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1、Unit 4 Earthquakes Ⅰ.閱讀理解 [2017·山西晉中摸底] For many years，machines have been doing work that people once did，including some difficult jobs.Search and rescue operations in dangerous environments are often seen as the first areas that will employ high technology robots.But there is another area where

2、they may soon take jobs traditionally held by human beings，the restaurant industry. Teams from around the world competed in early June at the DARPA Robotic Challenge Finals in California.A team from South Korea and its robot，called DRCC-Hubo，won first place in the competition.The second and third p

3、lace winners were from the United States.The robots were required to drive a vehicle，climb up steps and do mechanical work.Such activities are easy for humans to perform，but more difficult for machines.Not all of the competitors were successful.The failures showed how difficult it is to design effec

4、tive walking machines. Akihiro Suzuki works at Yaskawa Electric，a company that develops robots.He says robots cannot do everything a human can，but they are able to work without becoming tired.He says robots cannot taste food，change beating levels or seasonings to get the best flavor(風(fēng)味)．But he says

5、 if a food can be easily prepared，a robot can repeat the same movement to reproduce the same meal. One Japanese woman who saw the robots working wanted to bring them home.Masayo Mori says she would like to have a husband who could work like a robot.Suzumo Machinery showed its sushi(壽司) maker robot.

6、It performs the often difficult work of wrapping the popular Japanese food.Hiroshi Monden is an official with the company.He says people all over the world now eat sushi，but there are not enough skilled workers to prepare it.He says his machine can help anyone make sushi. 1．In Paragraph 1，the autho

7、r tells us________. A．robots just do difficult jobs B．robots are sometimes dangerous C．robots are widely used in our life D．robots are gradually replacing humans 2．Why did some teams fail at the DARPA Robotic Challenge Finals? A．Their robots cannot be applied at home. B．Preparing food is real

8、ly difficult for robots. C．Their robots can just repeat the same movement. D．They failed to design effective walking robots. 3．We can infer from the last paragraph that________. A．Japanese men are lazy B．robots are popular in Japan C．Japan has advanced high technology D．robots usually take th

9、e job of making sushi in Japan 4．In which column can we probably see the text? A．Education. B．Culture. C．Health. D．Science. 答案：[解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)] 這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了機(jī)器人的用途、機(jī)器人競(jìng)賽、制作以及機(jī)器人在生活中的使用。 1．C　解析：段落大意題。由第一段：For many years，machines have been doing work that people once did，including some difficult j

10、obs. Search and rescue operations in dangerous environments are often seen as the first areas that will employ high technology robots. But there is another area where they may soon take jobs traditionally held by human beings，the restaurant industry.可知機(jī)器人應(yīng)用在很多領(lǐng)域，包括搜救工作以及即將承擔(dān)餐館中的工作等，故此段的主要目的是告訴我們機(jī)器人在

11、日常生活中被廣泛使用。 2．D　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段尾句：The failures showed how difficult it is to design effective walking machines.可知，一些參賽團(tuán)隊(duì)失敗的原因是不能設(shè)計(jì)有效的步行機(jī)器人。 3．B　解析：推理判斷題。由最后一段第一、二、三句：One Japanese woman who saw the robots working wanted to bring them home. Masayo Mori says she would like to have a husband who could w

12、ork like a robot. Suzumo Machinery showed its sushi(壽司) maker robot.可知，一位日本婦女見到正在工作的機(jī)器人想將之帶回家去，Masayo Mori說她想要一個(gè)像機(jī)器人一樣工作的丈夫，以及后面提到的日本公司用機(jī)器人做壽司等可推斷，機(jī)器人在日本是非常受歡迎的。 4．D　解析：推理判斷題?？v覽全文可知，本文主要介紹了機(jī)器人的用途、機(jī)器人競(jìng)賽、制作，以及機(jī)器人在生活中的使用，這種主題應(yīng)該出現(xiàn)在科學(xué)專欄里。 Ⅱ.完形填空 One rainy evening I went to fill up at the gas station.A

13、 pre-teen boy approached my car with a thick hoodie(連帽衫)__1__around his face.He asked me for money to help him and his mother stay in their hotel for an additional week.He stated that if they did not__2__$25 they would be driven out that__3__evening.Having worked in social services before，and being

14、a little skeptical，I asked how come his mother hadn't sought out social services for__4__.The boy said that they needed to__5__in their hotel for one more week until his grandmother，who lived out of town，could take them in. I gave the boy what I had—$5.He thanked me and continued to__6__the parking

15、 lot asking for help.I got my gas and drove away.A(n)__7__time some weeks ago，a boy asked me for money and I told him I didn't have any__8__I did.The skeptic in me had__9__out.Yet，I thought about it，felt__10__at my skepticism and went__11__the boy to give him a dollar.But it seemed that he had disap

16、peared into thin air.“This time，”I thought，“I'll do it__12__.” I reached into my__13__and took out an additional $20；then I returned to the gas station.The boy was__14__there.I observed him__15__approaching strangers who walked past him but took no__16__of him.I pulled up beside a pump and waved__1

17、7__the boy to come over.I handed him the $20 bill. He__18__through my car window and gave me a huge hug.His hug told me all I needed to know—that finally this kid could get out of the__19__，the cold and the darkening sky and go inside where it was__20__. 1．A.hung B．pulled C．shown D．hidden 2．A.

18、come up with B．catch up with C．put up with D．feed up with 3．A.certain B．possible C．same D．exact 4．A.guidance B．reference C．a(chǎn)dvice D．a(chǎn)ssistance 5．A.remain B．survive C．keep D．continue 6．A.stretch B．clean C．wander D．search 7．A.appointed B．separate C．usual

19、D．regular 8．A.as B．unless C．because D．though 9．A.worn B．turned C．come D．won 10．A.deserved B．a(chǎn)shamed C．relaxed D．worried 11．A.looking at B．looking for C．looking on D．looking into 12．A.accidentally B．purposely C．differently D．quickly 13．A.schoolbag B．wallet

20、 C．suitcase D．car 14．A.still B．just C．yet D．even 15．A.suddenly B．bravely C．reluctantly D．constantly 16．A.account B．a(chǎn)dvantage C．control D．notice 17．A.with B．a(chǎn)t C．upon D．for 18．A.gained B．held C．gathered D．reached 19．A.rain B．garage C．hotel D．line 20

21、．A.sunny B．freezing C．warm D．quiet 答案：[解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)]本文是一篇記敘文，講述了作者在加油站幫助一個(gè)乞討孩子的故事。25美元就能墊付一晚的房費(fèi)，給一對(duì)母子一個(gè)溫暖的歇腳的地方。 1．B　解析：由最后一段中的“the cold”可知，男孩因天冷將連帽衫拉起來遮住臉，故選pulled。 2．A　解析：由空后的“driven”可知，此處指男孩和他的母親若交不上25美元的房費(fèi)就會(huì)被驅(qū)趕出去，故選come up with，表示“提供，拿出(錢款)”。 3．C　解析：由下文中的“took out an additional $20; then I re

22、turned to the gas station”可知，作者明白這25美元對(duì)男孩意義重大，否則他們當(dāng)晚就會(huì)被驅(qū)趕出去，故選same。exact意為“確切的”。 4．D　解析：由上文中的“sought out social services”可知，作者反問男孩，為何他的母親不向社會(huì)福利部門求助，故選assistance。 5．A　解析：由下文中的“for one more week”和“take them in”可知，此處指在男孩的外婆收留他們母子之前他們?nèi)孕柙谫e館多待一個(gè)星期，故選remain“停留，留下”。 6．C　解析：由上文中的“$25”和“I gave the boy what

23、 I had —$5”可知，男孩所需的房費(fèi)沒有湊夠，他繼續(xù)在停車場(chǎng)徘徊，尋求幫助，故選wander“徘徊，閑逛”。 7．B　解析：由下文中的“some weeks ago”可知，此處指作者回想起幾周前一個(gè)不同的時(shí)間里發(fā)生的事，故選separate。appointed意為“規(guī)定的”。 8．D　解析：根據(jù)下文的內(nèi)容可知，此處指一個(gè)男孩向作者要錢，盡管作者有錢，但他卻告訴男孩他沒錢。前后句之間是讓步關(guān)系，故選though“盡管”。 9．D　解析：由上文中的“I told him I didn't have any________I did”和“The skeptic in me”可知，此處指作

24、者的疑心最終勝出了，故選擇won。win out“(克服困難)獲得成功，最終勝出”。 10．B　解析：由“to give him a dollar. But it seemed...air”可知，此處指作者雖然因疑心而沒有給男孩錢，但內(nèi)心一直很慚愧，故選ashamed“慚愧的，羞愧的”。deserved意為“理所當(dāng)然的”。 11．B　解析：由下文中的“But it seemed that he had disappeared into thin air”可知，此處指作者去尋找(looking for)要錢的男孩，但他似乎已消失得無影無蹤了。 12．C　解析：由上文的內(nèi)容及“This ti

25、me”“I'll do it”可知，此處指作者這次吸取了上次的教訓(xùn)，決定改變做法，去幫助向他要錢的男孩，故選differently“不同地”。 13．B　解析：由“reached into”和“took out”可知，此處指作者把手伸進(jìn)錢包，取出了額外的20美元。 14．A　解析：由下文中的“approaching strangers who walked past him”可知，男孩仍在停車場(chǎng)，故選still“仍然”。 15．D　解析：由“approaching strangers who walked past him...handed him the $20 bill”可知，為了湊

26、夠房費(fèi)，男孩不斷地接近從他身邊經(jīng)過的陌生人，但無人理會(huì)他。constantly“不斷地”。 16．D　解析：參見上題解析。take no notice of “不理會(huì)”。 17．B　解析：由空前的“waved”和下文中的“I handed him the $20 bill”可知，此處指作者把車停在了油泵旁邊，向男孩招手讓他過來。wave at/to sb.“向某人招手”。 18．D　解析：由下文中的“through my car window and gave me a huge hug”可知，男孩把手伸進(jìn)車窗，給了作者一個(gè)大大的擁抱，故選reached。 19．A　解析：由文章開頭的

27、“One rainy evening”可知，故事發(fā)生在雨夜，而最后男孩湊夠了房費(fèi)，這意味著他可以不用待在雨中了，故選rain。 20．C　解析：由上文中的“the cold and the darkening sky”和“go inside”可知，此處指男孩可以走進(jìn)溫暖的賓館房間。同時(shí)此處也升華了文章的主題，即幫助他人，讓他人感覺到溫暖。 Ⅲ.語(yǔ)法填空 [2017·安徽合肥一檢] Sammy Armstrong was driving to his office when he 1.________(notice)a car was stuck on railroad tracks.T

28、hen he heard a train whistle.Sammy threw down his sunglasses and keys and ran toward the car.2.________elderly man，Jean Papich，eighty-four，sat in the driver's seat,3.________(turn)the key and hitting the gas.His wife，Marion，seventy-eight，was looking 4.________(nervous)at him.Then Sammy walked 5.____

29、____the car and pushed it forward，but his boots slipped on the warm asphalt (瀝青)．He could see the train approaching fast. It might be 6.________(easy)to push the car backward，Sammy thought.He ran around to the front of the vehicle and shouted at Jean 7.________(put)the car in neutral (空擋)．Sammy cou

30、ld feel the ground trembling under his feet.He put his boots against the track and pushed forcefully.Finally，the car rolled off the tracks.When Sammy looked up，the train was just a couple of 8.________(foot)away.Sammy，shocked and 9.________(speech)，went back to work as crowd gathered at the scene.

31、Weeks later，Marion called to thank Sammy.He responded，“I just did 10.________I had to do.” 答案：[解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)]本文為記敘文。Sammy Armstrong在開車上班的路上解救了一輛卡在鐵軌上的汽車。 1．noticed　解析：考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。文章的整體時(shí)態(tài)為過去時(shí)，且主句中用的是過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，故填noticed。 2．An　解析：考查冠詞。man在文中第一次提到，應(yīng)用不定冠詞，且elderly的讀音以元音音素開頭，故填A(yù)n，注意首字母大寫。 3．turning　解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞?？仗幣c句子主語(yǔ)是主

32、謂關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語(yǔ)，并與hitting 并列，故填turning。 4．nervously　解析：考查副詞。副詞作狀語(yǔ)修飾動(dòng)詞，故填nervously。 5．behind　解析：考查介詞。根據(jù)下文的“pushed it forward”可知，此處表示走到車的后面推車，故填behind。 6．easier　解析：考查形容詞的比較級(jí)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，向前推車不好推，所以他想向后面推可能更容易，故填easier。 7．to put　解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處為不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，他向老人喊讓老人掛空擋，故填 to put。 8．feet　解析：考查名詞的數(shù)。a couple of

33、后跟可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填foot的復(fù)數(shù)形式feet。 9．speechless　解析：考查形容詞。與shocked 并列，根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，應(yīng)填speechless。 10．what　解析：考查賓語(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)的從句作did的賓語(yǔ)，且空處在從句中充當(dāng) do的賓語(yǔ)，故填what。 Ⅳ.短文改錯(cuò) [2017·河北百校聯(lián)盟聯(lián)考] I am an only child in my family.While eating，my parents always leave myself the best dish.But I don't eat out much because

34、 I don't have some appetite all the time.One day，my friend Alice asked me come to her home for dinner.In her family，a feeling was so pleasant because there had two kids in the family.When they were eating，my friend and her sister fight for the food.They ate a lot and laughed happy.I joined them in fighting for the food.I felt so happy but ate a lot.I got to know that the eating atmospheres could be very important.