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1、專題限時(shí)訓(xùn)練(二十)　[文化教育型閱讀理解(二)] (限時(shí)：25分鐘) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (一) Human remains of ancient settlements will be reburied and lost to science under a law that threatens research into the history of humans in Britain, a group of leading archeologists (考古學(xué)家) say. In a letter addressed to the justice secr

2、etary, Ken Clarke, 40 archaeologists write of their “deep and widespread concern” about the issue. It centres on the law introduced by the Ministry of Justice in 2008 which requires all human remains unearthed in England and Wales to be reburied within two years, regardless of their age. The decisio

3、n means scientists have too little time to study bones and other human remains of national and cultural significance. “Your current requirement that all archaeologically unearthed human remains should be reburied, whether after a standard period of two years or a further special extension, is contr

4、ary to basic principles of archaeological and scientific research and of museum practice，” they write. The law applies to any pieces of bone uncovered at around 400 dig sites, including the remains of bodies found at Stonehenge in 2008 that date back to 3，000 BC.Archaeologists have been granted a t

5、emporary extension to give them more time, but eventually the bones will have to be returned to the ground. The arrangements may result in the waste of future discoveries at sites such as Happisburgh in Norfolk, where digging is continuing after the discovery of stone tools made by early humans 950

6、，000 years ago. If human remains were found at Happisburgh, they would be the oldest in northern Europe and the first indication of what this species was. Under the current practice of the law, those remains would have to be reburied and effectively destroyed. Before 2008, guidelines allowed for th

7、e proper preservation and study of bones of sufficient age and historical interest, while the Burial Act 1857 applied to more recent remains. The Ministry of Justice assured archaeologists two years ago that the law was temporary, but has so far failed to revise it. Mike Parker Pearson, an archaeol

8、ogist at Sheffield University, said, “Archaeologists have been extremely patient because we were led to believe the ministry was sorting out this problem, but we feel that we cannot wait any longer.” The ministry has no guidelines on where or how remains should be reburied, or on what records shoul

9、d be kept. 1．According to the passage, scientists are unhappy with the law mainly because ________． A．it is only a temporary measure on the human remains B．it is unreasonable and thus destructive to scientific research C．it was introduced by the government without their knowledge D．it is vague

10、about where and how to rebury human remains 2．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A．Temporary extension of two years will guarantee scientists enough time. B．Human remains of the oldest species were dug out at Happisburgh. C．Human remains will have to be reburied

11、despite the extension of time. D．Scientists have been warned that the law can hardly be changed. 3．What can be inferred about the British law governing human remains? A．The Ministry of Justice did not intend to protect human remains. B．The Burial Act 1857 only applied to remains uncovered before

12、 1857. C．The law on human remains hasn't changed in recent decades. D．The Ministry of Justice has not done enough about the law. 4．Which of the following might be the main idea of the passage? A．New discoveries should be reburied, the government demands. B．Research time should be extended, scie

13、ntists require. C．Law on human remains needs thorough discussion, authorities say. D．Law could bury ancient secrets forever, archeologists warn. (二) Looking for some inspiration or ideas for your creative stories? To start with, some writers describe winter by using their five senses or their im

14、agination. Others write on their favourite winter activities. Whatever you choose to write about, working on a winter story can always help to improve your writing skills. Now read the following story and see if it helps get rid of any icy writing block you've been struggling with. Beep, beep. Beep

15、-beep: the alarm clock rang. Slowly, I got out of warm bed down onto the wooden floor which the winter had thrown its cold upon. The bitter cold temperature penetrated (穿透)my socks and I hurried to put my feet in shoes. Looking out of the window, I watched the white snow, soft and thick, drop ont

16、o rooftops and trees. Half an hour later, finishing the last of my hot chocolate, I prepared to enter the adventure that waited for me outside. I buttoned my jacket and fastened my boots. Hat on, I opened the door and was greeted by the winter coldness. In the depths of winter, the early morning di

17、d not have the rush of the rest of the year. Most of my neighbours were put off by the cold, and stayed in bed until the sun had climbed higher into the sky. Unseen by those who remained locked inside their homes, warm in their beds, I enjoyed being alone with the beauty of the wintertime. Those in

18、doors were unable to appreciate the snow-scapes, ice crystals, frost and the crisp(清新的)breeze. For them, the coming of winter meant just the arrival of the cold. Appreciation depends on contrasts. One cannot love the warmth of April if one has not known the freezing cold of winter. Later that year,

19、 the heat of the sun on my skin would be wonderful for my memories of that cold morning and others like it. 1．The underlined word “adventure” refers to“________”． A．getting out of bed on the cold winter morning B．enjoying the loveliness of the winter outdoors C．going skiing on the cold winter mo

20、rning D．throwing snowballs with friends 2．According to the story, most of the neighbours ________． A．didn't work in winter B．stayed up late in winter C．missed the beauty of winter D．enjoyed the seasons except winter 3．Which of these statements is TRUE according to the story? A．Of all the sea

21、sons, the writer loves winter most. B．The writer regrets that he went out on the freezing cold winter morning. C．The writer believes contrasts make our experiences of the seasons lovelier. D．The writer values autumn and summer more than winter. 4．What function does the story mentioned in the pas

22、sage serve? A．To share some winter thoughts with readers. B．To show readers how to work on a winter story. C．To inspire readers to take more exercise in winter. D．To tell readers how to appreciate the beauty of winter. (三) Recently, a student used his Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) to film a

23、 female teacher scolding and tearing the work of a classmate. The public discussion that the incident caused started on the Internet. However, when it came to the media's attention, it quickly became a major topic in the education circles. The reactions so far suggest that the focus of the debate ha

24、s been on one question: whom to blame? Teachers who are anxious to defend their professional dignity have tried to put the blame on the students. They mentioned their right to privacy(隱私)and for this reason they requested the Ministry of Education (MOE) to prohibit PDAs in schools. On the other han

25、d, some parents and students have taken a different position. They feel that the teacher is also at fault. Caught up in the war of words between both sides, people are no longer interested in the “truth” of the matter which seems now unimportant. It was left to newspapers to discover the central poi

26、nt of the controversial issue, by stressing the problems that are not always easily noticed in our educational system. For those responsible for educating the young, this PDA incident conveys the message that “times have changed”，a reality that must have been felt even more strongly by the female t

27、eacher when reflecting on this unpleasant experience. Different times call for different professional approaches in education. The ability to understand the students they are teaching has always been the quality of successful teachers. Despite some factors, the incident shows that the teacher lacks

28、good qualities on her part. Besides, the rules under current system to deal with recalcitrant students need to be improved. Also, it is an example which shows the issue we are familiar with: what to do with new technology? With PDAs, the new technology, the interaction (交流)between the teachers and s

29、tudents in classroom has been changed. 1．The author's purpose in writing this passage is to________. A．improve the teacher's way of teaching B．stress the using of PDAs in the classroom C．change the students' behaviour in the classroom D．discuss the potential problems of educational system 2．Th

30、e underlined word “recalcitrant” in Paragraph 3 probably means“________”． A．difficult to control B．interested in nothing C．unwilling to learn D．ready to obey rules 3．The writer's attitude towards the PDA incident is________. A．optimistic B．critical C．uncertain D．a(chǎn)pprovable 4．What might

31、 be the best title for the passage? A．Whom to blame? B．The PDA incident C．Times have changed D．What to do with new technology? 專題限時(shí)訓(xùn)練(二十) (一) 【要點(diǎn)綜述】英國法律規(guī)定，所有從人類古代居地出土的遺骸，必須被重新掩埋。這一決定意味著科學(xué)家們將沒有足夠的時(shí)間研究具有民族文化的遺骨及其他遺物。 1．B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從文章可以看出，科學(xué)家對(duì)這項(xiàng)法律不滿主要是因?yàn)檫@項(xiàng)法律對(duì)科學(xué)研究的影響是毀滅性的。 2．C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段可知，盡管延長

32、了時(shí)間，但是出土的人類遺骸終究還是要被埋回去的。 3．D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段最后一句話“The Ministry of Justice assured archaeologists two years ago that the law was temporary，but has so far failed to revise it.”可知，盡管The Ministry of Justice兩年前向考古學(xué)家保證這項(xiàng)法律是暫時(shí)的，但是他們到現(xiàn)在還是沒能修改這項(xiàng)法律，所以他們的工作做得不到位。 4．D　主旨大意題。這項(xiàng)法律的危害在第四段有詳細(xì)陳述，對(duì)于這項(xiàng)法律，反對(duì)的是考古學(xué)家們，所以他

33、們才是呼吁修改法律的主要對(duì)象，這樣可以排除其他三項(xiàng)。 (二) 【要點(diǎn)綜述】本文通過一篇短文教我們?nèi)绾螌懞投煊嘘P(guān)的文章。 1．B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。短文的第五段“Unseen by those who remained locked inside their homes，warm in their beds，I enjoyed being alone with the beauty of the wintertime.”說明這里的adventure就是指在寒冷的天氣里獨(dú)自到室外活動(dòng)。故B正確。 2．C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)短文第五段“Those indoors were unable to ap

34、preciate the snow-scapes，ice crystals，frost and the crisp(清新的)breeze.For them，the coming of winter meant just the arrival of the cold.”可知，很多人都錯(cuò)過了冬天的美景。故C正確。 3．C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章最后一段說明C正確。 4．B　推理判斷題。文章第一段“Whatever you choose to write about，working on a winter story can always help to improve your writing s

35、kills.Now read the following story and see if it helps get rid of any icy writing block you've been struggling with.”說明這篇小短文是告訴我們?nèi)绾螌懪c冬天有關(guān)的作品。故B正確。 (三) 【要點(diǎn)綜述】本文就一段由學(xué)生用PDA錄制的視頻展開討論。在科技迅速發(fā)展的今天，應(yīng)該責(zé)備學(xué)生侵犯了老師的個(gè)人隱私，還是整個(gè)教育系統(tǒng)的教育模式應(yīng)該做出適應(yīng)科技發(fā)展的改革？ 1．D　作者意圖題。根據(jù)文章可知作者意在討論教育體系的潛在問題。故選D項(xiàng)。 2．A　詞義猜測題。由第三段中“Besides

36、，the rules under current system to deal with recalcitrant students need to be improved.”的關(guān)鍵詞rules 和to deal with 可知，規(guī)則要針對(duì)的必然是難管理的學(xué)生。故選A項(xiàng)。 3．B　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Despite some factors，the incident shows that the teacher lacks good qualities on her part.Besides，the rules under current system to deal with recalcitrant students need to be improved.”可以判斷出，作者對(duì)整個(gè)事件持批判態(tài)度。故選B項(xiàng)。 4．A　主旨大意題。文章以PDA事件為引子，探討現(xiàn)行教育存在的問題，及誰該對(duì)此問題負(fù)責(zé)。故選A項(xiàng)。