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2019-2020年高三英語一輪復習 Unit5 The silver screen教案 人教大綱版 ⊕考綱要求： ◆ 考綱規(guī)定的考試范圍: 1. 重點單詞與短語：hero; scene; career; role; award; prize; choice; degree; speed; studio; creature; adult; peace; industry; owe; accept; primary; determine; ment; take off; go wrong; owe sth. to sb.; in all; stay away; lock sb. up; run after; bring sb. back; on the air; think highly of; 2.句型： While still a student, she played roles in many plays. 連詞 + 名詞做時間狀語 When asked about the secret of his success, Steven Spielberg said 連詞+過去分詞做時間狀語 After graduating , she went to New York, where she stared working as an actress and won the Theater World Award for a role in a play. where 引導的定語從句 The reason why he could not go there was that his grades were too low. why引導的定語從句 3. 語法：The Attributive Clause(Ⅰ) 1.描述特定時間的特征——由when或介詞+which引導定語從句 2. 描述特定地點的特征——由where或介詞+which引導定語從句 3. 描述特定原因或理由的內容——由why或介詞+which引導定語從句 ◆ 復習本章要達到的目標 1. 掌握scene; role; award; prize; choice; degree; speed; creature; peace; industry; owe; accept; primary; determine; ment; be afraid to do sth.; can’t help doing; together with; leave out; stare at; make jokes about sb.; mean to do; mean doing; start with; ask for. 等重點單詞及短語的用法。 2. 掌握 狀語從句的省略的用法；when/where/why以及由介詞+which引導的定語從句的用法；until/till引導時間狀語從句的用法。 ⊕教材知識歸納 ◆知識歸納 1. What is happening in this scene? Scene的用法 (1)(事件發(fā)生的)地點,現場; The criminal fled the scene. 罪犯逃離了現場。 (2)場景；畫面 The last scene of the play was very moving. 那出戲的最后場面非常令人感動。 Many people went to help him, which was a moving scene. 很多人去幫助他，這是一個令人感動的畫面。 （3）光景，風景，景色 After sunset the scene of the children playing in the garden disappeared. 日落之后孩子們在花園里高興玩耍的景象消失了。 注意：scene, scenery, view與sight (1) scene表示“景色”“風景”時，指所見之物，也可表示動態(tài)或靜止的室內或室外的場景常被當作一個整體而看的景色。 Do you remember the scene in the play where Susan meets Alan for the first time? 你記不記得劇中蘇珊第一次遇見阿倫的那個場面？ （2）scenery不可數名詞，指天然景色.景致.場面。 We passed through some beautiful scenery on our journey through the Lake District. 我們在穿越英國湖泊區(qū)的旅途中，看到了不少美麗的景色。 （3）view可數名詞，意為“景色.風景.風景照.風景畫”。(強調從高出看到的景觀) You’ll get a fine view of the from the top of the hill. 從山頂你可以清楚地看到全鎮(zhèn)的全景。 （4）sight指某一地區(qū)值得觀看游覽的.具有特色的建筑物.風景.名勝。 The Great Wall is one of the most breathtaking sights in the world. 長城是世上驚人的景觀之一。+ 2. where she stared working as an actress and won the Theater World Award for a role in a play. award的用法 　　(1) 可數名詞，主要指“獎品，獎賞，獎金”，有時也指“報酬，工資”。 　　MerylStreep won the best actress award. 梅麗爾斯特里普獲最佳女演員獎。 　　The Olympic winner received a gold medal as an award. 奧運會冠軍的獎品是一枚金牌。 　　The nurses’ pay award was not as much as they had expected. 　　護士的工資遠沒有她們預想的那么多。 　　(2) vt. 給予，授予，判給 　　Einstein was awarded the Nobel Prize for his work in quantum physics. 　　愛因斯坦因在量子物理學方面的成就而被授予諾貝爾獎。 　　The university awarded her a scholarship. 那所大學給她發(fā)了獎學金。 　　注意：prize award reward的區(qū)別 (1) prize主要用于表示“獲得幾等獎”或“獲獎金額”，常說 win a prize for---; win the first prize (2) award 常用于獎項名稱 the Housing Design Award (3) reward 報酬，酬金；賞金 It is unfair that he gets very little in reward for his hard work. 他工作很辛苦,報酬卻很少,這不公平。 A large reward is offered for the capture of the criminals. 巨額懸賞捉拿這些罪犯。 3．She won many more prizes while acting in famous films such as Sophie’s choice choose：v.主要義項為：（1）挑選，選擇（2）決定，寧愿，情愿 choice：n.選擇；入選者；精選品 adj.極好的；精選的 We have to choose a new manager from a shortlist of five candidates. 我們得從最終入選名單上的五位候選人中選出一位新經理。 I chose to go to the cinema alone. 我決定一個人去看電影。 Employees can retire at 55 if they choose. 如果雇員愿意的話，可在55歲退休。 There is a wide range of choice open to you. 你有很大的選擇余地。 They bought a choice piece of property near the water. 他們在水邊買了一塊極好的地皮。 相關歸納： （1）cannot choose but to do除了……外別無他法；只得 He cannot choose but to obey. 除了聽從之外他別無選擇 （2）by choice出于自己的選擇 I wouldn’t go there by choice. 讓我選擇，我不會去那里。 （3）have no choice but to do sth 除了……外別無他法；只得 We have no choice but to wiat. 我們除了等之外別無選擇。 （4）choose sth 與choose from sth choose sth 是指選中了什么東西；choose from sth 是指從某些東西中選擇 4. This was the moment when Spielberg’s career really took off. take 的短語歸納 (1) take off ① (飛機)起飛 A helicopter is able to take off and land straight up or down. ② 脫下(衣裳等)；取下 He took off his wet shoes. / Who took the knob off the door? ③ 休假；請假；歇工 When his wife was sick he took off from work. ④ (指觀念、產品) 大受歡迎；(事業(yè))突然發(fā)達，成功The new type of cell phones has really taken off. / His business began to take off when he was in his forties. (2) take down ① 拿下來；取下來 He reached up to the third shelf of the bookcase and took down a dictionary. ② 記下來 He read out the names and his secretary took them down. (3) take in ① 接受 (房客，客人等)；收留 The farmers took in the lost travelers for the night. ② 理解；領會；明白 The boys could not take in his meaning. ③使上當；欺騙We were pletely taken in by her story. (4) take on ① 雇用=hire=employ Is the supermarket taking on any more assistant? ② 呈現；具有(新面貌、意思等) Our village has taken on a new look. (5) take up ① 從事某項活動；發(fā)展某種愛好 So many young men want to take up writing. ② 開始做(某項工作)；開始學習(某個課程) Then she took up the task of getting the breakfast. ③ 占去 (時間或空間) The meeting took up the whole morning. The table takes up too much room. ④ 接受Id like to take up your offer of a ride into town. (6) take over接替；接任 He took over his father’s job after his father died in xx. 5. Steven Spielberg said that he owes much of his success and happiness to his wife and his children. owe的用法 (1)owe sth. to sb./sth.或owe sb. sth.：歸功于； The young writer owed his success to his teachers encouragement. 那個年輕的作家把他的成功歸功于老師的鼓勵。 (2)owe it to sb that clause I owed it to you that I finished my work in time . 我能及時完成工作歸功于你。 (3) owe sth. to sb./sth.或owe sb. sth. 欠，欠債 The food cost ￡4 , but I only paid ￡3 so I still owe ￡1. (4)owing to 由于 Owing to your timely help , I finished my work in time . 由于你的及時的幫助，我取得了成功。 6. After that it still took seven years before they finally got married. marry 的用法： 相關歸納： (1)be married (to)與……結婚；嫁給……用于表示結婚的狀態(tài)。 They have been married for ten years. 他們已結婚十年了。 (2)get married (to)與……結婚；嫁給……用于表示結婚的動作。 They got married a year ago. 他們一年前結的婚。 (3)marry sb. to sb.把……嫁給 The old man married his daughter to an engineer. 這個老人把他的女兒嫁給了一名工程師。 注意： （1）marry是及物動詞，表示“與……結婚”，無須再用with或其他介詞。 錯誤：She married with/to a man with a lot of money. 正確：She married a man with a lot of money. （2）marry是非延續(xù)性動詞，不可于表示一段時間的狀語連用。 錯誤：They have married for ten years. 正確：They have been married for ten years. （3）be married可以與表示一段時間的狀語連用。 錯誤：They have got married for ten years. 正確：They got married ten years ago. 7. While still a student, she played roles in many plays. When asked about the secret of his success, Steven Spielberg said When等連詞引導的狀語從句中的省略： 當when, while, until, if, unless等連詞引導的狀語從句的主語與主句的主語相同或主語為it時，或從句的主謂部分為it和be動詞時，從句的主語及部分謂語（be動詞）可省略。 When (he was) asked, he gave good advice. If (it is) necessary, we’ll have a meeting. He will not go to the party unless (he is) invited. 8. she walks till she finally reached the town. 含有until/till結構的句子： （1）until/till引導的結構與肯定句連用時，主句謂語動詞為延續(xù)性動詞，其動作延續(xù)到until/till所表示時間就停止； When Mary has to get off the bus, she walks till she finally reaches the town. （2）until/till引導的結構與否定句連用時，構成not…until/till…結構，主句所表達的動作直到until/till所表示的時間才發(fā)生，譯成“直到……才……” We didn’t go until he came back. （3）強調not until/till有兩種方式：a. not until/till放在句首，主句采用部分倒裝語序，謂語動詞用原形；b. 用It’s …that…強調句型。not需要放在被強調部分，句式為：“It is/was not until…that+主句部分（用肯定形式）” Not until he came back did we go. It was not until he came back that we went. 9.She tries to keep the students in the classroom by locking them up and running after those who escape. run短語總結 (1) run for 競選 He decided to run for the 56th president. 他決定競選第56屆總統(tǒng)。 (2)run sb off sbs feet 使疲于奔命 The naughty boy ran his mother off her feet. 那個淘氣的孩子使他的母親疲于奔命 (3) run across 偶然遇到 I ran across an old friend who I hadn’t met for 30 yaers. 我偶然遇到了一位30年沒見面的朋友。 (4) run after 追逐，追蹤 The police are running a thief. 警察正在追趕一個小偷。 (5) run into 碰撞；遇上．偶然遇到；陷于。碰上(困境、麻煩等) (6) run out 用光，耗盡(不及物) Our fool supplies will run out soon. 我們的食品供應很快就會用完。 (7) run out of 用光／耗盡…… We have run out of our fool supplies. 我們已經把我們的食品供給用完了。 注意：表示偶然遇到可以用以下幾種結構 run into = run across = meet with= meet by chance=e across 10. She determined to bring Huike back safely. determine vt.決定；確定；決心 (1)determine sth.決定；限定；支配 The amount of rainfall determines the size of the crop. 降雨量決定著收成的好壞。 (2)determine to do sth.(動作)決定做…… No matter what happens ,she has determined to tell the truth. 無論發(fā)生什么事，他都已經決定把真相說出來。 (3)be determine to do sth.(狀態(tài))決心做…… I am determined to go and nothing will stop me. 我決心要去，什么也攔不住我。 (4)determine on/upon sth.決心做某事 They determined on an early start. 他們決定早出發(fā)。 歸納總結： (1)determined也可以用作形容詞，表示“決意的，已決定了的；堅定的，堅決的”，可用be determined to do 表示“決定干某事”。 We are determined to succeed this time. 我們決心這次要取得成功。 There is a determined look on his face. 他臉上有個堅定的表情。 (2)determination n.[U]決定，決心 We should carry out the plan with great determination. 我們應堅決實現這一計劃。 She is a woman of great determination. 她是一位意志堅定的婦女。 11. She wants them to let her appear live on the air, hoping that Huike will see her. live 的用法 　　(1)adj. 活的；活生生的；(只修飾生物；只作前置定語) 　The laboratory is conducting experiments with a dozen live monkeys. 　　該實驗室在用十多只活猴子進行實驗。 (2) adj./adv.實況直播的 (不是錄音) 　They gave live broadcast while the performances were in process on the stage. 　　 當演出在舞臺上進行時他們進行了實況轉播。 　　 The concert will be broadcast live. 這次演唱會將進行實況轉播。 注意：live lively living alive 的區(qū)別 (1) living adj. 活著的，有生命的(作表語或定語) She was, he thought, the best living novelist in England. The old man is still living. (或alive) (2) alive adj. ① 活著的；② 有活力的；有生氣 作后置定語：Whos the greatest man alive? 作表語： My grandmother is more alive than a lot of young people. 作補語：They caught the thief alive. (4) lively adj. 活潑的；有生氣的；活躍的(作表語或定語) The music is bright and lively. He gave a lively description of the concert. 12He causes trouble for Minzhi almost everyday. trouble 的用法 派生詞： troublesome adj. 愛惹麻煩的 相關歸納： (1) ask for trouble 自尋煩惱；自找麻煩 What made you write such a letter? It was asking for trouble. (2) (be) in trouble 有煩事；有困難；出事；惹麻煩 He never came except when he was in trouble. (3) put sb. to trouble 給某人造成麻煩；增添麻煩 I am sorry for putting you to so much trouble. 非常抱歉給你添了那么多麻煩。 (4) take trouble to do sth. 不辭辛勞做某事 It was good of you to take the trouble to help us. (5) have trouble with sth. I often have trouble with my teeth. 我常常牙痛。 (6) have trouble (in) doing sth. I had a little trouble learning English grammar. 我學英文語法有過一點困難。 (7)trouble to do sth. 費心做某事 She didnt even trouble to look at our presents. 她甚至不屑看一下我們的禮物。 13.I f you think highly of the film you may encourage other people to go and see it. (1)think highly(well, a lot, the world…) of對……評價很高 We think highly of their research in this field. 我們對他們這方面的研究評價很高。 He thinks the world of his daughter. 他非常器重女兒。 相關歸納： ①think poorly(little, badly…) of對……評價不高 I don’t think much of her idea.我認為她的主意不怎么樣。 ② sing high praise for對……評價很高 We sing high praise for his contributions to his country. 我們高度評價了他對他的祖國做出的貢獻。 ③speak highly of 對……評價很高 We speak highly of his latest picture. 我們對他的最新作品評價很高。 ④have a high opinion of對……評價很高 We have a high opinion of his position. 我們對他的最作文評價很高。 (2) encourage的用法： 派生詞: encouraging adj. 鼓勵的，給予希望的，振奮人心的。令人歡欣鼓舞的 encouraged adj. 被激勵的，受到鼓舞的 encouragement n. 鼓勵，激勵 discourage v. 使泄氣；勸阻 discouraging adj. 令人灰心的 discouraged adj. 感到灰心的 相關歸納： (1)encourage sb to do sth 鼓勵某人做某事 She encouraged him to talk to her. 她鼓勵他與她交談。 (2)discourage sb from doing sth 使某人沒有勇氣去做某事 The rain discouraged us from going out. 雨打消了我們外出的念頭。 14.When the park is hit by a storm, things start going wrong. go wrong走錯路，誤入歧途；不對頭；出毛病 在該短語中go是系動詞，go作為系動詞構成的短語： go mad瘋了 go blind失明 go hungry挨餓 go cold發(fā)冷；變冷 go wild 發(fā)狂 go bad（食物）變質 go red臉發(fā)紅 注意：go, get, bee, grow, turn的區(qū)別 這些詞均可用作連系動詞，都有“變，變得”之意，但用法有一定不同。 (1)go通常表示由好變壞或由正常情況變成特殊情況。 go bad/blind/mad/wrong變壞/變瞎/瘋了/出毛病。 (2)bee和get表示的變化可以是由好到壞，也可以是由壞到好，強調變化過程的完成。bee better/worse更好/更糟；get richer and richer變得越來越富 (3)grow有“逐漸變化”的含義，強調變化的過程。 grow tall長高；grow louder（聲音）大起來 (4)turn表示變?yōu)橥耆煌氖挛?，強調變化的結果。 turn yellow變黃；turn gray變灰白 15 This was the moment when Spielberg’s career really took off. 關系副詞when的用法： 當先行詞是表示時間的名詞，用when，在定語從句中充當時間狀語，這時一般可以用介詞＋which來代替，when 可以引導限制性定語從句，也可以引導非限制性定語從句。 I will never forget the day when/ on which I went to university. 我永遠忘記不了我去上大學的那一天。 He still remember the morning when/ on which the earthquake happened. 他依舊記得地震發(fā)生的那天早上。 We will have wait until next Friday, when our house will be painted. 我們將等到下周五，那時我們的房子將要漆好了。 16.After graduating , she went to New York, where she stared working as an actress and won the Theater World Award for a role in a play. where 引導的定語從句 關系副詞when的用法： 當先行詞是表示地點的名詞，用where，在定語從句中充當地點狀語，這時一般可以用介詞＋which來代替: This is the house where/ in which he used to live. I know of a place where/ in which we can swim. Is there any shop around where/ in which I can buy a pen. ◆概念提示 重點/熱點1： cant help doing sth. 禁不住做某事，不由得不做某事 She couldnt hep smiling. 相關歸納： (1) cant help but do 不得不……；不能不 When the streets are full of melting snow, you cant help but get your shoes wet. (2) cannot but 不能不，只能He could not but feel disappointed. (3)help (sb.) (to) do sth. Help me get him back to bed at once. By helping them we are helping save ourselves. (4) help...with sth. 幫助……做某事 In those days he used to help her mother with her gardening. (5) help oneself / sb. to sth. 給自己 / 別人夾菜 / 拿煙等；擅自拿用 May I help you to some more vegetables? (6)help out 幫忙 (做事；克服困難等) Ive often helped Bob out when hes been a bit short of money. 重點/熱點2：take ones place (1) 入座，站好位置，取得地位Take your places, please. We are about to start. (2) take ones place = take the place of sb. 代替(職務或工作等)；接替 Electric trains have now taken the place of steam trains in England. 相關歸納： (1) in place of代替；……而不用 The grown-ups had coffee but the children wanted milk in place of coffee. （2）take ones seat 在自己座位上坐下；等于 take ones place More men entered and took their seats. (3) take place 發(fā)生；舉行 Great changes have taken place in our country since liberation. Their wedding will take place next Friday. (4) in place 在原處；適合的，恰當的 He likes everything in place before he starts work. His behavior at the meeting is in place. (5)out of place 不在原處；不適合的，不恰當的 易混易錯點1：1. The reason why he could not go there was that his grades were too low. 他沒能上電影學院是因為他的分數太低了。 該句中的why引導一個定語從句，而that引導表語從句。 (1) 句中that引導的表語從句說明主語reason的具體內容 注意以下三種結構： ① The reason is / was that clause. 當主語是reason / cause時，一般不能用because或why引導表語從句，以免造成語意重復。 The reason why/for which(也可以省去) he was late was that he got up late. 他遲到的原因是他起床晚了。 ②當主語是This / That時，可以由because / why引導表語從句。 He got up late . That was why he was late for class. He was late for class. That was because He got up late. (2)why在句中是關系副詞，引導定語從句，修飾先行詞reason，同時它在定語從句中作狀語，此時why = for which，但要注意：關系詞在定語從句中作主語或賓語時，要用關系代詞that或which。 The reason why/for which(也可以省去) he was late was that he got up late. 他遲到的原因是他起床晚了。 The reason that/which/(也可以省去) he gave you was reasonable. 他給你的理由是合理的。 ⊕講題組 ◆ 課內題例與課后題： 課內題例 1. -- I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. -- Is that ____ you had a few days off? A. why B. when C. what D. where 變式1. Is this the reason ____ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work? A. he explained B. what he explained C. how he explained D. why he explained 變式2. The reason ____he failed to pass the exam was ____ he never studied hard. A. why what B. because that C. why that D. why because 變式3. Is this the reason _____ he was punished? Which of the following is wrong? A. why B. for which C. 不填 D. that 解析：1.句子的意思是“那就是你請了幾天假的原因嗎?”因此可知答案為why。答案：A 變式1. what，how不能引導定語從句，排除B、C兩項；the reason在定語從句中作explained的賓語，可填that / which，或者也可以省略。答案：A 變式2. 該題考查The reason why從句 be that 從句。答案：C 變式3. the reason后接定語從句，并且定語從句主謂賓完整時?？捎萌N結構引導定語從句：the reason + why/for which/ 不填。該題就符合這樣的結構所以答案為D 2. He left the place, ____ never to return. A. determined B. to determine C. being determined D. having determined 變式1.—— sand , the basket is heavy to carry. A. Being filled with B. Being full of C. Filling with D. Full of 解析：1.該句意思是“他離開了這個地方，決心以后再也不回來了” 。用determined（adj.）表示離開時候的狀態(tài)。英語中常用形容詞表示狀態(tài)。選項中的D 是表示動作的所以答案為A. 變式1. 該題是考查原因狀語的。Being+ adj. 可以用來表示原因。但是如果一個形容詞是由動詞的分詞轉變而來的，在表示原因時一定不能加being。所以該題的正確答案可以是 Being full of或Filled with . 3. Many people watched the ___ TV broadcast of football matches. A. live B. alive C. living D .lively 變式1. They caught the thief _____ when he tried to run away. A. live B. alive C. living D .lively 變式2. The football match will be broadcast _____ on Friday. A. live B. alive C. living D .lively 變式3.Who is the greatest writer in the world____? A. live B. alive C. living D .lively 解析：3..該題考查live；alive；living；lively的區(qū)別。live 做現場直播這一意思時不僅可以用作形容詞也可以用作副詞。該題考查的是live 的形容詞詞性。答案：A 變式1. alive作后置定語：Whos the greatest man alive? 作表語：Was the snake alive or dead? / My grandmother is more alive than a lot of young people. 作補語：Lets keep the fish alive。所以答案為B 變式2. . live 做現場直播這一意思時不僅可以用作形容詞也可以用作副詞。該題考查的是live 的副詞詞性。答案：A 變式3. 見變式2。答案：B 4. He has ______ mad because of his son’s sudden death. A. bee B. got C. gone D. turned 變式1. He ____ teacher right after he graduated in xx. A. bee B. got C. gone D. turned 變式2. The man on the stage has ____ 40 . A. bee B. got C. gone D. turned 解析：1. 考查go +adj. 用法，側重表示變成不好的狀態(tài)。答案：B 變式1. 四個選項中能接名名詞做表語，并且名詞前不能帶冠詞的只有turn.答案：D 變式2. 固定表示方法，說某個人跨入多少歲要用“turn”答案：D 5. This is the factory ____ he worked three years. A. where B. which C. when D. that 變式1. This is the factory ____ he will visit next week. A. where B. as C. when D. that 變式2.There were dirty marks on her trousers ______ she had wiped her hands. A. where B. which C. when D. that 變式3.I want to find a room ______ to store my books. A. where B. which C. in which D. for which 變式4. The English play ______ my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success. A. of which B. during which C. from which D. in which 解析：5. 關系副詞where引導定語從句，修飾the factory，并在定語從句中作地點狀語。答案：A 變式1. 由于定語從句缺賓語所以應該填關系代詞，that引導了定語從句又在從句中做了賓語。答案：D 變式2. 關系副詞where引導定語從句，修飾trousers，并在定語從句中作地點狀語。全句意思為：在她擦手的褲子上留下了污跡。答案：A 變式3. 該題考查的是“prep. + which+ 不定式”放在名詞后作定語的結構，由于該結構不是定語從句所以prep. + which不可以替換為where。答案：C 變式4.介詞+關系代詞” 引導的定語從句是定語從句中的重點、難點。選擇該結構中的介詞的原則是：（1）根據從句中的謂語動詞的搭配習慣;（2）根據先行詞的搭配習慣;（3）表“所有”關系或“整體中的一部分”時，用of。本題表示“在劇中表演”，應用介詞in，故選D。 6. Unless ___to speak，you should remain silent at the conference. A. invited B. inviting C. being invited D. having invited 變式1. Generally speaking, ____ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect. A. when taking B. when taken C. when to take D. when to be taken 解析：6. unless為連詞，后面省略了you are，所以選invited。答案：A 變式1. take和drug是動賓關系，要用過去分詞作狀語。可看作是when it is taken的省略。答案：B 課后題： 1．There are so many kinds of goods in the store ______ that I don’t know what to buy A. to choose B. to be chosen from C. choosing D. choosing from 2. . –Will you go to the museum tomorrow? -I will if I _________ no visitors. A. have B. will have C. shall have D. am having 3. I _________ a single word in the past three days. A. haven’t been reading B. haven’t read C. hadn’t read D. didn’t read 4. We found English difficult ________. A. to be learned B. to learn C. to learn from D. learned 5. I didn’t mind ______