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Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅰ.讀單詞 積累詞匯 1.struggle n. 進口,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,10. nationality n.國籍→nation n.國家;民族→national adj.國家的;民族的 11.occupation n.職業(yè);工作;占領(lǐng)→occupy vt. 占領(lǐng) 12.confuse vt.使迷惑;使為難→confused adj.感到迷惑的→confusing adj.令人迷惑的→confusion n.迷惑 13.chemical adj.化學(xué)的;關(guān)于化學(xué)的→chemistry n.化學(xué)→chemist n.化學(xué)家;藥劑師 14.reduce vt.減少;縮減→reduction n. 減少;縮小 15.summary n.總結(jié);摘要→summarize vt.總結(jié),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,1.equip vt.(尤指通過教育)使做好準備,使有能力,使有資格 e.g. A basic two-hour first aid course would equip you to deal with any of these incidents. 兩小時的基礎(chǔ)急救課程能夠讓你有能力處理這類事件。 2.grain n.少量;微量 e.g.There isn’t a grain of truth in it.那事無絲毫真實性。 3.root vi.(指人)翻尋, (尤指)亂翻 e.g.What are you doing rooting around in my desk?你在我的書桌里亂翻什么呀?,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,underline一詞中,under-為前綴,意思是“在下面;在……之下;較小;較低”等意思。再如:underage未成年的,underdeveloped生活水平低的,underdog弱者,underemployed未充分就業(yè)的,underestimate低估,undergo經(jīng)歷,undergraduate本科生,underground地下的,underneath在……底下。,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅱ.背短語 活學(xué)活用 1.rid.of使……擺脫或除去 2.thanks to幸虧;由于;因為 3.would rather寧愿;寧可 4.build up 逐漸增強;建立;開發(fā) 5.struggle for為……而奮斗 6.keep.free from/of使……免受;使……不含 pare.with與……作比較 8.be satisfied with對……感到滿意 9.lead to導(dǎo)致 10.focus on集中(注意力、精力等)于,,,,,,,,,,,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅲ.賞佳句 思維提優(yōu) 1.If not,what kind of plant would you like to try growing?(教材原句,P9) 2.Although he is one of China’s most famous scientists,Yuan Longping considers himself a farmer,for he works the land to do his research.(教材原句,P10) 3.This special strain of rice makes it possible to produce one-third more of the crop in the same fields.(教材原句,P10) 4.Using his hybrid rice,farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before.(教材原句,P10) 5.He would much rather keep time for his hobbies.(教材原句,P10) 6.Over the past half century,using chemical fertilizers has become very common in farming.(教材原句,P14) 7.In addition,fruit,vegetables and other food grown with chemical fertilizers usually grow too fast to be full of much nutrition.(教材原句,P14),Ⅰ,Ⅱ,6,7,8,9,10,1,2,3,4,5,1.struggle vt.努力 ①Indeed,his sunburnt face and arms and his slim,strong body are just like those of millions of Chinese farmers,for whom he has struggled for the past five decades.(教材原句,P10) 的確,他曬黑的面龐和手臂,以及清瘦而又結(jié)實的身軀,就跟千百萬中國農(nóng)民一模一樣,他過去50年來努力工作就是為了幫助他們。,,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,6,7,8,9,10,1,2,3,4,5,struggle with既可以表示“與……并肩作戰(zhàn)”,也可以相當(dāng)于struggle against,表示“與……搏斗/斗爭”。,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,6,7,8,9,10,1,2,3,4,5,即境活用用合適的介副詞填空 ②We must struggle against this prejudice for a more tolerant attitude to our beliefs. 我們必須努力克服這種偏見,從而在信仰上采取更為寬容的態(tài)度。 ③Only those who struggle on can achieve success. 只有那些克服困難堅持下來的人才能取得成功。 ④Why do Americans struggle with watching their weight,while the French,who consume rich food,continue to stay thin?(2014陜西卷) 為什么美國人一直努力關(guān)注他們的體重,而法國人雖然吃的油膩卻能保持苗條?,,,,,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,6,7,8,9,10,1,2,3,4,5,2.expand vt.伸展 ①Yuan Longping searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding the area of the fields.(教材原句,P10) 袁隆平博士尋找一種方法來增加水稻的產(chǎn)量而不用擴大其種植面積。,,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,6,7,8,9,10,1,2,3,4,5,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,6,7,8,9,10,1,2,3,4,5,即境活用完成句子 ②As Helen’s knowledge and vocabulary expanded,she asked more and more questions.(北師大⑥—16) 隨著海倫知識和詞匯量的擴大,她問的問題越來越多。 ③The road extends for miles and miles. 這條路向遠處綿延伸展。 ④The water spread over the floor. 水流了一地。 ⑤He woke up,yawned and stretched. 他一覺醒來,邊打呵欠邊伸懶腰。,,,,,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,6,7,8,9,10,1,2,3,4,5,3.rid vt.to be free of sb./sth.that has been annoying you or that you do not want擺脫;除去 ①Thanks to his research,the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger.(教材原句,P10) 多虧他的研究,聯(lián)合國在消除世界饑餓的戰(zhàn)斗中又多了些方法。,,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,6,7,8,9,10,1,2,3,4,5,即境活用完成句子 ②You seem in rather a hurry to get rid of me. 看起來你急于想擺脫我。 ③The proposals are an attempt to rid the country of political corruption. (提出)這些提議是為了試圖使這個國家擺脫政治腐敗。 ④It seems to me your wife was a shallow woman and you are well rid of her. 在我看來你妻子是一個淺薄的女人,幸好你離開了她。,,,,,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,6,7,8,9,10,1,2,3,4,5,4.equip vt.裝備 ①He therefore gives millions of yuan to equip others for their research in agriculture.(教材原句,P10) 因此,他資助幾百萬元供他人進行農(nóng)業(yè)研究。 ②I get very nervous because I’m using a lot of expensive equipment. 因為正在使用很多昂貴的設(shè)備,所以我非常緊張。,,,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,6,7,8,9,10,1,2,3,4,5,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,6,7,8,9,10,1,2,3,4,5,即境活用完成句子 ③Please equip yourself with a sharp pencil and a rubber for the exam. 請準備一支尖的鉛筆和一塊橡皮參加考試。 ④The soldiers were well equipped with weapons and ammunition. 士兵們裝備好了武器和彈藥。 ⑤A good education should equip you for life. 有良好的教育能受用終生。,,,,,,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,6,7,8,9,10,1,2,3,4,5,5.regret vt.to feel sorry about something you have done and wish you had not done it遺憾;惋惜 n.sadness that you feel about something,especially because you wish it had not happened遺憾;懊悔 ①His father says that he has never regretted sending his son study abroad.(教材原句,P13) 他父親說他從來不后悔送他兒子到國外學(xué)習(xí)。 ②I regret to say the job has been filled. 十分抱歉,那個工作已經(jīng)有人做了。,,,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,6,7,8,9,10,1,2,3,4,5,regret to do sth.表示“遺憾要去做某事”,其中的do一般是say,tell,inform,announce等這樣的詞。,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,6,7,8,9,10,1,2,3,4,5,即境活用完成句子 ③I regret to tell that you didn’t pass the examination.(外研⑥—7) 我很遺憾地告訴你你沒有通過考試。 ④Much to my regret,I am unable to accept your invitation. 很抱歉,我不能接受你的邀請。 ⑤Five years later she regreted having given up her home. 五年后她對當(dāng)初放棄自己的家感到后悔。,,,,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,6,7,8,9,10,1,2,3,4,5,6.reduce vt.to make something smaller or less in size,amount,or price減少;縮減 ①A healthy soil reduces disease and helps crops grow strong and healthy.(教材原句,P14) 健康的土壤減少疾病,并有助于農(nóng)作物生長得強壯、健康。 ②The UK promises to reduce its carbon emissions by 80 percent by 2050.(2014湖南卷) 英國許諾到2050年全國碳的排放減少80%。,,,,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,6,7,8,9,10,1,2,3,4,5,表示“減少”的表達還有bring down “減少,縮減”;cut down “減少,削減”。,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,6,7,8,9,10,1,2,3,4,5,即境活用完成句子 ③The job losses will reduce the total workforce to 7,000. 職位減少后,在職工人總數(shù)將減至7,000人。 ④They were reduced to extreme poverty. 他們陷入極端貧困的狀態(tài)。 ⑤He was reduced to begging for a living. 他不得不以乞討為生。,,,,,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,6,7,8,9,10,1,2,3,4,5,ment n.an opinion that you express about someone or something [=remark]評論;議論 vi.作出評論 ①Swap summaries with your partner and give each other comments.(教材原句,P15) 和同伴交換摘要并做互評。 ②So far,Mr Cook has not commented on these reports. 到目前為止,庫克先生仍未就這些報道發(fā)表評論。,,,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,6,7,8,9,10,1,2,3,4,5,即境活用漢譯英 ③無可奉告。我什么都不知道。 No comment.I don’t know anything. ④他在北京的記者招待會上發(fā)表了意見。 He made his comments at a news conference in Beijing.,,,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,6,7,8,9,10,1,2,3,4,5,8.lead to通往;導(dǎo)致 ①Many of these chemicals can lead to cancer or other illnesses.(教材原句,P14) 很多這些化學(xué)物質(zhì)可能會導(dǎo)致癌癥或其他疾病。,,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,6,7,8,9,10,1,2,3,4,5,lead to中的to是介詞;而lead sb.to do sth.中的to是不定式符號。 即境活用漢譯英 ②你是怎樣得出這個結(jié)論的? What led you to this conclusion? ③你的工作似乎不會有什么結(jié)果。 Your work seems to be leading nowhere. ④她和丈夫一起過著平凡而幸福的生活。 She led a normal,happy life with her husband. ⑤條條大路通羅馬。 All roads lead to Rome.,,,,,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,6,7,8,9,10,1,2,3,4,5,9.focus on/upon 集中注意力于…… ①They focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease.(教材原句,P14) 他們主要是想保持土壤肥沃且免于病害。,,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,6,7,8,9,10,1,2,3,4,5,即境活用完成句子 ②Her beauty makes her the focus of attention. 她長得漂亮,很惹人注目。 ③If you focus the sun’s rays through a magnifying glass on a dry leaf,it will start to burn. 用放大鏡把陽光聚到干葉子上,葉子就能燃燒。 ④Please focus your minds on the following problem. 請集中心思考慮以下問題。 ⑤The children’s faces were badly out of focus in the photograph. 照片上孩子們的臉非常模糊。,,,,,,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,6,7,8,9,10,1,2,3,4,5,10.keep.free from/of 使……免受(影響;傷害等);使……不含(有害物) ①This also keeps the air,soil,water and crops free from chemicals.(教材原句,P14) 這還可以讓空氣、土壤、水以及農(nóng)作物不受化學(xué)物質(zhì)的污染。,,,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,6,7,8,9,10,1,2,3,4,5,即境活用完成句子 ②Relaxation exercises can free your body of tension. 放松運動可以松緩身體的緊張。 ③He is very free with his time. 他毫不吝惜自己的時間。 ④The performers have all offered their services free of charge. 演員們都愿意免費出演。,,,,,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,回扣教材,句式精解,1.If so, what did you do to grow them?(教材原句,P9) 2.Yuan Longping grows what is called super hybrid rice.(教材原句,P10) 3.This special strain of rice makes it possible to produce 20% more of the crop in the same fields.(教材原句,P10) 4.Recently,however,scientists have been finding that long-term use of these fertilizers can cause damage to the land and,even more dangerous,to people’s health.(教材原句,P14) 5.Crops such as peas or soybeans put important minerals back into the soil,making it ready for crops such as wheat or corn that need rich and fertile soil.(教材原句,P14),,,,,,,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,回扣教材,句式精解,1.What is/was called,即境活用完成句子 ①At last,they reached what is called the New America. 最后,他們到達被稱為美洲大陸的新地方。 ②He graduated from what was called a key high school. 他畢業(yè)于一所所謂的重點高中。,,,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,回扣教材,句式精解,2.make+it+adj./n.+to do,即境活用完成句子 ①We make it a rule to do some English practice before class. 我們把課前做英語練習(xí)定為一個規(guī)則。 ②Do you find it funny to see someone sliding on a banana skin? 你覺得看到有人踩香蕉皮滑倒很可笑嗎?,,,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,回扣教材,句式精解,3.現(xiàn)在完成進行時,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,回扣教材,句式精解,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,回扣教材,句式精解,即境活用完成句子 ①—I have got a headache. ——我頭疼。 —No wonder.You have been working in front of that computer too long. ——難怪你頭疼,你在電腦前工作的時間太長了。 ②She has been burning the midnight oil to prepare for GRE. 她最近在熬夜準備GRE考試。 ③My clothes are all wet.I have been working in the rain. 我的衣服全濕了,我剛才一直在雨中干活。 ④Where have you been?I have been waiting for you in the rain for two hours. 你去哪了?我在雨中等了你兩個小時。,,,,,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,回扣教材,句式精解,4.非謂語動詞與結(jié)果狀語,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,回扣教材,句式精解,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,回扣教材,句式精解,即境活用完成句子 ①His parents died,leaving him an orphan(使他成為一名孤兒). ②He hurried to the station,only to find the bus had left(發(fā)現(xiàn)車已經(jīng)走了). ③By 1820 the population of New York had grown to about 125,000,making it the largest city in the USA(使它成為美國最大的城市). ④The man lifted the stone,only to drop it on his own foot(結(jié)果掉在了自己腳上).,,,,,,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,回扣教材,句式精解,5.if so結(jié)構(gòu),Ⅰ,Ⅱ,回扣教材,句式精解,即境活用完成句子 ①If so,please respond to me as quickly as possible. 如果是這樣的話,請盡快給我回信。 ②If possible,call to find out about the company dress code before the interview. 如有可能,面試之前打電話找出該公司的衣著規(guī)范。 ③If you agree,so;if not,so. 如果你同意,就這樣;如果你不同意,也這樣。,,,,