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2019-2020年高三英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars練習(xí) 新人教版必修3 Ⅰ.語法單句填空 1．________ that we have got everything ready, lets begin the debate. 答案：Now　考查連詞。句意：既然我們一切準(zhǔn)備就緒了，那么辯論開始吧。now that既然。 2．—Im thinking of the test tomorrow. Im afraid I cant pass this time. —Cheer ________！ Im sure youll make it. 答案：up　由答語“相信你能通過考試?！笨芍?，填cheer up，意為“加油”，表示鼓勵(lì)。 3．The players from Guangzhou Evergrande Football Club have been doing very well recently, so they ________ win the final match. 答案：should　考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)The players from Guangzhou Evergrande Football Club have been doing very well recently，可知他們應(yīng)該贏得最終的比賽。 4．—Is there any hope of saving his life? —His injuries are extremely serious, but hes expected to pull ________. 答案：through　句意：——有希望救他的命嗎？——他的傷太重了，但是他還有希望康復(fù)。pull through康復(fù)，符合句意。 5．When the fire broke ________， many people were shopping in the supermarket. 答案：out　句意：當(dāng)火災(zāi)發(fā)生時(shí)，很多人正在超市里購物。break out(戰(zhàn)爭、火災(zāi)、疾病等)突然發(fā)生。 6．With the weather being hotter and hotter, we need curtains to block ________ the sunshine. 答案：out　句意：隨著天氣變得越來越熱，我們需要窗簾來擋住陽光。block out擋住(光線)。 7．________ is well known to everyone，I should say，is that a man bees learned by asking questions. 答案：What　考查名詞性從句。句意：我應(yīng)該說，眾所周知要長學(xué)問，就得多問。句中的I should say是插入語，因此空處應(yīng)填引導(dǎo)主語從句的連詞What。 8．The worker earned little money a month，so he had to exist ________ only fast noodles. 答案：on　句意：這個(gè)工人一個(gè)月掙的錢很少，因此不得不靠方便面度日。exist on靠……生存。 9．We usually take turns ________(do) cleaning, and today it is my turn ________(do) it. 答案：to do；to do　考查搭配take turns to do sth.“輪流干某事”及it is ones turn to do sth.“輪到某人干某事”。 10．(xx江蘇改編)The book has helped me greatly in my daily munication, especially at work ________ a good impression is a must. 答案：where　本題考查定語從句引導(dǎo)詞。句意：這本書極大地幫助了我的日常交流，尤其是在必須給人留下好印象的工作當(dāng)中。本題采用還原法解題，將先行詞work還原到定語從句中，即：a good impression is a must at work，顯然關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，故填關(guān)系副詞where。 Ⅱ.閱讀理解 (xx鄭州市第一次質(zhì)量預(yù)測) There was great excitement on the planet of Venus (金星). Venusian scientists managed to land a satellite on the planet Earth, and it has been sending back signals as well as photographs ever since. The satellite was directed into an area known as Manhattan, named after the great Venusian astronomer Professor. Manhattan, who first discovered it with his telescope xx0 light years ago. Because of excellent weather conditions and extremely strong signals, Venusian scientists were able to get valuable information as to feasibility (可行性) of a manned flying saucer landing on Earth. A press conference was held at the Venus Institute of Technology. “We have e to the conclusion, based on last weeks satellite landing，” Prof. Zog said, “that there is no life on Earth.” “How do you know this？” the science reporter of the Venus Evening Star asked. “For one thing, Earths surface in the area of Manhattan is made up of solid concrete and nothing can grow there. For another, the atmosphere is filled with carbon monoxide (一氧化碳) and other deadly gases and nobody could possibly breathe this air and survive.” “What does this mean as far as our flying saucer program is concerned？” “We shall have to take our own oxygen with us, which means a much heavier flying saucer than originally planned.” “Are there any other dangers that you discovered in your studies？” “Take a look at this photo. You see this dark black cloud hovering (盤旋) over the surface of Earth? We dont know what it is made of, but it could give us a lot of trouble and we shall have further tests before we send a Venus Being there.” “Over here you will notice what seems to be a river, but the satellite findings indicate it is polluted and the water is unfit to drink. This means we shall have to carry our own water, which will add even greater weight to the saucer.” “If all you say is true, wont this set back the flying saucer program several years？” “Yes, but we shall continue as soon as the Grubstart gives us the added funds(資金)．” Profession. Zog replied. 文章大意：金星人正在考慮在地球登陸。 1．According to the passage, the Venusian scientists succeeded in getting important information about ________. A．the feasibility of landing a satellite on Earth B．the possibility of making a firstrate flying saucer C．the feasibility of sending a Venus Being to Earth D．the possibility of directing a flying saucer into Manhattan 答案：C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段第一句話“Venusian scientists were able to get valuable information as to feasibility (可行性) of a manned flying saucer landing on Earth.”可知，金星科學(xué)家獲得了寶貴的資料，這些資料是關(guān)于向地球發(fā)生載人飛碟的可行性的。 2．Why will the Venusian have to take their own oxygen with them when they carry out their flying saucer program because ______. A．they need it in their way to the planet of Earth B．the Earths atmosphere is filled with deadly gases C．there is a low level of oxygen for Venusians D．there is no air on the planet of Earth 答案：B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第六段“For another, the atmosphere is filled with carbon monoxide (一氧化碳) and other deadly gases and nobody could possibly breathe this air and survive.”可知，地球大氣充滿了有毒氣體，所以金星人必須自帶氧氣。 3．It can be inferred from the passage that ______. A．landing a manned flying saucer on Earth will be carried out soon B．Venusians will land on Earth to help to stop serious pollution C．its unnecessary to land a manned flying saucer on Earth at present D．pollution on Earth makes it impossible for Venusians to survive there 答案：D　推理判斷題。由文章后半部分可知，金星人登陸地球必須自帶氧氣和水。所以可以推測出地球的環(huán)境污染使金星人不可能在地球上生存。 4．Where can you probably read such a passage? A．In a popular magazine. B．In a fairy tale. C．In an observation journal. D．In science fiction. 答案：D　推理判斷題。由文章內(nèi)容可知，這是一篇科幻題材的文章。 Ⅲ.七選五 (xx北京市海淀區(qū)下學(xué)期期中) There is distinction between reading for information and reading for understanding. __1__ The first sense is the one in which we read newspapers, magazines, or anything else.__2__ Such materials may increase our store of information, but they cannot improve our understanding. And clearly we dont have any difficulty in gaining the new information, for our understanding was equal to them before we started. Otherwise, we would have felt the shock of puzzlement. The second sense is the one in which we read something that at first we do not pletely understand. Here the thing to be read is at the first sight better or higher than the reader. The writer is municating something that can increase the readers understanding. __3__ Otherwise one person could never learn from another. Here “l(fā)earning” means understanding more, not remembering more information. What are the conditions in this kind of reading? First, there is inequality in understanding. __4__ Besides, his book must convey something he possesses and his potential readers lack. Second, the reader must be able to overe this inequality in some degree. And he should always try to reach the same level of understanding with the writer. If the equality is approached, success of munication is achieved. __5__ It is the least demanding and requires the least amount of effort. Everyone who knows how to read can read for entertainment if he wants to. In fact, any book that can be read for understanding or information can probably be read for entertainment as well. A．The writer should have a better municating skill. B．Such munication between unequals must be possible. C．We can get access to the content of those materials easily. D．The writer must be “superior” to the reader in understanding. E．Thus, we can employ the word “reading” in two distinct senses. F．Reading for entertainment is capable of increasing our understanding for information. G．Besides gaining information and understanding, theres another goal of reading—entertainment. 答案： 1．E　根據(jù)The first sense is the one in which we read newspapers, magazines, or anything else.故選E。 2．C　根據(jù)Such materials may increase our store of information, but they cannot improve our understanding.可知這里想說我們可以很容易抓住材料的內(nèi)容，故選C。 3．B　根據(jù)The writer is municating something that can increase the readers understanding.故選B。 4．D　根據(jù)Besides, his book must convey something he possesses and his potential readers lack.可知這里想說作者一定在理解方面高于讀者，故選D。 5．G　根據(jù)It is the least demanding and requires the least amount of effort. Everyone who knows how to read can read for entertainment if he wants to. In fact, any book that can be read for understanding or information can probably be read for entertainment as well.可知這里想說，除了獲得信息和理解，還有另外一個(gè)閱讀目標(biāo)，娛樂，故選G。 Ⅳ.語法填空 (xx新課標(biāo)Ⅱ高考?jí)狠S卷) A man recognized as a genius in business circles was invited as an honour guest to a TV interview. Everybody was eager to hear a success story from him. He, __1__， only said with a slight smile, “Wouldnt it be better for me to ask you for __2__(advise) on a certain problem？” Here is the problem he raised：“People all rushed to the place __3__ a gold mine had recently been discovered but they were blocked by a river __4__(flow) across the only way to it. What would you do if you __5__(be) among them？” “Make a roundabout (繞行的) way，” someone suggested. “Swim across，” said another. The genius smiled __6__ a word. Then he gave his view. “Why not do __7__ else instead of rushing to the mine? How about buying a boat to do some ferrying (擺渡)？” The audience were shocked. He explained calmly, “The man could make __8__ great amount of money from the passengers. They were willing to pay for the ferry __9__ there was gold on the other bank.” Do what others have not thought to do or something never attempted before—that is the key __10__ success. A difficult circumstance, in the eyes of a wise man, often means a potential chance for success. 文章大意：本文是一篇啟迪故事，介紹了一位商業(yè)天才告訴人們要做別人想不到的或以前沒有嘗試過的事情來取得成功。 答案： 1．however　考副詞表轉(zhuǎn)折的用法。根據(jù)語境應(yīng)填一個(gè)表示轉(zhuǎn)折的副詞。 2. advice　考構(gòu)詞法。介詞后面用名詞，注意不能用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 3. where　考關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)定語從句的用法。先行詞是地點(diǎn)名詞，且從句結(jié)構(gòu)完整，應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)。 4．flowing/which　考非謂語動(dòng)詞的用法。根據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)填v.ing形式作定語修飾a river, 表示主動(dòng)，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語從句which/that flows。 5．were　考虛擬語氣的用法。表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，從句用所給動(dòng)詞的過去式，be動(dòng)詞用were。 6．without　考介詞的用法。名詞前面用介詞，根據(jù)語境應(yīng)填without表示“這位商業(yè)天才沒說一句話，只是笑了一笑?！? 7. something　考不定代詞的用法。用于表示建議、請求用代詞something。 8. a　考冠詞的固定搭配?！按罅康摹庇胊 great amount of/a great deal of/a great number of 等表示。 9. because　考從屬連詞的用法。前后分句明顯有因果關(guān)系，故填表示原因的從屬連詞，故填because。 10. to　考介詞的固定搭配。表示“……的關(guān)鍵，……的答案”，用介詞to。 Ⅴ.短文改錯(cuò) (xx唐山二模) One cold evening during the holiday season, a little boy about six or seven was standing out in the front of a store window. The little child has no shoes and his clothes were just rags. A young woman passes by saw the little boy and could read the desire in his pale blue eyes. She took the child by the hand and led him into the store. There she bought her some new shoes and a plete suit of warmly clothing.They came back outside into the street, so the woman told the child to e home and have a happy holiday. The little boy looked her and asked how she was God. She smiled and replied that she was just one of His child. 答案： One cold evening during the holiday season, a little boy about six or seven was standing out in the front of a store window. The little child no shoes and his clothes were just rags. A young woman by saw the little boy and could read the desire in his pale blue eyes. She took the child by the hand and led him into the store. There she bought some new shoes and a plete suit of clothing. They came back outside into the street, the woman told the child to home and have a happy holiday. The little boy looked her and asked she was God. She smiled and replied that she was just one of His .