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1、十年（2010~2020）高考英語真題分項詳解26 完形填空·夾敘夾議類 1.(2020年，江蘇卷） Being good at something and having a passion for it are not enough. Success 1 fundamentally on our view of ourselves and of the 2 in our lives. When twelve-year-old John Wilson walked into his chemistry class on a rainy day in 1931,

2、he had no 3 of knowing that his life was to change 4 . The class experiment that day was to 5 how heating a container of water would bring air bubbling (冒泡) to the surface. 6 , the container the teacher gave Wilson to heat 7 held something more volatile (易揮發(fā)的) than water.

3、 When Wilson heated it, the container 8 , leaving Wilson blinded in both eyes. When Wilson returned home from hospital two months later, his parents 9 to find a way to deal with the catastrophe that had 10 their lives. But Wilson did not regard the accident as 11 . He learned

4、braille (盲文) quickly and continued his education at Worcester College for the Blind. There, he not only did well as a student but also became a(n) 12 public speaker. Later, he worked in Africa, where many people suffered from 13 for lack of proper treatment. For him, it was one thing to

5、 14 his own fate of being blind and quite another to allow something to continue 15 it could be fixed so easily. This moved him to action. And tens of millions in Africa and Asia can see because of the 16 Wilson made to preventing the 17 . Wilson received several international

6、 18 for his great contributions. He lost his sight but found a 19 . He proved that it’s not what happens to us that 20 our lives-it’s what we make of what happens. 1.A.depends B.holds C.keeps D.reflects 2.A.dilemmas B.accidents C.events D.steps 3.A.way B.hope C.plan D.measure 4.

7、A.continually B.gradually C.gracefully D.completely 5.A.direct B.show C.advocate D.declare 6.A.Anyway B.Moreover C.Somehow D.Thus 7.A.mistakenly B.casually C.amazingly D.clumsily 8.A.erupted B.exploded C.emptied D.exposed 9.A.deserved B.attempted C.cared D.agreed 10.A.submitted to B.catered fo

8、r C.impressed on D.happened to 11.A.fantastic B.extraordinary C.impressive D.catastrophic 12.A.accomplished B.crucial C.specific D.innocent 13.A.deafness B.depression C.blindness D.speechlessness 14.A.decide B.abandon C.control D.accept 15.A.until B.when C.unless D.before 16.A.opposition B.adj

9、ustments C.commitment D.limitations 17.A.preventable B.potential C.spreadable D.influential 18.A.scholarships B.rewards C.awards D.bonuses 19.A.fortune B.recipe C.dream D.vision 20.A.distinguishes B.determines C.claims D.limits 【答案】ACADB CABBD DACDB CACDB 【解析】這是一篇夾敘夾議類的文章。因為一次意外，威爾遜失明了。但是，他

10、并沒有抱怨命運的不公，而是努力地學(xué)習(xí)，接受教育。他通過自己的努力幫助很多人恢復(fù)了視力，獲得了很多國際大獎。他的例子告訴我們：成功從根本上取決于我們對自己和對生活中發(fā)生的事情的看法。 1.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：成功從根本上取決于我們對自己和對生活中所發(fā)生事情的看法。A. depends依靠；B. holds握，持有；C. keeps保持；D. reflects反映。結(jié)合空后的介詞on可知，僅僅擅長某件事并有激情是不夠的。成功從根本上“取決于”我們對自己和對生活中所發(fā)生事情的看法。depend on：取決于。故選A。 2.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：成功從根本上取決于我們對自己和對生活中所發(fā)生事

11、情的看法。A. dilemmas進退兩難的處境；B. accidents意外事故；C. events事，事件；D. steps腳步，步驟。結(jié)合文章最后一句“He proved that it’s not what happens to us that...our lives-it’s what we make of what happens”可知，我們對所發(fā)生的事情的看法決定了我們的生活。空處對應(yīng)what happens(發(fā)生的事)。故選C。 3.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：1931年的一個雨天，當(dāng)12歲的約翰·威爾遜走進他的化學(xué)教室時，他根本不知道自己的生活將徹底改變。A. way方法，方式；

12、B. hope希望；C. plan計劃；D. measure措施。John Wilson“無法”預(yù)知將會發(fā)生的事情。故選A。 4.考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：1931年的一個雨天，當(dāng)12歲的約翰·威爾遜走進他的化學(xué)教室時，他根本不知道自己的生活將徹底改變。A. continually不斷地；B. gradually逐漸地；C. gracefully優(yōu)雅地；D. completely完全地。結(jié)合下文可知，一場意外導(dǎo)致他失明，這“完全”改變了他的生活。故選D。 5.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：那天的課堂實驗是為了展示加熱一個盛水的容器會如何使空氣冒泡到表面。A. direct指導(dǎo)，引導(dǎo)；B. show

13、展示；C. advocate提倡，倡導(dǎo)；D. declare宣布。那天的課堂實驗的目的是“展示”加熱一個盛水的容器會如何使空氣冒泡到表面。故選B。 6.考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：不知怎么的，老師給威爾遜加熱的容器誤裝了比水更容易揮發(fā)的東西。A. Anyway無論如何，不管怎樣；B. Moreover而且；C. Somehow不知怎么地；D. Thus因此。不知怎么的，老師給威爾遜加熱的容器誤裝了比水更容易揮發(fā)的東西。故選C。 7.考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：不知怎么的，老師給威爾遜加熱的容器誤裝了比水更容易揮發(fā)的東西。A. mistakenly錯誤地；B. casually隨意地；C. amaz

14、ingly令人驚奇地；D. clumsily笨拙地。老師“誤”在容器里裝了更容易揮發(fā)的東西而沒有裝水，結(jié)果導(dǎo)致了爆炸的發(fā)生。故選A。 8.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)威爾遜把它加熱時，容器爆炸了，導(dǎo)致威爾遜失明。A. erupted爆發(fā)，噴出；B. exploded爆炸；C. emptied騰空，掏空；D. exposed揭露，使暴露。因為容器內(nèi)裝的不是水，而是更容易揮發(fā)的物質(zhì)，所以，當(dāng)威爾遜把它加熱時，容器“爆炸”了，導(dǎo)致Wilson失明。故選B。 9.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：兩個月后，當(dāng)威爾遜出院回家時，他的父母試圖找到一種方法來應(yīng)對發(fā)生在他們生活中的災(zāi)難。A. deserved值得，應(yīng)

15、得，應(yīng)受；B. attempted試圖，嘗試；C. cared關(guān)心，在乎； D. agreed同意。孩子失明了，身為父母，他們當(dāng)然要“試圖”找到一種方法來應(yīng)對發(fā)生在他們生活中的災(zāi)難。故選B。 10.考查動詞短語辨析。句意：兩個月后，當(dāng)威爾遜出院回家時，他的父母試圖找到一種方法來應(yīng)對發(fā)生在他們生活中的災(zāi)難。A. submitted to提交，服從……；B. catered for迎合；C. impressed on給……留下印象；D. happened to發(fā)生。這場事故“發(fā)生”在了威爾遜一家人的生活中。故選D。 11.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但威爾遜并不認(rèn)為這次事故是災(zāi)難性的。A. fa

16、ntastic極好的；B. extraordinary不同尋常的；C. impressive給人深刻印象的；D. catastrophic災(zāi)難性的，毀滅性的。根據(jù)上文his parents...to find a way to deal with the catastrophe that had...their lives.以及結(jié)合生活常識，失明對于任何一個人來說都是一場災(zāi)難。根據(jù)but轉(zhuǎn)折可知，威爾遜并沒有將這場事故看作是“災(zāi)難性的”。故選D。 12.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在那里，他不僅是一名出色的學(xué)生，而且成為了一名出色的演說家。A. accomplished才華高的，有成就的；B.

17、 crucial至關(guān)重要的，關(guān)鍵性的；C. specific特定的，具體的；D. innocent無辜的，天真的。前一句提到威爾遜很快學(xué)會了盲文，并在伍斯特盲人學(xué)院繼續(xù)接受教育。結(jié)合該句中的not only…but also…可以推知，他不僅是個好學(xué)生，而且是個非常好的公共演說家。選項中只有A選項表達此意。故選A。 13.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：后來，他在非洲工作，那里的許多人因為缺乏適當(dāng)?shù)闹委煻鳌. deafness聾，聽力不佳；B. depression沮喪；C. blindness瞎；D. speechlessness啞口無言。結(jié)合后文中的“And tens of million

18、s in Africa and Asia can see because of the ...Wilson made to preventing the...”可知，很多人因為威爾遜的努力而復(fù)明。由此推知，在非洲，有很多人因為缺乏適當(dāng)?shù)闹委煻笆鳌?。故選C。 14.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：對他來說，接受自己失明的命運是一回事，而在事情可以如此容易地解決的情況下，讓事情繼續(xù)下去則完全是另一回事。A. decide決定；B. abandon拋棄；C. control控制；D. accept接受。根據(jù)上文中的“But Wilson did not regard the accident as .

19、.... He learned braille(盲文)quickly and continued his education at Worcester College for the Blind. There, he not only did well as a student but also became a(n)... public speaker”可知，威爾遜失明之后，他沒有抱怨命運的不公，反而努力進取，由此推知，他“接受”了自己失明的事實。故選D。 15.考查連接詞詞義辨析。句意：對他來說，接受自己失明的命運是一回事，而在事情可以如此容易地解決的情況下，讓事情繼續(xù)下去則完全是另一回

20、事。A. until直到；B. when在……情況下，當(dāng)……時候；C. unless如果不；D. before在……之前。在很容易解決那么多人失明的情況下，讓他們繼續(xù)失明下去完全是另一回事。when表示“在……情況下”。故選B。 16.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：因為威爾遜努力地去預(yù)防可預(yù)防的情況，在非洲和亞洲，數(shù)千萬人都可以恢復(fù)視力了。A. opposition反對；B. adjustments調(diào)整，調(diào)節(jié)；C. commitment奉獻，投入；D. limitations限制。根據(jù)前文中的“This moved him to action”可知，威爾遜行動起來，努力地去預(yù)防那些可以預(yù)防的情況。

21、因為他的“奉獻”，很多人恢復(fù)了視力。該空和53空后的great contributions呼應(yīng)。故選C。 17.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：因為威爾遜努力地去預(yù)防可預(yù)防的情況，在非洲和亞洲，數(shù)千萬人都能夠恢復(fù)視力了。A. preventable可預(yù)防的，可阻止的；B. potential潛在的，有潛力的；C. spreadable(黃油等)容易被涂開的；D. influential有影響力的。結(jié)合空前的prevent可知，威爾遜努力地去預(yù)防“可以預(yù)防的”情況。故選A。 18.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：威爾遜因其巨大的貢獻獲得了幾個國際獎項。A. scholarships獎學(xué)金；B. rewar

22、ds獎勵，回報；C. awards獎，獎品；D. bonuses紅利，津貼。因為他的巨大貢獻，威爾遜獲得了幾個國際“大獎”。故選C。 19.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他失明了，但找到了"眼力“”。A. fortune運氣，財富；B. recipe食譜，秘訣；C. dream夢，夢想；D. vision視野。根據(jù)前文敘述可知，雖然威爾遜失明了，但是他卻通過努力，幫助了很多人，為世界做出了巨大貢獻。由此推知，他雖然看不見，但是他的“眼界”開闊，做到了很多人都做不到的事情。故選D。 20.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他證明了并不是發(fā)生在我們身上的事情決定了我們的生活，而是我們?nèi)绾慰创l(fā)生的事情。A.

23、distinguishes區(qū)分，辨別；B. determines決定；C. claims宣稱；D. limits限制。結(jié)合第一段中的“Success...fundamentally on our view of ourselves and of the...in our lives”可知，成功從根本上取決于我們對自己和對生活中發(fā)生的事情的看法。即：并不是發(fā)生的事情“決定”我們的生活，而是我們對發(fā)生的事情的看法“決定”了我們的生活。故選B。 2.(2020年，天津卷，第一次） For the past ten years, my dad and I have attended the sam

24、e school--- he as an administrator and I as a student. Our relationship, in and out of school, has been totally unpredictable. When I was younger, all that my dad said was doctrine （信條）and anything did I, 21 , copied. We played games together, and stayed up late reading bedtime stories. I coul

25、d 22 my dad taking me to school, running into him 23 during the day and riding home with him every afternoon. As I grew older, we were not as 24 as we used to be. He wasn't cool any more .He wore his socks too high, listened to 25 country music and laughed too loudly in front

26、of my friends. He became a total embarrassment. However, the 26 that occurred in school were even worse. The worst one happened in seventh grade. My dad came to our New Year party, 27 as Donald Duck, guitar in hand, singing silly songs. Just kill me！ I wanted to run away. This 28

27、 continued into high school, but we somehow began to find a balance .Things started to 29 around the time of my 10th-grade physics project. The 30 was to build a wood bridge with the best strength-to-weight ratio（比率）. All the students and physics teachers 31 . So did my dad, the only

28、 administrator！ Embarrassed, as usual, I 32 the scene. 33 , later when I learned from my friends that my dad 34 all competitors and won everyone's admiration, I found that mixed in with my 35 was a touch of pride. I had needed someone else to show me what I 36 in my da

29、d. It wasn't the fact that he'd won； it was more than that. I began to 37 that we have many of the same values and sometimes the same opinions. No matter how much I had tried to 38 him, he still influenced me. I feel 39 to have such an unusual father. The 40 I have developed wi

30、th my dad over the years has enabled me to look back and see how I’ve grown. 21.A.temporarily B.naturally C.originally D.passively 22.A.apply to B.count on C.see off D.pick out 23.A.gradually B.previously C.regularly D.eventually 24.A.close B.reliable C.generous D.confident 25.A.creative B.fami

31、liar C.horrible D.live 26.A.failures B.coincidences C.competitions D.disasters 27.A.dressed up B.broken down C.settled down D.signed up 28.A.debate B.party C.progress D.struggle 29.A.happen B.change C.grow D.disappear 30.A.issue B.task C.lesson D.procedure 31.A.participated B.protested C.hesit

32、ated D.explored 32.A.fled B.investigated C.pictured D.made 33.A.Instead B.Otherwise C.Therefore D.However 34.A.convinced B.defeated C.ignore D.evaluated 35.A.confusion B.encouragement C.embarrassment D.fascination 36.A.recommended B.tolerated C.doubted D.appreciated 37.A.recognize B.demand C.a

33、rgue D.estimate 38.A.approach B.limit C.resist D.believe 39.A.puzzled B.fortunate C.concerned D.awkward 40.A.strategy B.habit C.relationship D.potential 【答案】BBCAC DADBB AADBC DACBC 【解析】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。通過記敘作者的成長經(jīng)歷發(fā)表對父親的一些看法和對父親態(tài)度的轉(zhuǎn)變的一些觀點，那就是父子關(guān)系與成長的關(guān)系至關(guān)重要。這么多年作者和作者父親的關(guān)系使得作者能回首看自己的成長經(jīng)歷。 21.考查副詞辨析。句

34、意：當(dāng)我小弟時候，我父親所說的一切都是信條，而我很自然的照搬。A. temporarily暫時地；B. naturally自然地；C. originally原始地；D. passively被動地。既然父親說的都是信條，那作者自然地只有照做的份。故選B。 22.考查動詞詞組辨析。句意：我可以依靠他帶我去上學(xué)。A. apply to申請；B. count on依靠；C. see off送行；D. pick out挑出。根據(jù)上文my dad and I have attended the same school可知，作者可以依靠父親帶作者去上學(xué)。故選B。 23.考查副詞辨析。句意：在白天的時候有

35、規(guī)律地遇見他，然后每天下午和他一起騎車回家。A. gradually漸漸地；B. previously之前；C. regularly有規(guī)律地；D. eventually最終地。因為其父親是學(xué)校行政管理人員，故其行蹤是固定的，其行動是有規(guī)律的。故選C。 24.考查形容詞辨析。句意：隨著我長大，我們不再那么親密無間。A. close接近；B. reliable可靠的，值得信賴的；C. generous大方的；D. confident自信的。下一句He wasn't cool any more他不再那么酷。表明作者不再認(rèn)為父親是心目中的樣子，自然也就起隔閡了，沒有那么親密無間的了。故選A。 25

36、.考查形容詞辨析。句意：他穿高筒襪子，聽令人生厭的鄉(xiāng)村音樂，大聲地在我朋友面前笑，他完全變得讓我難堪起來。A. creative創(chuàng)新的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. horrible極討厭的；D. live鮮活的。根據(jù)He became a total embarrassment.父親聽聽令人生厭的鄉(xiāng)村音樂。故選C。 26.考查名詞辨析。句意：然而，學(xué)校里發(fā)生的一切災(zāi)難甚至更糟糕。A. failures失??；B. coincidences巧合；C. competitions競爭；D. disasters災(zāi)難。根據(jù)the worst one happened in seventh gra

37、de.可知，學(xué)校里發(fā)生的一切災(zāi)難甚至更糟糕。故選D。 27.考查動詞詞組辨析。句意：我父親來參加我們的新年晚會，化裝成唐老鴨，手里拿著吉他唱著愚蠢的歌曲。這比殺我還難受。A. dressed up化妝；B. broken down破產(chǎn)；C. settled down定居，安頓下來；D. signed up報名，簽名。根據(jù)Donald Duck可知，參加聚會，且裝扮成唐老鴨自然要化妝。故選A。 28.考查名詞辨析。句意：這種掙扎的心理直到高中，但我不管怎么說開始尋求一種平衡。A. debate爭論；B. party黨派；C. progress進步；D. struggle斗爭，掙扎。這么多年的

38、經(jīng)歷告訴我們作者內(nèi)心是糾結(jié)的，掙扎于與父親的關(guān)系上面。故選D。 29.考查動詞辨析。句意：事情的改變史與我十年級的一次物理課項目。A. happen發(fā)生；B. change改變；C. grow生長；D. disappear消失。根據(jù)I found that mixed in with my...was a touch of pride.可知，事情開始在作者十年級物理課項上發(fā)生了變化。故選B。 30.考查名詞辨析。句意：這項任務(wù)是用最好的強度比率建造一座木橋。A. issue話題；B. task任務(wù)；C. lesson教訓(xùn)；D. procedure程序，步驟。既然是建造木橋，那么就是此次項目

39、的任務(wù)。故選B。 31.考查動詞辨析。句意：所有的同學(xué)和物理老師都參與進來了。A. participated參加；B. protested辯護，抗?fàn)?；C. hesitated猶豫不決；D. explored探索。根據(jù) So did my dad, the only administrator！可知，我父親也參與了，他是參加的唯一的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。所以所有的同學(xué)和物理老師都參與進來了。故選A。 32.考查動詞辨析。句意：像往常一樣我逃離了現(xiàn)場。A. fled逃跑；B. investigated調(diào)查；C. pictured畫畫；D. made制造。根據(jù)上文I wanted to run away.可知，

40、像往常一樣告訴我們作者感到尷尬，做出逃跑這樣的動作也屬正常。故選A。 33.考查連接副詞辨析。句意：然而，后來當(dāng)我從朋友那里了解到我父親擊敗所有的參賽者，贏得了每個人的贊嘆。A. Instead相反；取而代之；B. Otherwise要不然的話；C. Therefore因此；D. However然而。接著下一句的內(nèi)容：擊敗所有的參賽者，贏得了每個人的贊嘆時，作者的態(tài)度是發(fā)生了轉(zhuǎn)變的。變成帶有一絲自豪：a touch of pride.這與之前認(rèn)為他父親的行為讓他尷尬的態(tài)度形成一個意義上的轉(zhuǎn)折。故選D。 34.考查動詞辨析。句意：然而，后來當(dāng)我從朋友那里了解到我父親擊敗所有的參賽者，贏得了每

41、個人的贊嘆。A. convinced令人信服；B. defeated擊敗；C. ignore忽略，忽視；D. evaluated評估，估計。從贏得了贊嘆可以推出答案為擊敗對手。故選B。 35.考查名詞辨析。句意：我發(fā)現(xiàn)我的尷尬中混合了一絲自豪。A. confusion混亂；B. encouragement鼓勵；C. embarrassment尷尬；D. fascination迷人，吸引人。根據(jù)上文之 He became a total embarrassment.可知，作者發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的尷尬中混合了一絲自豪。故選C。 36.考查動詞辨析。句意：我需要別人讓我了解自己對父親的欣賞之情。。A. r

42、ecommended推薦；B. tolerated忍受，忍耐；C. doubted懷疑；D. appreciated欣賞，感激。上句說有一絲的自豪感，自然對父親有一絲欣賞的感覺。故選D。 37.考查動詞辨析。句意：我開始意識到我們有很多相同的價值觀，而且有時候有很多相同的觀點。A. recognize識別；B. demand需求；C. argue爭論；D. estimate估計。根據(jù)we have many of the same values and sometimes the same opinions.可知，作者開始意識到我們有很多相同的價值觀，而且有時候有很多相同的觀點。故選A。

43、38.考查動詞辨析。句意：無論我怎么抵制他，他仍然在影響著我。A. approach接近；B. limit限制；C. resist抵抗，拒絕；D. believe相信。根據(jù)前面的描述作者一直是嫌棄他父親的行為的，所以在心理上是抵制他的。故選C。 39.考查形容詞辨析。句意：我很幸運我有這樣不同尋常的父親。A. puzzled覺得困惑的；B. fortunate幸運的；C. concerned關(guān)心的，擔(dān)憂的；D. awkward尷尬的，令人難堪的。根據(jù)such an unusual father. 可知，有這樣不同尋常的父親當(dāng)然是幸運的一件事情。故選B。 40.考查名詞辨析。句意：這么多年我

44、和我父親的關(guān)系使得我能回首看自己的成長經(jīng)歷。A. strategy方法，策略；B. habit習(xí)慣；C. relationship關(guān)系；D. potential潛力。根據(jù)has enabled me to look back and see how I’ve grown.可知，全文所講的父子關(guān)系，無論是嫌棄也好，還是感覺自豪也罷。這么多年作者和作者父親的關(guān)系使得作者能回首看自己的成長經(jīng)歷。故選C。 3.(2020年，天津卷，第二次） Detective Ashley Jones works at a police department in England. He has recently

45、 made a significant 41 - -loneliness is a serious social problem that can contribute to depression and even crimes, but it can be 42 in a clever way. The 43 ? Chat benches. Jones got the idea after he had talked with an elderly lady who had been cheated of her 44 . The lady would ge

46、t a call from a stranger every morning who 45 made her believe that he was her friend, and then she lent him about “f 31,000 . Jones was 46 when she said that she didn’t actually 47 being cheated. “Otherwise, 1would never speak to another person for weeks on end,” she said. This led

47、Jones to the conclusion that there are too many extremely 48 people in his community, who are easy targets of cheating. So he 49 to do something about it. He 50 the police department to allow him to 51 a couple of “chat benches” in two of their local parks. Then he hung a colo

48、rful sign on each of the benches that 52 :”HAPPY TO CHAT. “Just a few days after the signs went up, he found people sitting there and engaging in active and 53 conversations. The idea is catching on 54 There are now over 40 chat benches throughout England. More new chat benches have sp

49、rung up across the UK and beyond. All who participated have gained a(n) 55 outcome from getting involved. Jones’ idea has been fully 56 -the “HAPPY TO CHAT” benches help 57 the invisible social barrier that keeps people from saying hello. This effort is not just a(n) 58 at bein

50、g community minded- -it’s also a 59 measure. It prevents people who are cut off from society falling victim to cheaters. The Chat Bench is a fantastic new project that 60 those of all ages to interact and get to know each other in the future. 41.A.choice B.discovery C.visit D.promise 4

51、2.A.experienced B.suffered C.prevented D.felt 43.A.solution B.puzzle C.excuse D.intention 44.A.pleasure B.prize C.credit D.money 45.A.eventually B.frequently C.previously D.occasionally 46.A.ashamed B.shocked C.excited D.amused 47.A.mind B.forgive C.risk D.enjoy 48.A.active B.lonely C.cautious

52、 D.stubborn 49.A.learned B.refused C.pretended D.decided 50.A.forced B.ordered C.convinced D.taught 51.A.put away B.make out C.tear apart D.set up 52.A.read B.claimed C.meant D.implied 53.A.formal B.joyful C.awkward D.crazy 54.A.randomly B.slowly C.quickly D.purposefully 55.A.positive B.disap

53、pointing C.correct D.embarrassing 56.A.realized B.examined C.discussed D.formed 57.A.break down B.put up C.keep off D.take out 58.A.glance B.attempt C.knock D.attack 59.A.heart-breaking B.risk-taking C.face-saving D.crime-cutting 60.A.forbids B.appoints C.encourages D.troubles 【答案】BCADA BABDC

54、 DABCA AABDC 【解析】這是一篇夾敘夾議的文章。文章主要講了艾什莉·瓊斯警探在英國的一個警察局工作。他最近有了一項重大發(fā)現(xiàn)--孤獨是一個嚴(yán)重的社會問題，它會導(dǎo)致抑郁甚至犯罪，但它可以用一種聰明的方法加以阻止。瓊斯警探通過設(shè)置”聊天長椅”，幫助打破了人們打招呼的無形的社會障礙?！绷奶扉L椅”是一個很棒的新項目，它不僅僅是一種社區(qū)意識的嘗試，也是一種減少犯罪的措施。 41.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:他最近有了一項重大發(fā)現(xiàn)--孤獨是一個嚴(yán)重的社會問題，它會導(dǎo)致抑郁甚至犯罪，但它可以用一種聰明的方法加以阻止。A. choice選擇；B. discovery發(fā)現(xiàn)；C. visit參觀；D.

55、 promise許諾。下文loneliness is a serious social problem that can contribute to depression and even crimes說孤獨是一個嚴(yán)重的社會問題，它會導(dǎo)致抑郁甚至犯罪，但它可以用一種聰明的方法加以阻止。這是一項重大的發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選B。 42.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:他最近有了一項重大發(fā)現(xiàn)--孤獨是一個嚴(yán)重的社會問題，它會導(dǎo)致抑郁甚至犯罪，但它可以用一種聰明的方法加以阻止。A. experienced經(jīng)歷；B. suffered遭受；C. prevented阻止；D. felt 感覺。根據(jù)下文Chat benche

56、s.可知對于這一社會問題，有阻止的方法。故選C。 43.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:解決方案？長椅上聊天。A. solution解決方案；B. puzzle謎；C. excuse借口；D. intention目的。根據(jù)下文的回答Chat benches可知這里是詢問”解決方案是什么”。故選A。 44.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:瓊斯是在與一位被騙了錢的老婦人交談后產(chǎn)生這個想法的。A. pleasure快樂；B. prize獎品；C. credit信用； D. money錢。根據(jù)下文and then she lent him about ￡31,000可知這位老婦人被騙了錢。故選D。 45.考查副

57、詞詞義辨析。句意:這位女士每天早上都會接到一個陌生人的電話，他最終讓她相信他是她的朋友，然后她就借給了他大約31萬英鎊。A. eventually 最后；B. frequently頻繁地；C. previously先前；D. occasionally偶爾。下文說這位老婦人借給了這個陌生人大約31萬英鎊，由此可知，他最終讓她相信他是她的朋友。故選A。 46.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:當(dāng)這位老婦人說她實際上并不介意被騙時，瓊斯很震驚。A. ashamed羞愧的；B. shocked震驚的；C. excited興奮的；D. amused愉悅的。按照正常的邏輯，一個人被騙了很多錢，她一定會很生氣。然

58、而，這位老婦人卻說她不介意。所以瓊斯很震驚。故選B。 47.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:當(dāng)這位老婦人說她實際上并不介意被騙時，瓊斯很震驚。A. mind介意；B. forgive原諒；C. risk冒險；D. enjoy享受。根據(jù)下文老婦人說的話 “Otherwise, 1would never speak to another person for weeks on end,” she said.可知她并不介意被騙。故選A。 48.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:這使瓊斯得出結(jié)論，在他的社區(qū)中有太多極度孤獨的人，他們很容易成為欺騙的目標(biāo)。A. active積極的；B. lonely孤獨的；C. c

59、autious小心的； D. stubborn頑固的。上文老婦人說:“否則，我?guī)讉€星期都不會跟別人說話”，結(jié)合下文，瓊斯創(chuàng)建了“聊天長椅”可知在他的社區(qū)中，有太多極度孤獨的人。故選B。 49.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:所以他決定做點什么。A. learned學(xué)習(xí)；B. refused拒絕；C. pretended假裝；D. decided決定。下文He…the police department to allow him to…a couple of “chat benches” in two of their local parks.描述了瓊斯采取的實際行動，由此可知，瓊斯決定做點什么。故選

60、D。 50.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:他說服了警察局允許他在當(dāng)?shù)氐膬蓚€公園里設(shè)立幾個”聊天長椅”。A. forced強迫；B. ordered命令；C. convinced說服；D. taught教。下文說他在當(dāng)?shù)氐膬蓚€公園里設(shè)立了幾個“聊天長椅”，由此可知，他是說服了警察局。故選C。 51.考查動詞短語辨析。句意:他說服了警察局允許他在當(dāng)?shù)氐膬蓚€公園里設(shè)立了幾個“聊天長椅”。A. put away放好；B. make out辨認(rèn)出；C. tear apart把……弄亂；D. set up設(shè)立。根據(jù)a couple of “chat benches” in two of their loca

61、l parks.可知是在當(dāng)?shù)氐膬蓚€公園里設(shè)立幾個“聊天長椅”。故選D。 52.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:然后，他在每張長椅上掛了一塊彩色的牌子，上面寫著:“聊天愉快?！?A. read寫著；B. claimed宣稱；C. meant意味；D. implied暗示。根據(jù)”HAPPY TO CHAT. “可知這是牌子上寫的內(nèi)容。表示”牌子上寫著……”應(yīng)用動詞read，故選A。 53.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:就在張貼告示幾天后，他發(fā)現(xiàn)人們坐在那里，進行著積極愉快的交談。A. formal正式的；B. joyful愉快的； C. awkward尷尬的；D. crazy瘋狂的。下文說瓊斯的想法已經(jīng)完

62、全實現(xiàn)了，結(jié)合瓊斯創(chuàng)建“聊天長椅”的初衷以及牌子上所寫的內(nèi)容“快樂聊天”，可知人們坐在那里，進行著積極愉快的交談。故選B。 54.考查副詞詞義辨析。句意:這個想法很快就流行起來了。A. randomly隨便地；B. slowly緩慢地；C. quickly很快地；D. purposefully有目的地。根據(jù)There are now over 40 chat benches throughout England.可知這個想法很快就流行起來了。故選C。 55.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:所有參與的人都從參與中獲得了積極的結(jié)果。A. positive積極的；B. disappointing令人失

63、望的；C. correct正確的；D. embarrassing使人尷尬的。根據(jù)Jones' idea has been fully…-the “HAPPY TO CHAT” benches help…the invisible social barrier that keeps people from saying hello.可知瓊斯的想法已經(jīng)完全實現(xiàn)了，”聊天愉快”長椅幫助打破了人們打招呼的無形的社會障礙。因此，推斷出所有參與的人都從參與中獲得了積極的結(jié)果。故選A。 56.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:瓊斯的想法已經(jīng)完全實現(xiàn)了。A. realized實現(xiàn)；B. examined檢查；C. d

64、iscussed討論；D. formed形成。下文說”聊天愉快”長椅幫助打破了人們打招呼的無形的社會障礙。由此可知，瓊斯的想法已經(jīng)完全實現(xiàn)了。故選A。 57.考查動詞短語辨析。句意:“聊天愉快”長椅幫助打破了人們打招呼的無形的社會障礙。A. break down打破； B. put up提供；C. keep off不接近；D. take out取出。上文說所有參與的人都從參與中獲得了積極的結(jié)果。由此可知，“聊天愉快”長椅幫助打破了人們打招呼的無形的社會障礙。故選A。 58.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:這不僅僅是一種社區(qū)意識的嘗試，也是一種減少犯罪的措施。A. glance一瞥； B. atte

65、mpt嘗試；C. knock敲打；D. attack攻擊。瓊斯設(shè)置的“聊天長椅”是一個新穎且有趣的嘗試。故選B。 59.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:這不僅僅是一種社區(qū)意識的嘗試，也是一種減少犯罪的措施。A. heart-breaking令人心碎的；B. risk-taking冒險的；C face-saving顧全面子的；D. crime-cutting減少犯罪的。根據(jù)上文loneliness is a serious social problem that can contribute to depression and even crimes以及那位被騙了錢的老婦人的悲慘經(jīng)歷，可知這不僅僅是

66、一種社區(qū)意識的嘗試，也是一種減少犯罪的措施。故選D。 60.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:“聊天長椅”是一個很棒的新項目，鼓勵所有年齡段的人在未來相互交流和了解。A. forbids禁止；B. appoints任命；C. encourages鼓勵；D. troubles麻煩。根據(jù)The Chat Bench is a fantastic new project 以及上文“聊天長椅”所產(chǎn)生的積極效果，可知“聊天長椅”，鼓勵所有年齡段的人在未來相互交流和了解。故選C。 4.(2020年，全國卷I） Since our twins began learning to walk, my wife and I have kept telling them that our sliding glass door is just a window. The 61 is obvious. If we 62 it is a door, they’ll want to go outside 63 . It will drive us crazy. The kids app