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2019-2020年高中英語 Unit4 Astronomy Reading 新人教必修3 課前預(yù)習(xí) 一. 語言知識學(xué)習(xí)： 1.solid n. 固體 adj. 固體的；實(shí)心的,無空隙的；結(jié)實(shí)的，堅(jiān)固的 2.be to (do): (something) will definitely happen, or it must happen 不可避免要發(fā)生或必須發(fā)生 3.in time (for sth/to do sth): not late 及時(shí)；不遲She was in time for the class. She will be back in time to prepare dinner. 她來得及回來準(zhǔn)備晚飯。 in time: sooner or later; eventually 遲早；最后 You will realize your dream in time. I’ll see him in time. 總有一天我會(huì)遇見 in/out of time: in/not in the correct time 合/不合節(jié)拍 The audience clapped in time to the music.觀眾合著音樂的節(jié)拍拍手。 4. to begin with 以。。。為開始，開始做。。。 Knowledge begins with practice. to begin with首先，最初，第一 To begin with,I couldn`t understand every word. 5. explode 1). （使某物）炸開，爆炸 2). （指感情）激發(fā) 3). （指人口）突然或迅速增加 explosion n. 爆炸（聲） explosive adj.爆炸性的，易爆炸的 n.炸藥，爆炸物 6.as well as 除。。。之外還。。。，既。。。又 I am learning French as well as English. 7.lay eggs 產(chǎn)卵，孵蛋 lie lies lied lied lying 撒謊 lie lies lay lain lying 躺，位于 lay lays laid laid laying 放置，下蛋 8.remain作系動(dòng)詞，意為“保持；仍然是”，后面可以跟名詞 形容詞 分詞等做表語；作不及物動(dòng)詞意為“剩下”，后接被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)的不定式意為“有待于”。 remaining 剩下的；remains 剩余物，遺跡 9.prevent…from doing sth./ stop…from doing sth. /keep…from doing sth.阻止某人做某事 10.on earth 到底，究竟（多用于疑問句）；在地球上 on the earth在地球上 11.in all directions 向各個(gè)方向 12.cool adj.涼快；冷靜；冷淡v. 使）變冷；冷靜下來 cool down冷卻下來 13.be very / much / quite / entirely / totally different from與…不同 There are differences between…and… …與…之間有不同之處 14.tell…from… 把…與…區(qū)分開來 15.the same as… 與…一樣 be similar to 與…相似 16.allow vt.允許，許可 allow+n./pron./doing allow sb. to do be allowed to do 17.be harmful to 對…有害 do harm to sb. = do sb. harm 傷害某人，對某人有害處 18.multiply (數(shù)目上)增加,增多；乘；（使）繁殖 19encourage 鼓舞；促進(jìn)；慫恿。后接名詞、代詞，也可接不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語。 21.development (1)[U]成長,發(fā)育；發(fā)展(過程)；擴(kuò)展 (2)[C]開發(fā)區(qū), 新社區(qū) a new housing development 新建住宅區(qū) （3) [C]進(jìn)化,進(jìn)展；新情況,新聞 What are the latest developments?The use of puters in teaching is a recent development. 教學(xué)上使用計(jì)算機(jī)是新近才有的事. 22.late adj. 遲到的，晚的；前任的；以前的；已故的 later adv. 后來，較晚時(shí)候,過后 adj. late的比較級(更遲的,更后的 latest adj. 最新的 lately adv. =recently 近來 23.grow into生長成為,漸漸成為或變得…（不用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)） 24.It’s generally believed that…一般認(rèn)為… generally speaking 一般而言，概括來說 25.阻止某人做某事 : prevent sb. (from) doing sth. stop sb. (from) doing sth. keep sb. from doing sth. 26.depend on 信任，依靠 depend on it 沒問題，請放心（句末或句首） That /It (all) depends. 那得看情況而定 count on sb.指望，依靠 depend on sb. trust (in) sb. believe in sb. 信任某人 27.give birth to 生育，產(chǎn)生 28.in one`s turn輪到某人；by turns輪流, 交替；take turns輪流, 依次 29.feed 喂養(yǎng)，飼養(yǎng) feed on以...為食 feed...with...用...喂養(yǎng)... 30.for the first time第一次；the first time后加從句，意為“第一次...” 31.as a result結(jié)果；as a result of...意為“...的結(jié)果” 32.cheer up 感到高興，使振奮 33.now that既然 34.break out爆發(fā) 35.die out 滅絕；die down漸弱，消退；die off相繼死去；die away(風(fēng), 聲音)漸息, 漸弱, (樹木等)漸漸凋零, 枯萎(根未死), 假死 二.把下列事件按時(shí)間順序排列： 1. Insects and amphibians appeared. 2. Dinosaurs appeared. 3. The earth became a solid ball. 4. Small plants grew on the water. 5. Reptiles appeared. 6. Plants began to grow on dry land. 7. The earth was a cloud of dust. 8. Water appeared on the earth. 9. Shellfish and other fish appeared. 10. The universe began with a “Big Bang”. 11. Clever animals with hands and feet appeared. 12. Mammals appeared. 排列順序： 三．預(yù)習(xí)課文并根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容填空： Many millions of years later, the arrival of _______________________________encouraged the ____________of early ________________________. Next,__________________ began to appear _________. Later ____________ appeared. Some were________. Others, called__________,were able to live on lands as well as __________. When the plants grew into forests, _________appeared for the first time. After they disappeared, _________became more important. They were the last group of animals different from all life forms in the past because they _________to young babies and _________milk from within their bodies. 實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練 一．用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空： make watch wonder be cool multiply begin exist explode Where do we e from? How did the universe ____1______ ? When we ____2___ the stars through the telescope, we ___3______ why the universe ____4____ . After the “Big Bang” ,the earth ___5___ just a cloud of energetic dust. Somehow it ____6_____ loudly with fire and rock, which ___7___ the earth’s atmosphere. As the earth ____8___ down water _____9__ to appear on its surface, which was important for the beginning of life. Then living things ____10______ on the earth. 二.用課文中的詞匯填空： After the “Big Bang”, the earth was just a cloud of __1____ dust. It ____2___ loudly with fire and rock, which were _______3_______ to produced the water vapor, _________4__ and other gases. Then small plants grew. They _____5___ and filled the oceans and seas with oxygen. Many millions of years later the first green plants began to ____6_____ on land. When the plants grew into forests, ___7____ appeared for the first time. They produced young generally by _____8___ eggs. When dinosaurs disappeared, _______9__ became more important. Now small clever animals with __10________ appeared and ___11____ all over the world. As time went by they covered the earth and they are putting too much carbon dioxide into the __12_________, which __13________heat ________14_________ the earth into space. Whether life will continue on earth for millions of years to e will ___15______ whether this problem can be solved. 三. 找出下面句中錯(cuò)誤并改正過來： 1.If this is the only way to realize our goals is known to us all. 2.That is still uncertain where we should go first. 3．Your position is quite all right except that there is a few spelling mistakes. 4.Why we are worried about is that we can hardly have enough money to buy such an expensive car. 5.Is it likely what the valuable cultural relics will be destroyed because of the money? 6.Whomever needs help can turn to him for advice. 四. 單項(xiàng)選擇： 1. —Why do you look worried? —There are so many problems . A.remaining to settle B. remained settling C.remaining to be settled D. remained to be settled 2. ＿＿＿＿h(yuǎn)e can pass the college entrance examination remains uncertain. A. If B. Whether C. That D. What 3. ＿＿＿＿makes this pany popular is that it offers good post-sale services. A. What B. Who C. Whatever D. Whoever 4. What we used to think ＿＿＿＿＿impossible now does seem possible. A. is B. was C. has been D. will be 5. ______words and expressions have e into the English language from American English. A. A large amount of B. Masses of C. A great deal of D. Many a 6. How the big forest fire has ＿＿＿＿remains to be a mystery. A. taken place B. turned up C. broken out D. broken up 7. ------ I’m thinking of the test tomorrow. I’m afraid I can’t pass this time. ------ ＿＿＿＿! I’m sure you’ll make it. A. Go ahead B. Good luck C. No problem D. Cheer up 8. ______ seems strange to us is ______ the troublesome boy is getting on well with all his teachers. A. It, that B. It, how C. What, that D. What, how 9. Going on a trip into ＿＿＿＿space must be quite ＿＿＿＿exciting experience. A. / ; the B. the; the C. the; an D./ ; an 10. China is a ＿＿＿＿country, but America is a ＿＿＿＿country. A. developing; developing B. developed; developed B. developing; developed C. developed; developing 反饋檢測 一．把下列句子譯成漢語: 1.What it was to bee was a mystery until the dust began to slowly bine into a ball moving around the sun. 2.The problem was that the earth became violent because it was not clear whether the solid shape was to last or not. 3. It allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases, which had bee part of the earth’s atmosphere, into the oceans and seas. 4. Whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to e will depend on whether this problem can be solved. 二.閱讀理解： A Sometimes life gets a little dull. What used to be fun and different bees boring. That is the time to look for something new. It is the time for a big idea to get your mind off everyday life. So why not search for extra-terrestrial（外星的）intelligence? Or even better, why not get your puter to do it for you? Over two million people have joined the Search for Extra-terrestrial Intelligence (SETI) project. Based in California, the SETI project analyses information taken from a giant radio telescope based in South America. Its task is to look for signals from outer space that might prove that life exists on other planets. Processing this information is far too big a job for one puter. So the SETI project workers divide the work among volunteers who visit their website. Each puter gets some information to work out from the SETI network through the Internet. This process is often known as “metaputing”. It is a wonderful thought. You are sleeping, eating a meal or going out with friends. All this time, your puter is searching the stars for signs that might show something is out there trying to get in touch. Volunteers are proud of being involved in the SETI project. It shows that they understand the potential of puting. They know that it is more than just a way of working or playing games. Metaputing may also be creating intelligence as well as looking for it. This idea is based on the theory that human intelligence is created by the way in which different parts of the brain municate with each other. As the saying goes, “The whole is more than the sum of its parts.” People who join the SETI project sometimes wonder whether their puter will bee part of a huge network that has learned to think for itself. 閱讀文章，選擇正確答案： 1. When you are involved in the SETI project, you _____. A. have to work in front of your puter B.should analyse information from other puters C. don’t have to connect your puter to the network D. don’t have to sit in front of your puter 2. Which of the following shows the right order in which the SETI network works? A. Radio telescope→SETI website→Volunteers’ puter→SETI base B. Radio telescope→SETI base→SETI website→Volunteers’ puter C. SETI base→SETI website→Volunteers’ puters→Radio telescope D. SETI base→Radio telescope→SETI website→Volunteers’ puters 3. The underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refers to _____. A. metaputing B. human intelligence C. the SETI project D. extra-terrestrial intelligence 4. The passage mainly tells us about _____. A. a new way to work and play games B. a new way to work on the puter C. a new way to search for life outside the earth D. a new way to make life interesting and different 根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容填空： You can make your life interesting and different___5____ ___6_____the search for Extra- terrestrial Intelligence. After joining the project, you need to use your puter to get some infor- mation to＿7＿＿ ＿＿8＿＿from the SETI network____9____ the Internet. This process is often__10_____ as the Metaputing.____11 ___the SETI project are proud of what they are doing. They think it is __12____ ____13___ just a way of working or playing games. Beijing plans to build huge free or low-cost parking lots beyond the Fourth and Fifth Ring Roads to encourage more car owners to take buses or subways to the downtown area. The plan is just one of the many measures the city plans to take to reduce its traffic congestion. Low or no parking fees would be used as economic leverage to reduce growing parking demands from urban areas. Car owners living in the suburbs will be encouraged to park their cars beyond the Fourth and Fifth Ring Roads and take buses or subways to the downtown area. Statistics show that nearly one quarter of the city’s traffic flow is concentrated in the 62-square-kilometre downtown area within the Second Ring Road, which makes up only 12 percent of the city’s total area. The Beijing Traffic Management Bureau receives between 400 and 500 calls reporting traffic jams every day and more than 90 percent of the roads are filled to capacity during rush hour every morning and evening. Part of the problem is the lack of easy links between bus routes, subways and cars. According to the munication mission, half of the city’s investment in transportation will go towards public transit construction in the next few years, making a jump from the current only 20 percent. Moreover, Beijing plans to change its layout by building new city centers, such as at Yizhuang, Tongzhou, Shunyi and Changping, in a bid to reduce the traffic flow to the downtown. The current layout of Beijing-expanded ring roads around the same center of the Forbidden City, is seen as the root cause of the endless traffic jams. The downtown area is crowded with three business centers and one financial centre, as well as nearly 400 government organs and institutions. Traffic experts say building more urban centers around Beijing may reduce the number of residents living in the suburbs and traveling long distances to work downtown every day, thus reducing traffic flow. 閱讀文章，選擇正確答案： 5. In the ing years, if a man beyond the Fourth Ring Road goes to work in the downtown of Beijing, he is encouraged to ____. A. take buses or subways B. take a taxi C. drive the car quickly D. park his car in a place which asks for no fees 6. According to this passage, while more and more people drive to work in rush hour in Beijing, it is likely to ____. A. save time B. cause traffic jams C. cause traffic accidents D. reduce air pollution 7. The aim in building new city centers is to ____. A. make it convenient for people to go shopping B. develop its local resources C. reduce the traffic flow to the downtown D. solve the problem of more laid-off workers 8. The passage suggests the author ____. A. is tired of driving to work B. finds it costs less to take subways than to drive C. is for the plan to reduce Beijing’s traffic congestion D. has benefited a lot by driving to the downtown every day 9.把文章中劃線句子譯成漢語： ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。 第2課時(shí)：reading 課前預(yù)習(xí)： 二: 10 7 3 8 4 9 6 1 5 2 12 11 三：the first extremely small plants, later development, shellfish and all sorts of fish, green plants, on land, land animals, insects, amphibians, in the water, reptiles, mammals, gave birth to,produced, 實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練： 一.用所給動(dòng)詞的形式填空： １begin,２watch,３wonder, ４exist,５was,６exploded,７made,８cooled,９began, 10.multiplied 二.用課文中的詞匯填空： １.energetic,２exploded,３in　time,４carbon dioxide,５multiplied,６appear,７reptiles,８laying ,９mammals,１０hands and feet,１１spread,１２atmosphere,１３prevents,１４from,１５depend on 三.改錯(cuò) 1．If---Whether, 2.That----It,　3.第二個(gè)is---are,　4. Why---What,　5.what--that, 6.Whomever---Whoever 四.單項(xiàng)選擇： 1-5 CBABB 6-10 CDCDC 反饋檢測： 一．把下列句子譯成漢語: 1．隨后它會(huì)變成什么曾經(jīng)是一個(gè)謎，直到最后這團(tuán)塵埃開始慢慢地合成一個(gè)環(huán)繞太陽運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的球狀物。 2．問題是地球（開始）變得激烈動(dòng)蕩，不知道這個(gè)固體形狀是否會(huì)繼續(xù)存在下去。 3．它使得地球得以把曾經(jīng)存在于大氣層中的有害氣體，溶解在海洋里。 4．在未來的千百萬年中，生命能否在地球上延續(xù)將取決于這個(gè)問題能否得到解決。 二.閱讀理解： A.1-4 BDDD 根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容填空： 5.by 6.joining,7.work 8.out,9.through,10.known,11.Volunteers,12.more 13.than B.5-8ABCC 翻譯 數(shù)據(jù)顯示，將近四分之一的城市車流集中在二環(huán)路以內(nèi)60平方公里的市區(qū)，這只占據(jù)城市總面積的百分之十二。