreds of would-be winner dress in formal clothes to get their prize or congratulate those who win． The oldest of these awards is the Oscar, a small statue presented by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences．The Academy Awards ceremony started in 1928 in Hollywood to honor great achievement in performance，photography．direction，production，music，and other areas of film—making．The name Oscar was supposedly given to the small statue in 1931 when the librarian and，later, director of the Academy，Margaret Herrick，said that it looked like her Uncle Oscar． The Emmy is presented by the National Academy for Television Arts and Sciences to the top programs，performers，and “behind-the-scenes” people in mercial and public television．The Grammy is awarded by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences and honors a variety of singers．musicians．producers，waiters，technicians，and the records they have produced． The Tony is an award that pays respect to great achievement in the theater．It was first presented in 1947 and named for a then popular actress．Antoinette Perry．It honors the best among Broadway dramas and musicals in categories similar to those of the Oscar． Millions of viewers watch these award ceremonies on television and are overjoyed when their favorite stars receive a prize． The candidates themselves spend weeks planning what they will wear，who they will go with and what they will say i11 their acceptance speeches．Hundreds of thousands of dollars are spent on an event that is over in just a few hours, The winners take the prizes home，thankful for the recognition that their talent and hard work have brought them．The losers smile graciously，express how happy they are for the winners，and think to themselves，“Next year will be my turn!” II、知識(shí)歸納 1.如何使用marry一詞 (1)marry在大多數(shù)情況下是及物動(dòng)詞，需要賓語(yǔ)或用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 e.g. When did she get married? 她是什么時(shí)候結(jié)婚的？ (2)在有副詞修飾時(shí)，marry可作不及物動(dòng)詞用。 e.g. She married very early. 她結(jié)婚很早。 (3)“和某人結(jié)婚”不能說(shuō)“marry with sb.”,應(yīng)該說(shuō)“marry to sb.”也可以不與介詞搭配，將marry用作及物動(dòng)詞。 e.g. She married a doctor. or: She was married to a doctor. 她和一個(gè)醫(yī)生結(jié)了婚。 (4)marry和get married都是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，因此不能與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用，表示結(jié)婚已有一段時(shí)間應(yīng)該用be married。 e.g. They have been married for ten years. 他們結(jié)婚已經(jīng)10年了。 (5)問(wèn)現(xiàn)在的婚姻狀態(tài)時(shí)，可以說(shuō)“Is she married (or single)?”但不能說(shuō)“Has she married?” 2.keep一詞用法小結(jié) keep是高考?？荚~匯之一，其含義豐富，與其搭配的短語(yǔ)也很多，其主要用法如下： 用作及物動(dòng)詞 (1)保留，保存，保持，留下 e.g. We’d better keep a seat for him. 我們最好給他留個(gè)座位。 He kept all the money in the bank. 他把所有的錢都存入了銀行。 (2)履行(諾言)，遵守 e.g. One should keep one’s promise. 一個(gè)人應(yīng)當(dāng)遵守自己的諾言。 Everyone must keep the law. 人人都必須守法。 (3)贍養(yǎng)，養(yǎng)活，飼養(yǎng) e.g. He has a large family to keep. 他有一大家人要養(yǎng)活。 The old man kept many animals like dogs,pigs and cats. 這位老人養(yǎng)了許多動(dòng)物，像狗、豬、還有貓等。 (4)經(jīng)營(yíng)，管理 e.g. He kept a hotel in this city. 在這座城市里，他開了一家旅店。 She is good at keeping house. 她擅長(zhǎng)管理家務(wù)。 (5)保守(秘密)，記(日記、賬) e.g. Can you keep a secret? 你能保守秘密嗎？ The boy keeps a diary every day. 這個(gè)男孩每天記日記。 (6)使……處于某種狀態(tài)(情況) 在這種情況下，keep常跟復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)(keep+賓語(yǔ)+補(bǔ)語(yǔ))。用作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的詞有現(xiàn)在分詞、過(guò)去分詞、形容詞、副詞以及介詞短語(yǔ)。 e.g. He kept me waiting for half an hour. 他讓我等了半個(gè)小時(shí)。 Keep your mouth shut and your eyes open. 少說(shuō)話，多觀察。 The doctor kept me in for a week. 醫(yī)生一周沒(méi)讓我出去。 He always keeps his books in good order. 他總是把書放得整整齊齊。 用作不及物動(dòng)詞 (1)保持，繼續(xù)(處于某種狀態(tài))(keep為系動(dòng)詞) e.g. Please keep quiet. 請(qǐng)保持安靜。 We’re keeping in very good health. 我們身體非常好。 (2)(食物)保持良好狀態(tài)。 e.g. Will this fish keep till tomorrow? 這魚能放到明天嗎？ keep構(gòu)成的一些短語(yǔ) keep (sb.)away(from sth.)(使)離開(某物) keep sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事 keep sth. in mind記住某事 keep sb./ sth. out(of sth.)不讓……入內(nèi) keep back忍住(眼淚)，扣下，隱瞞 keep in touch with 與……保持聯(lián)系 keep(on)doing sth.繼續(xù)做某事 keep off遠(yuǎn)離，避開 keep up 保持(不低落)，繼續(xù) keep up with 跟上，不落在后面 (三)afford的用法 及物動(dòng)詞，其主要用法如下： (1)“擔(dān)負(fù)得起(……的費(fèi)用、時(shí)間)”，常與can, could, be able to連用，表示“有足夠的(時(shí)間、金錢等)條件(做某事)”。 afford +n./ pron. e.g. Now many people can’t afford the medical treatment in the country. 現(xiàn)在在農(nóng)村許多人看不起病。 I can’t afford the time for it. 這時(shí)間我花不起。 afford to do sth. e.g. Before liberation many people couldn’t afford to go to school. 解放前，許多人上不起學(xué)。 We can’t afford to buy this new house. 我們買不起這新房子。 (2)提供，供給，給予(正式用語(yǔ)) afford sth. e.g. The trees afford a pleasant shake. 這些樹提供陰涼。 afford sb. sth./afford sth. to sb. e.g. Reading affords us pleasure. 閱讀使我們快樂(lè)。 History affords lessons to us. 歷史給我們提供經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn)。 4. 關(guān)系副詞when/where不能替代“介詞+which”的場(chǎng)合歸納。 在定語(yǔ)從句中，when/where往往可以代替某些“介詞+which”。 e.g. Tell me the time when/at which the train leaves. 告訴我火車發(fā)車的時(shí)間。 You’ll have some spare time when/during which you can learn English at home. 你會(huì)有些在家你可以學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的業(yè)余時(shí)間。 This is the school where/at which I used to study. 這就是我過(guò)去上學(xué)的那所學(xué)校。 Think of a place where/to which we can go for dinner. 想出一個(gè)我們可以去吃晚飯的地方。 但在下列情況下，when/where不能代替“介詞+which”。 (1)當(dāng)since, until, after, before+ which時(shí)，不能被when代替。 e.g. I met Jack in 1980,since which I have never seen him. 我是在1980年見過(guò)杰克的，自從那時(shí)以來(lái)再也沒(méi)見他。 He came back at ten, until which we worked. 他十點(diǎn)鐘回來(lái)的，直到那時(shí)我們還在勞動(dòng)。 He went to school at 8,before which he read English. 他八點(diǎn)鐘上學(xué)，這之前他讀了英語(yǔ)。 (2)當(dāng)on, behind, in front of, through, from, beside, around+ which時(shí)，不能被where代替。 e.g. I saw a desk on which was a book. 我看見一張桌子上有本書。 The house, in front of which there is a tree,is my home. 那所房子是我的家，其前有棵樹。 This is the window through which the thief came in. 這就是賊從那進(jìn)來(lái)的那個(gè)窗戶。 III、詞語(yǔ)辨析 1. by sea, by the sea, in the sea, on the sea (1)by sea “走海路，乘船”，用來(lái)表示交通方式，同by ship同義。 e.g. They often travel by sea in summer. 夏天他們常常乘船去旅行。 These heavy boxes should be sent by sea. 這些重箱子應(yīng)由海路運(yùn)送。 (2)by the sea “在海邊”，相當(dāng)于on the coast。 e.g. There are many travellers by the sea. 海邊有很多游客。 The children enjoyed themselves by the sea on Children’s Day. 兒童節(jié)孩子們?cè)诤＿呁媪藗€(gè)痛快。 (3)in the sea “在海里，在海水中” e.g. There are many plants and animals in the sea. 海洋中有很多動(dòng)植物。 He prefers to swim in the sea. 他更喜歡在海中游泳。 (4)on the sea “在海上”，也有“在海邊”的意思。 e.g. It was reported that many boats sailing on the sea had been lost. 據(jù)報(bào)道，在海上航行的很多船只失蹤了。 I want to live in a town with a beautiful position on the sea. 我想到一個(gè)位于海濱，地點(diǎn)甚佳的城鎮(zhèn)去生活。 2. be afraid, be afraid to do sth., be afraid of (doing)sth. (1)be afraid意為“擔(dān)心，害怕”，多用于口語(yǔ)，常用來(lái)表示一種歉意，或遺憾，后可接so或that，也可接that從句。I’m afraid(that) 其語(yǔ)意相當(dāng)于I’m sorry, but…。 e.g.—Are we on time? 我們準(zhǔn)時(shí)嗎？ —I’m afraid not. 恐怕不準(zhǔn)時(shí)。 —Are we late? 我們遲到了嗎？ —I’m afraid so. 恐怕遲到了。 I’m afraid I can’t help you. 恐怕我不能幫你。 I’m afraid you’ll get caught in the rain. 恐怕你要淋雨。 (2)be afraid to do常表示“由于膽小而不敢做某事”。 e.g. She is afraid to be here alone. 她不敢單獨(dú)呆在這里。 He is afraid to jump into the river from the bridge. 他不敢從橋上跳進(jìn)河里。 (3)be afraid of(doing)sth.常表示“擔(dān)心或害怕某事(發(fā)生)”。 e.g. He was afraid to walk across the one-logged bridge because he was afraid of falling into the river. 他不敢過(guò)那個(gè)獨(dú)木橋，因?yàn)樗麚?dān)心會(huì)掉進(jìn)河水里。 I was afraid of hurting her feelings. 我擔(dān)心傷害她的感情。 We are not afraid of difficulties. 我們不怕困難。 (3)high與highly (1)high既可用作形容詞，也可用作副詞，表示具體的“高的”“高地”之意。 e.g. The wall is two metres high. 這堵墻有兩米高。 They were climbing a high mountain. 他們?cè)谂酪蛔呱健? Can you jump that high? 你能跳那么高嗎？ The kite was flying high in the sky. 風(fēng)箏在天空中高高地飛翔著。 (2)highly是副詞，表示抽象的意思，“高地，高度地”。 e.g. He is a highly skilled worker. 他是一個(gè)高度熟練的技術(shù)工人。 The headmaster thought highly of our work. 校長(zhǎng)高度評(píng)價(jià)了我們的工作。 英語(yǔ)中還有一些類似用法的副詞。 e.g. He went on working until deep into the night. 他繼續(xù)工作到深夜。 I was deeply moved by his words. 我被他的話語(yǔ)深深地感動(dòng)了。 Open your mouth wide, please. 請(qǐng)把嘴張大。 English is widely used in the world. 英語(yǔ)在世界上得到了廣泛地使用。 4. finally, at last, in the end 三者均可表示“(經(jīng)過(guò)周折、等待、耽誤)最后，終于”之意。不同的是finally一般用在句中動(dòng)詞前面，而at last與in the end的位置則較為靈活；三者中at last語(yǔ)氣最為強(qiáng)烈，且可單獨(dú)作為感嘆句使用。 e.g. After putting it off three times, we finally managed to have a holiday in Dalian. 經(jīng)過(guò)三次延期之后，我們終于在大連度了一次假。 At last he knew the meaning of life. 他終于明白了生命的真諦。 Smith has passed the exam at last. 史密斯終于通過(guò)了考試。 The tax-man always gets you in the end. 收稅的人最后總是能找到你的。 But in the end he gave in. 但他最后還是屈服了。 At last! Where on earth have you been? 總算找到你了！你到底上哪兒去了？ 另外，finally還可用在列舉事項(xiàng)時(shí)，引出最后一個(gè)內(nèi)容，相當(dāng)于lastly。 e.g. Firstly, we should make a plan; secondly, we should carry it out; finally we should make a conclusion. 首先，我們要制定計(jì)劃。其次，我們要執(zhí)行計(jì)劃。最后，我們要進(jìn)行總結(jié)。 IV、能力訓(xùn)練 1.單句改錯(cuò) 1. The baby after whom she is looking is my little nephew. 簡(jiǎn)析：after應(yīng)置于looking之后，短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞look after不能拆開。 2. I saw all the apples which were on the table fall off into the floor. 簡(jiǎn)析：應(yīng)將which改為that。當(dāng)先行詞被all, any, few, little, no等詞修飾時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)選用that,不能用which。 3. The speaker raised his voice but still couldn’t make himself hearing. 簡(jiǎn)析：應(yīng)將hearing改為heard。make oneself heard意為“讓別人聽到自己的聲音”?！癿ake oneself+過(guò)去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中，過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)oneself與賓補(bǔ)之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。 4. This is the only bus which there is to the village. 簡(jiǎn)析：將“which”改為“that”。在這個(gè)句子中，that there is to the village是定語(yǔ)從句，是there be句型，修飾其先行詞bus。而且先行詞bus被the only修飾。bus在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，to the village也作bus的定語(yǔ)。整個(gè)句子意為“這是惟一通往那個(gè)村莊的一輛汽車”。 2. 翻譯填空 （1）家庭電腦的銷售量近年來(lái)上升很快。 Sales of home puters _______ ______ _______ in recent years. 答案： have taken off （2） 這個(gè)頻道每天早晨7點(diǎn)鐘開始播放。 This channel es ________ ________ ________ every morning at 7 a.m. 答案： on the air （3）他認(rèn)為他的成功是靠運(yùn)氣而不是因?yàn)樽约河心芰Α? He _______ his success more _______ luck than to ability. 答案: owes; to （4）他找到一份在國(guó)外的工作，他們的婚姻就在那時(shí)開始出現(xiàn)問(wèn)題。 Their marriage started to _______ ________ when he got a job abroad. 答案： go wrong （5） 我遲到的原因是沒(méi)趕上公共汽車。 The reason ________ ________ _______ is that I missed the bus. 答案： why I’m late