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1、專(zhuān)題限時(shí)訓(xùn)練(二十一) 　[史地自然型閱讀理解(一)] (限時(shí)：25分鐘) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (一) The Pacific island nation of Nauru used to be a beautiful place.Now it is an ecological disaster area.Nauru's heartbreaking story could have one good consequence—other countries might learn from its mistakes. For thousands of years，

2、Polynesian people lived in the remote island of Nauru，far from western civilization.The first European to arrive was John Fearn in 1798.He was the British captain of the Hunter, a whaling ship.He called the island Pleasant Island. However, because it was very remote, Nauru had little communication

3、with Europeans at first.The whaling ships and other traders began to visit，bringing guns and alcohol.These elements destroyed the social balance of the twelve family groups on the island.A ten-year civil war started，which reduced the population from 1，400 to 900. Nauru's real troubles began in 1899

4、 when a British mining company discovered phosphate(磷酸鹽)on the island.In fact，it found that the island of Nauru was nearly all phosphate，which was a very important fertilizer for farming.The company began mining the phosphate. A phosphate mine was not a hole in the ground；it was a strip mine.When a

5、 company strip-mined，it removed the top layer of soil.Then it took away the material it wanted.Strip mining totally destroyed the land.Gradually, the lovely island of Nauru started to look like the moon. In 1968，Nauru became one of the richest countries in the world.Every year the government receiv

6、ed millions and millions of dollars for its phosphate. Unfortunately, the leaders invested the money unwisely and lost millions of dollars.In addition，they used millions more dollars for personal expenses.Soon people realized that they had a terrible problem—their phosphate was running out.Ninety p

7、ercent of their island was destroyed and they had nothing.By 2000，Nauru was financially ruined.Experts say that it would take approximately$433，600，000 and more than 20 years to repair the island.This will probably never happen. 1．What might be the author's purpose in writing the text? A．To seek h

8、elp for Nauru's problems. B．To give a warning to other countries. C．To show the importance of money. D．To tell a heartbreaking story of a war. 2．What was Nauru like before the Europeans came? A．Rich and powerful. B．Modern and open. C．Peaceful and attractive. D．Greedy and aggressive. 3．The e

9、cological disaster in Nauru resulted from________． A．soil pollution B．phosphate overmining C．farming activity D．whale hunting 4．What can we learn about Nauru from the last paragraph? A．The ecological damage is difficult to repair. B．The leaders will take the experts' words seriously. C．The i

10、sland was abandoned by the Nauruans. D．The phosphate mines were destroyed. (二) Squirrels often communicate with whistles, chirps and chucks, which sound like the word “chuck”. Whistles and chirps are like the sounds that many birds make.Now scientists have translated some of their squirrel-speak.

11、 Hare, a professor of zoology at the University of Maniloha in Winnipeg, and his team managed to record squirrels' alarm calls.The researchers studied the sounds and then played them back to 60 wild squirrels, which the scientists approached individually with a video recorder to capture(抓拍)their re

12、sponses.Some squirrels lifted their heads up and became alert(警惕的)．Creatures that were more frightened simply ran for their lives and dived into caves. “In effect then, whistles that mix with chucks say ‘there's an enemy of average threat that's here’， and whistles without chucks say ‘there's an en

13、emy of seemingly average threat around here somewhere’， while pure chirps say, ‘I'm hiding here because there's an immediate danger.’” Hare told. Hare and some other researchers believe such sounds are part of an advanced language that develops just as all other communication systems. Although squ

14、irrels risk their lives when they call out to warn others of threats, other squirrels might admire this behaviour, thus increasingly the caller's social status, like humans who look up to heroes. Hare added that other animals, such as birds, probably understand at least some squirrel language, since

15、 they also may benefit from the alarm calls. In fact, another Canadian study found that deep-voiced, black-capped chickadees have their own language, too.According to certain research, there are a lot of tidings in chickadees' calls, such as directing fellows' activities, keeping in contact between

16、 mates, and raising alarms. While chickadees and other birds are often welcomed into gardens by homeowners, squirrels are frequently viewed as pests(害獸). Hare wishes a greater understanding of the complex social lives and communication systems of squirrels will provide “hope that humans will gain a

17、 greater appreciation and stop doing harm to these animals”． 1．The text mainly talks about ________． A．the study on the language of squirrels B．the comparison between squirrels and chickadees C．the calling for the protection of squirrels D．the ways for squirrels to escape from their enemie

18、s 2．If a squirrel is in a very dangerous situation, it would probably make ________． A．whistles with chucks B．pure chirps C．whistles without chucks D．repeated chucks 3．The underlined word “tidings” in Paragraph 6 probably means “________”． A．difficulties B．poises C．messages D．languages 4．

19、What can be learned from this text? A．Squirrels communicate with each other as humans do. B．Some squirrels understand the recorded alarm calls. C．Other animals also well understand the language of squirrels. D．Birds such as chickadees don't have their own language. (三) It's only 4 hours flying

20、 time from Sydney, but a world away. What better place to rest than a country where the only place people hurry is on the football field and things are done in “Fiji time”？ Viti Levu is the largest island. Here you'll find the capital Suva and the international airport at Nadi. Vatoa, on the other

21、hand, is a tiny island in the farthest part of Fiji. Then there are 331 other islands, many of them with places to stay. With less than a million people living on islands, you'll never feel crowded. And with a climate that changes only for five degrees between seasons, there's never a bad time to

22、come. From cities to villages, from mountains to beaches, from water sports to wooden artworks, Fiji can give you more adventures and special experiences than you could find almost anywhere in the world. Whenever you come, wherever you go，you're sure to see some unforgettable events，from war dance

23、s to religious (宗教的) songs, from market days to religious days. It's not just staged for tourists; it's still a part of everyday life in Fiji. And any one of us can enjoy Fiji's spirit by being part of the traditional (傳統(tǒng)的) sharing of yaqona—a drink made from the root of a Fiji plant. So why not j

24、oin us for the experience of a lifetime? 1．Where is the international airport of Fiji? A．In Suva. B．In Sydney. C．On the island of Vatoa. D．On the island of Viti Levu. 2．What does the text tell us about Fijian people? A．They invented “Fiji time” for visitors. B．They stick to a traditional way

25、 of life. C．They like to travel from place to place. D．They love taking adventures abroad. 3．One of the things that make Fiji a tourist attraction is ________． A．its comfortable hotels B．its good weather all year round C．its exciting football matches D．its religious beliefs 4．Where can we mo

26、st probably read this text? A．In a personal diary. B．In a science report. C．In a travel magazine. D．In a geography textbook. 專(zhuān)題限時(shí)訓(xùn)練(二十一) (一) 【要點(diǎn)綜述】文章主要講述了太平洋島國(guó)瑙魯如何從一個(gè)環(huán)境優(yōu)美的天堂島變成一個(gè)生態(tài)失衡、滿目瘡痍的小島。 1．B　 寫(xiě)作意圖題。由文章第一段的“Now it is an ecological disaster area.Nauru's heartbreaking story could have

27、one good consequence—other countries might learn from its mistakes.”可以看出，作者的目的是給當(dāng)前很多只注重發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)而忽略環(huán)境保護(hù)的國(guó)家一個(gè)警告。故選B項(xiàng)。 2. C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第一段提到的“太平洋上的國(guó)家瑙魯島曾經(jīng)是一個(gè)美麗的地方”看出，瑙魯島是attractive；由第二段第一句以及第三段第一句可知，上千年來(lái)，瑙魯島的人們生活在偏遠(yuǎn)的小島上，過(guò)著平靜的生活。故選C項(xiàng)。 3．B　 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由最后一段的“Soon people realized that they had a terrible problem—the

28、ir phosphate was running out.Ninety percent of their island was destroyed and they had nothing.”可以得知“磷酸鹽逐漸減少，開(kāi)采殆盡”。由此可以看出，“磷酸鹽的過(guò)量開(kāi)采”導(dǎo)致了生態(tài)災(zāi)難。故選B項(xiàng)。 4．A　 推理判斷題。文章最后告訴我們：Experts say that it would take approximately $433，600，000 and more than 20 years to repair the island.也就是說(shuō)，瑙魯島上的生態(tài)損失彌補(bǔ)起來(lái)需要大量的資金和時(shí)間，即選

29、項(xiàng)所說(shuō)的“修復(fù)起來(lái)很難”。故選A項(xiàng)。 (二) 【要點(diǎn)綜述】本文主要講了Hare以及他帶領(lǐng)的團(tuán)隊(duì)對(duì)松鼠們所使用的語(yǔ)言進(jìn)行的研究。 1．A　主旨大意題?？v觀全文可以看出，文章向我們講述了Hare以及他帶領(lǐng)的團(tuán)隊(duì)對(duì)松鼠們所使用的語(yǔ)言進(jìn)行的研究。 2．B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章中的內(nèi)容可以看出，B項(xiàng)正確。 3．C　詞義猜測(cè)題。下文such as 后面列舉的directing fellows' activities，keeping in contact between mates，and raising alarms都是不同的信息，由此可以看出，該詞和message同義。 4．B　推理判斷題。從

30、文章第二段中“Some squirrels lifted their heads up and became alert(警惕的)．Creatures that were more frightened simply ran for their lives and dived into caves.”可以看出，松鼠們對(duì)于“the recorded alarm calls”反應(yīng)很敏感，也就是說(shuō)它們能理解。 (三) 【要點(diǎn)綜述】本文是一篇描寫(xiě)旅游景點(diǎn)的文章，描寫(xiě)了斐濟(jì)這個(gè)國(guó)家的旅游資源，如維提島(Viti Levu)，斐濟(jì)第一大島。還描寫(xiě)了它的氣候(僅僅5度的溫度變化)、各種運(yùn)動(dòng)以及保留完美的

31、土著傳統(tǒng)等等。 1．D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段“Viti Levu is the largest island.Here you'll find the capital Suva and the international airport at Nadi.”可知選D。 2．B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第五段講述的是當(dāng)?shù)厝藗兊纳?，可以看出他們還堅(jiān)持著傳統(tǒng)的生活方式。如：And any one of us can enjoy Fiji's spirit by being part of the traditional(傳統(tǒng)的) sharing of yaqona—a drink made from the root of a Fiji plant. 3．B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段“With less than a million people living on islands，you'll never feel crowded.And with a climate that changes only for five degrees between seasons，there's never a bad time to come.”可知選B。 4．C　推理判斷題。文章介紹的就是斐濟(jì)這個(gè)國(guó)家的旅游資源，所以文章出現(xiàn)在旅游雜志上最為合適。