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2019-2020年高中英語 Unit 2 Language教案 牛津譯林版必修3 【美文閱讀】 The official UN languages 在目前尚存的數(shù)千種語言中，使用人口超過100萬的語言有140多種，但使用最為廣泛的是聯(lián)合國的六種官方語言。 The United Nations was founded in 1945 after World War Ⅱ to stop wars between countries，and to provide a platform for dialogue.The headquarters of the United Nations is in New York.There are 193 members now.The official languages of the United Nations are the six languages.They are Arabic，Chinese，English，F(xiàn)rench，Russian and Spanish. When the UN was founded，five official languages were chosen：English，F(xiàn)rench，Chinese，Russian and Spanish.Arabic was added in 1973.There languages are used at meetings.They are also used for the dissemination(宣傳)of official documents.These six languages are all working languages in the General Assembly(聯(lián)合國大會(huì))and in the Economic and Social Council.They are also the working languages of the Security Council.The working languages at the UN Secretariat are only English and French. Language Days at the UN In xx，the UNs Department of Public Information announced an initiative of six“l(fā)anguage days”to be observed throughout the year，one for each official language，with the goal of celebrating linguistic diversity(語言的多樣性)and learning about the importance of crosscultural munication.The days and their historical significance are： UN Arabic Language Day：December 18th.It is the date on which the United Nations General Assembly chose Arabic as the sixth official language of the United Nations in 1973. UN Chinese Language Day：April 20th.It is also the day to honor Cang Jie，the ancient Chinese mythical figure who invented Chinese characters. UN English Language Day：April 23rd.The date is traditionally regarded as the death of William Shakespeare. UN French Language Day：March 20th.It is the date of International Francophonie Day(全球法語日)． UN Russian Language Day：June 6th.It is the birthday of Alexander Pushkin. UN Spanish Language Day：October 12th.Its the date of Columbus Day. 【誘思導(dǎo)學(xué)】 1．Which two languages are the working languages of the UN Secretariat? 2．When do people celebrate UN Chinese Language Day? 【答案】　1.English and French.　2.On April 20th. Period ⅠPreviewing (教師用書獨(dú)具) ●教學(xué)目標(biāo) 本課時(shí)主要是通過學(xué)生對(duì)學(xué)案所給出的內(nèi)容的學(xué)習(xí)，了解本課文中所出現(xiàn)的詞匯，初步了解課文以及相關(guān)的背景知識(shí)，為下一堂課對(duì)課文的全面理解起到一個(gè)鋪墊作用。 ●教學(xué)地位 本課時(shí)主要講述英語的發(fā)展歷史，要求學(xué)生了解英語的歷史及其發(fā)展，使學(xué)生通過閱讀這篇文章掌握閱讀此類文章的閱讀策略和閱讀技巧，提高學(xué)生的閱讀能力和綜合運(yùn)用語言的能力，同時(shí)，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生提高對(duì)英語的認(rèn)識(shí)，從而增加學(xué)習(xí)英語的興趣。 (教師用書獨(dú)具) ●新課導(dǎo)入建議 建議教師以Brainstorm的形式導(dǎo)入新課 : Ask students the following questions: 1.Are you good at English? 2.What do you think is the most difficult part of studying English－pronunciation，grammar，vocabulary or anything else? 3.Do you think English has always stayed the same? ●教學(xué)流程設(shè)計(jì) 導(dǎo)入新課。?學(xué)生閱讀“美文閱讀”與“誘思導(dǎo)學(xué)”(見學(xué)案第23頁)。?學(xué)生就“美文閱讀”進(jìn)行討論，統(tǒng)一答案。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　? 學(xué)生再次閱讀課文(課本第22－23頁)并完成“語篇理解”(見學(xué)案第24頁)。?師生共同討論并統(tǒng)一答案。?讓學(xué)生快速閱讀課文，(見課本22－23頁)并完成“篇章結(jié)構(gòu)”(見學(xué)案第24頁)。 　　　　　? 學(xué)生共同討論，并讓學(xué)生發(fā)表各自見解，最后統(tǒng)一答案。?學(xué)生再次仔細(xì)閱讀課文，(課本22－23 頁)進(jìn)行深度理解，并完成“課文縮寫”(見學(xué)案第24－25頁)。?老師指導(dǎo)學(xué)生討論，共同找出答案。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　? 讓學(xué)生根據(jù)所給出的表格進(jìn)行自我評(píng)估(見學(xué)案第25頁)。?學(xué)生討論，并讓學(xué)生代表發(fā)表他們討論得出的答案，老師予以更正。?讓學(xué)生完成“知識(shí)初探”部分(見學(xué)案第25頁)。 　　　　? 老師布置作業(yè)。讓學(xué)生完成課本第24頁C1，C2，D三題，預(yù)習(xí)學(xué)案Period Ⅱ(見學(xué)案第25－30頁)。 Ⅰ.篇章結(jié)構(gòu) 閱讀P22～23的Reading部分，完成下列表格(每空1詞) Middle English In 1066 By the latter half of the 6. century In 1399 The Normans 5. England and took control of the country. 7. had e into widespread use among all classes in England. 8. became King of England and used English for all official events. Modern English During the Renaissance in the 9. century 10. English appeared. 【答案】　1.Celtic　2.9th　3.moved　4.official　5.conquered　6.14th　7.English　8.Henry Ⅳ　9.16th　10.Modern Ⅱ.語篇理解 閱讀P22～23的Reading部分，選擇最佳答案 1．What is the main reason for Englishs development? A．The borrowing from other languages. B．The mixing of different languages from different countries，and the invasions. C．Both A and B. 2．The base of Old English is . A．Celtic B．AngloSaxon C．the languages of Denmark and Norway 3．Which of the following is TRUE about the history of English? A．The language used before the middle of the 5th century is called Old English. B．Middle English started from about the 12th century and ended in the 16th century. C．Only the English we are using today is Modern English. 4．Which is the reason why French didnt have the same result as the first language in spite of its invasion? A．The Normans conquest didnt have the same result as the Germanic invasion had. B．The Normans didnt rule England as long as the Germans did. C．It is not mentioned in the passage. 5．Which of the following terms e from French? A．Beef，sheep and bacon. B．Pig，mutton and tooth. C．Beef，pork and bacon. 【答案】　1.C　2.B　3.B　4.C　5.C Ⅲ.課文縮寫 用所給單詞或短語的正確形式完成課文縮寫 official；adopt；modern；include；affect；nowadays；upper；take control of；process；contribute Throughout history，English has changed a lot.English can be divided into three sections: Old English，Middle English and 1. English.Old English is very different from the English we speak 2. .By the 10th century，Old English was the 3. language of England. Many factors 4. to the development of Middle English.In 1066，the Normans conquered England and 5. the country.After the Norman Conquest，6. class people spoke French while mon people spoke English.By the latter half of the 14th century，English was 7. by all classes in England. Modern English began during the Renaissance in the 16th century.Modern English 8. many Latin and Greek words.Pronunciation also underwent huge changes during this period.Where a person es from will 9. his style of speech.If a person from the south of England goes to the north，he may find it difficult to understand what people there are saying.It is certain that this 10. will continue. 【答案】　1.Modern　2.nowadays　3.official　4.contribute　5.took control of　6.upper　7.adopted　8.includes 9．a(chǎn)ffect　10.process Ⅰ.詞義搭配 1．defeat　 A．a(chǎn) particular way of speaking 2．lead to B．difference 3．replace C．be made up of 4．entire D．result in；cause 5．a(chǎn)ccent E．take the place of 6．Distinction F．beat sb；win a victory 7．consist of G．plete；whole 【答案】　1.F　2.D　3.E　4.G　5.A　6.B　7.C Ⅱ.短語填空 take control of；name after；play a part in；as well；go through；be made up of；aside from 1． the prize，he also got much experience and honor. 2．Last week the government the nations two biggest housing finance panies. 3．China is a big agricultural country，and agriculture(農(nóng)業(yè)) its national economy. 4．His family suggested that the robot he had invented him. 5．This book twelve separate short stories. 【答案】　1.Aside from　2.took control of　3.plays a part in　4.(should)be named after　5.is made up of Ⅲ.句型背誦 1．That is why English has so many difficult rules that confuse people. 這就是英語為什么有很多令人不解的規(guī)則。 2．In fact，we would not be able to understand it if we heard it today. 事實(shí)上，如果我們現(xiàn)在聽到古英語，我們不可能懂它的意思。 3．This is because English has many words and phrases from different languages. 這是因?yàn)橛⒄Z有很多單詞和短語來自不同的語言。 4．On the other hand，the English did borrow many words from French. 另一方面，英語確實(shí)借用了很多法語單詞。 5．It is certain that this process will continue，and people will keep inventing new words and new ways of saying things. 可以確定的是這種進(jìn)程仍會(huì)繼續(xù)，人們也會(huì)不斷地發(fā)明新詞匯和新的說話方式。  Period ⅡWele to the unit & Reading (教師用書獨(dú)具) ●教學(xué)目標(biāo) (1)熟記學(xué)案中所列出的單詞和短語。 (2)通過學(xué)案中所給出的重點(diǎn)單詞和重點(diǎn)短語的學(xué)習(xí)，讓學(xué)生能夠正確理解和使用這些單詞和短語，能夠運(yùn)用這些詞語造句。 (3)通過對(duì)這些詞匯的學(xué)習(xí)能夠更深層次的理解課文，再通過課文加深對(duì)這些詞匯的理解，更加熟練的運(yùn)用這些詞匯。 ●教學(xué)地位 學(xué)生需要打好牢固的基礎(chǔ)，因此對(duì)每一單元里的重點(diǎn)單詞、短語及句型的用法牢牢掌握，所以理解和正確使用英語單詞和短語是英語學(xué)習(xí)的重點(diǎn)所在。 (教師用書獨(dú)具) ●新課導(dǎo)入建議 教師可以以檢查上堂課所布置的作業(yè)導(dǎo)入課堂。 ●教學(xué)流程設(shè)計(jì) 老師檢查上堂課所布置的作業(yè)，檢查學(xué)生對(duì)學(xué)案預(yù)習(xí)的情況。?導(dǎo)入新課。?讓學(xué)生就“課堂互動(dòng)探究”(見學(xué)案第25－30頁)進(jìn)行討論，讓學(xué)生各自發(fā)表自己的見解，然后讓各個(gè)討論組派代表匯報(bào)各自討論結(jié)果。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　? 讓學(xué)生再次閱讀課文，(課本第 22－23頁)以加深對(duì)所學(xué)單詞與短語的理解。?老師針對(duì)難點(diǎn)和重點(diǎn)詞匯進(jìn)行講解，并補(bǔ)充學(xué)案中所遺漏的重點(diǎn)詞匯，補(bǔ)充一些必要的練習(xí)。?讓學(xué)生針對(duì)各自不同的意見展開討論，然后老師給出詳細(xì)正確答案。 　　　　　? 讓學(xué)生完成“自我評(píng)估”(學(xué)案第30頁)。?布置作業(yè)。讓學(xué)生完成課本第 25 頁 E，F(xiàn)題，“課時(shí)作業(yè)”和預(yù)習(xí)Period Ⅲ(見學(xué)案第31－34頁)。  1．be made up of由……組成(構(gòu)成) The English language is made up of the grammar and vocabulary these people brought to Britain.(P22)英語是由這些人帶到英國的語法和詞匯構(gòu)成的語言。 A car is made up of many different parts. 汽車由許多不同的部件組成。 be made in在……生產(chǎn)/制造(介詞后跟地點(diǎn)) be made into制成……(介詞后跟產(chǎn)品/制成品) be made of由……制成(能看出原材料) be made from由……制成(看不出原材料) Cotton can be made into cloth. 棉花可以制成布。 The paper is made from rice straw. 這種紙是由稻草做的。 【教師備課資源】 make的常用短語 make up化妝，打扮；和解；編造，虛構(gòu)；構(gòu)成 make out理解；看清，辨認(rèn)清楚 make up for彌補(bǔ)，補(bǔ)償 make ones way前往 make it成功 完成句子 ①這個(gè)醫(yī)療隊(duì)由五個(gè)醫(yī)生和五個(gè)護(hù)士組成。 This medical team five doctors and five nurses. ②現(xiàn)代樓房主要由磚和水泥建成。 Modern buildings bricks and concrete. ③木頭可以制成許多種家具。 Wood many kinds of furniture. ④葡萄酒是用葡萄釀制的。 Wine is grapes. ⑤我買的車是中國制造的。 The car I bought is made . 【答案】　①is made up of?、赼re often made of?、踓an be made into　④made from?、輎n China 2．occupy vt.占領(lǐng)；占用(時(shí)間、空間等)；擔(dān)任(職務(wù))，使從事 Then two Germanic groups from the European mainland－the Angles and the Saxons－occupied Britain.(P22)然后來自歐洲大陸的兩個(gè)日耳曼部落——盎格魯人和撒克遜人——占領(lǐng)了不列顛。 Is that seat occupied? 那個(gè)座位有人嗎？ He occupies an important position in the Ministry of Education.他在教育部擔(dān)任要職。 keep sb.occupied使某人忙碌 occupy oneself with/in (doing) sth. 某人忙于(做)某事 be occupied in (doing) /with sth. 忙于(做)某事；正在做某事 occupation n．職業(yè) How does he occupy himself now that hes retired? 他既已退休，那如何打發(fā)日子呢？ He was occupied in writing letters. 他正在寫信。 完成句子 ①公共汽車上所有的座位都有人了。 All the seats on the bus . ②他們占領(lǐng)這座島嶼的企圖失敗了。 They failed in their attempt to . ③她把自己一半的時(shí)間用于從事政治活動(dòng)。 Half of her time politics. 【答案】?、賥ere occupied　②occupy the island?、踚s occupied with 3．consist of 由……組成(構(gòu)成) Old English consisted of a mixture of their languages.(P22)古英語就是由他們的語言混合而成的。 This club consists of more than 300 members. 這個(gè)俱樂部由300位以上的會(huì)員組成。 He is reading a book consisting of many chapters. 他正在讀一本由許多章節(jié)組成的書。 consist of＝be made up of consist in在于；存在于；以……為主要因素 consist with和……一致 Tolerance consists in respecting the opinions of others. 寬容在于尊重別人的意見。 His statement doesnt consist with the fact. 他的陳述與事實(shí)不符。 完成句子 ①水由氫元素和氧元素構(gòu)成。 Water hydrogen and oxygen. ＝Water hydrogen and oxygen. ②這是面粉和水的混合物。 This is a mixture flour and water. ③一國之幸福以其全民之自由為首要。 The happiness of a country the freedom of its citizens. ④理論應(yīng)與實(shí)踐相一致。 Theory should . 【答案】　①consists of；is made up of　②consisting of ③consists in?、躢onsist with practice 4．name after以……命名 Both the English language and the English people are named after the Angles.(P22) 英語和英國人都是以盎格魯命名的。 The machine is named after its inventor. 這臺(tái)機(jī)器是以其發(fā)明者的名字命名的。 in (the) name of (in sb.s name) 代表某人；憑借某事物的權(quán)威 put ones name down for報(bào)名上(學(xué)、課等) under the name of用……作名字 by the name of名叫……的 Someone by the name of Henry wants to see you. 有個(gè)叫亨利的要見你。 Open，in the name of law. 以法律的名義命令你打開。 He writes under the name of Mao Dun. 他以“茅盾”這個(gè)名字發(fā)表著作。 【教師備課資源】 name的相關(guān)短語 to ones name屬于自己的(通常與no，not連用) named adj.指定的 nameless adj.無名的；匿名的 namely adv.即；也就是 注意：namely＝that is to say即；也就是 worth the name名副其實(shí) name sb.for提名某人擔(dān)任某職務(wù) 翻譯句子 ①她是根據(jù)她祖母的名字命名的。 ②我代表總統(tǒng)前來迎接你。 ③他報(bào)名參加這個(gè)社團(tuán)。 【答案】?、賁he was named after her grandmother. ②I greet you in the name of the President.?、跦e put his name down for the society. 5．a(chǎn)side from除了……；除……之外，還…… Aside from place names such as London，very few Celtic words became part of Old English.(P22)除了像“London”這樣的地名，很少凱爾特語中的單詞成為古英語的一部分。 Aside from motorcars，the factory turns out bicycles. 除了汽車之外，這家工廠還生產(chǎn)自行車。 besides/except/aside/apart from besides 意為“除了……，(還，也)”，表示的是追加關(guān)系，整體中包括了“除了”的部分。 except 意為“除了……，(其余的都)”，表示的是剔除的關(guān)系，整體中不包括“除了”的部分，except除了后面接名詞、代詞外，還可接介詞短語或從句。 aside/apart from 在不同的上下文中，既有besides的含義，又有except和except for的含義，要根據(jù)上下文來判別。 Apart from English，he has a good mand of Russian and French. 除英語外，他還精通俄語和法語。(＝besides) He has no interests，apart from his work. 他除了自己的工作外，沒什么興趣愛好。(＝except) 翻譯句子 ①他除了臉部和雙手受傷以外，兩條腿也斷了。 ②除了我的主人，在那兒我一個(gè)人也不認(rèn)識(shí)。 【答案】?、貯side/Apart from(或Besides)the injuries to his face and hands，he broke both legs.　②I didnt know a single person there apart/aside from(或except)my host. 6．official adj.官方的；正式的 n．官員；公務(wù)員 By the 10th century，Old English had bee the official language of England.(P22) 到公元10世紀(jì)，古英語已成了英國的官方語言。 You have to get official permission to build a new house.你要蓋新房必須得到正式的許可。 An official of the local government called to see him. 當(dāng)?shù)卣晃还賳T來看他。 official/officer official 是官員的總稱。凡是擔(dān)任公職的官員、公務(wù)員、行政管理人員等文職官員，均可稱為official。 officer 通常指軍官和警官；也可以指政府官員、工商企業(yè)或社會(huì)中的負(fù)責(zé)人或高級(jí)職員等一類地位重要的人物。 完成句子 ①他父親是一位政府官員。 His father is a . ②這個(gè)年輕軍官被提升為上尉。 The young was promoted to the rank of captain. 【答案】　①government official?、赼rmy officer 7．The most important contribution was from the Normans，a Frenchspeaking people who defeated England and took control of the country in 1066.(P22)最大的貢獻(xiàn)來自于講法語的諾曼人，他們?cè)?066年打敗并統(tǒng)治了英格蘭。 (1)contribution n．貢獻(xiàn)；促成因素；捐款(贈(zèng)) Roberts contribution should also be remembered. 羅伯特的貢獻(xiàn)同樣應(yīng)該久記不忘。 make contributions to (toward)對(duì)……作出貢獻(xiàn) contribute vi.& vt.捐助；捐獻(xiàn)；貢獻(xiàn)；投稿 contribute...to...向……捐獻(xiàn)(投稿) contribute to...促成；起作用；有助于 You have made great contributions to our firm. 你為公司做出了很大貢獻(xiàn)。 She has contributed several poems to magazines. 她給刊物投了幾首詩稿。 Does smoking contribute to lung cancer? 吸煙會(huì)導(dǎo)致肺癌嗎？ 單項(xiàng)填空 ①A proper amount of exercise good health. A．results from　　 B．contributes to C．a(chǎn)ttends to D．devotes to 【解析】　句意：適當(dāng)?shù)倪\(yùn)動(dòng)有助于健康。contribute to意為“導(dǎo)致，引起，促成”。 【答案】　B ②He all his time and energy to his work. A．spent B．cost C．contributed D．bined 【解析】　句意：他把他所有的精力和時(shí)間都奉獻(xiàn)給他的工作。contribute...to...把……貢獻(xiàn)給……。 【答案】　C (2)defeat vt.擊敗，戰(zhàn)勝 n．失敗，戰(zhàn)敗 The mayor defeated all opponents in the last election. 在上次競選中市長打敗了所有對(duì)手。 The hopes were defeated. 希望落空了。 It is not easy for him to admit his defeat. 他不輕易承認(rèn)自己的失敗。 win/beat/defeat win 指在游戲、比賽、競爭、選舉中獲勝，后面不能接人，可用于短語win a battle/victory/prize/seat。 beat 指在運(yùn)動(dòng)比賽、競賽中獲勝，打敗了其他人或其他隊(duì)，可用于短語beat sb.at/in sth. defeat 與beat意思及用法相同，但defeat較為正式。若指一個(gè)國家在戰(zhàn)爭中獲勝則只能用defeat，可用于短語defeat sb.by...points。 It was a lack of money，not efforts，that defeated their plan.導(dǎo)致他們計(jì)劃失敗的不是不努力，而是缺錢。 I could always beat my brother at chess. 每次下棋，我都能贏我兄弟。 He won the love and respect of his students. 他贏得了學(xué)生們的喜愛和尊敬。 完成句子 ③昨天游泳我贏了她。 I her at swimming yesterday. ④我贏了昨天那場比賽。 I the match yesterday. 【答案】　③beat/defeated?、躻on (3)take control of控制，取得對(duì)……的控制 You cant take control of others but you can control yourself.你無法控制他人，但你可以控制自己。 The police have taken control of the situation. 警方已經(jīng)控制住了局面。 in control of控制；掌握；管理 in/under the control of在……控制下 lose control of失去對(duì)……的控制 beyond/out of control無法控制 under control處于控制之下 Whos in control of the project? 誰是這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的負(fù)責(zé)人？ John lost control of his car. 約翰的車子失去了控制。 At first，the fire got out of control. 起初，火勢(shì)變得無法控制。 完成句子 ⑤巴拿馬控制了運(yùn)河區(qū)。 Panama the Canal Zone. ⑥他很容易失控。 He is easy to himself. ⑦副總統(tǒng)現(xiàn)在掌管一切。 The VicePresident is now . ⑧汽車失去控制而撞毀了。 The car went and crashed. ⑨這個(gè)國家現(xiàn)在在軍隊(duì)的控制之下。 The country is the military now. 【答案】　⑤took control of?、辧ose control of　⑦in control?、鄌ut of control?、醝n/under the control of 8．However，the Norman Conquest did not affect English as much as the Angles and the Saxons victory about 600 years earlier，which led to Old English replacing Celtic.(P22)然而，諾曼征服對(duì)英語的影響并不及約600年前盎格魯人和撒克遜人的勝利對(duì)英語的影響，那場勝利導(dǎo)致古英語替代了凱爾特語。 (1)lead to 導(dǎo)致；通往…… Eating too many hamburgers can lead to health problems.吃太多漢堡會(huì)引發(fā)健康問題。 All roads lead to Rome. 條條道路通羅馬。 lead sb.to do sth.導(dǎo)致某人做某事 lead sb.to＋名詞 把某人引向…… lead a．..life過著……生活 近義詞(組)有：result in；bring about；cause What led you to change your mind? 是什么使你改變了想法？ The sign is not correct.It will lead us to a wrong way. 這個(gè)路標(biāo)不對(duì)。它會(huì)把我們引到錯(cuò)路上去的。 完成句子 ①他的話使我們相信他是對(duì)的。 What he said he was right. ②走這條路你就能到鎮(zhèn)上。 The road . ③除癌癥外，吸煙還可引起其他疾病。 Besides cancer，smoking can . 【答案】　①led us to believe?、趌eads you to the town ③lead to other diseases (2)replace vt.替換，代替，取代；把……送回(原處) Have you found anyone to replace me yet? 你們找到人來代替我了嗎？ Email has largely replaced the traditional business letter.電子郵件已在很大程度上取代了傳統(tǒng)的商務(wù)書信。 She carefully replaced the china plate on the shelf. 她小心翼翼地把瓷盤放回到架子上。 replace A with B用B代替A take ones place取代某人；代替某人 take the place of sb.代替某人；取代某人 in place of sb.＝instead of sb.代替某人 Ill replace the cup I have broken with a new one. 我將用一只新杯子賠償被我打碎的那只。 No one could take her mothers place in her mind. 沒有人可以取代她母親在她心目中的地位。 Who will take the place of Mr.Smith? 誰將取代史密斯先生的位置呢？ 完成句子 ④有什么東西能代替母愛嗎？ Can anything a mothers ？ ⑤我用新窗戶來替換破了的窗戶。 I replaced the broken windows new ones. ⑥報(bào)紙閱讀后放回原處。 after reading. 【答案】?、躵eplace；love?、輜ith　⑥Replace the newspapers 9．Even though the Normans spoke French for the entire 250 years they ruled England，F(xiàn)rench did not replace English as the first language.(P23)盡管諾曼人在統(tǒng)治英格蘭的整整250年間一直都說法語，但是法語并沒有取代英語成為第一語言。 (1)even though在此引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，該從句中還包含一個(gè)定語從句，即they ruled England，修飾the entire 250 years。該定語從句的關(guān)系詞已省略。 (2)even though意為“即使，盡管”，相當(dāng)于even if，引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句的內(nèi)容既可以是事實(shí)，也可以是一種假設(shè)。 Even though you disagree with her，shes still worth listening to. 即使你不同意她的觀點(diǎn)，她的意見還是值得聽取的。 Even though he is poor，she loves him. 盡管他很窮，但她還是愛他。 【對(duì)接高考】 (xx北京高考)—Look at those clouds! —Dont worry. it rains，well still have a great time. A．Even if B．As though C．In case D．If only 【解析】　首先了解四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的漢語意思。even if“即使”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句；as though“好像”，引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句；in case“以防，萬一”，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句；if only“要是……就好了”，引導(dǎo)虛擬條件句。由題干中的關(guān)鍵信息Dont worry.和．..well still have a great time.可知此處填Even if“即使”。句意：——看那些烏云！——?jiǎng)e擔(dān)心。即使下雨，我們?nèi)匀粫?huì)玩得很開心。 【答案】　A 完成句子 ①即使明天下雨，我們也決不改變計(jì)劃。 ，we wont change our plan. ②盡管這次聚會(huì)上我誰也不認(rèn)識(shí)，我也玩得挺痛快。 at the party，I had a nice time. 【答案】　①Even if/though it rains tomorrow?、贓ven though/if I didnt know anybody 10．result in 造成；導(dǎo)致 This resulted in even more words with similar meanings，such as answer (from Old English)and reply (from Old French)．(P23)這使英語產(chǎn)生了更多意思相近的詞語，如answer(源自古英語)和reply(源自古法語)。 The accident resulted in three deaths. 這起事故造成了三人死亡。 The bone resulted in a fight among the dogs. 這根骨頭在一群狗之間引發(fā)了爭斗。 result in/result from result in 意為“結(jié)果，導(dǎo)致”。句中的主語是起因；in的賓語是結(jié)果。與cause，lead to同義。 result from 意為“由……引起，產(chǎn)生”。句中的主語是結(jié)果；from的賓語是起因。可與as a result of，because of同義。 The drivers carelessness resulted in the accident. 駕駛員的粗心導(dǎo)致了這次事故。 The accident resulted from the drivers carelessness. 這次事故起因于駕駛員的粗心。 用result的短語完成句子 ①勤奮才能成功。 Hard work will success. ②由于吃得太多，他肚子疼。 His stomachache his eating too much. ③美國的襲擊使本拉登死亡。 The Americans attack the death of Bin Laden. ④由于下雨，會(huì)議取消了。 ，the meeting has been put off. 【答案】?、賠esult in　②resulted from?、踨esulted in?、蹵s a result of the rain 11．raise vt.養(yǎng)育，培養(yǎng)；舉起；增加，提高；籌募；提及 After the Norman Conquest，many English people worked as servants who raised animals.(P23)諾曼征服之后，很多英國人淪為諾曼人的仆人，他們?yōu)橹Z曼人飼養(yǎng)牲畜。 I was raised by my aunt on a farm. 我是在農(nóng)場由姨媽撫養(yǎng)大的。 They wanted to raise money for Project Green Hope. 他們想為綠色希望工程募集資金。 The wind raised the fallen leaves from the garden. 那陣風(fēng)把庭院中的落葉刮了起來。 His long absence raised fears about his safety. 他長期不在引起了大家對(duì)他安全的擔(dān)心。 raise/rise raise 是及物動(dòng)詞，可用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)，表示“提高，舉起，撫養(yǎng)，籌募”，可指工資、數(shù)量、價(jià)格