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Unit 2 Poems 第四學時 Grammar,虛擬語氣在主從復合句中的用法,1．虛擬語氣在主語從句中的用法 (1)在It is important(strange，natural，necessary) that.句型里，that所引導的主語從句中的謂語動詞常用(should)＋動詞原形。 It is important that every member (should) know these rules. 重要的是每個成員都(必須)知道這些規(guī)則。,It is necessary that he (should)_be sent there at once. 有必要馬上派他到那里去。 It is very strange that she (should)_have left without saying goodbye. 她不辭而別，真讓人奇怪。 (2)It is demanded/required/suggested.＋thatclause，從句謂語用“should＋動詞原形”。,It is decided (has been decided) that the meeting (should) be postponed(延期)till tomorrow. It was required that each student (should)_bring enough food on the trip.,2．虛擬語氣在賓語從句中的用法,在suggest(建議)，propose(建議)，demand(要求/需要), request(要求/請求)，desire(請求/期望)，order(命令)，command(命令)，insist(堅持)等動詞后的賓語從句中，謂語動詞用“( should )＋動詞原形”，表建議、要求、命令。 Professor Wang suggested that we (should)not overuse our eyes and take more outdoor activities. 王教授建議我們不要過度用眼及多參加室外活動。,提示：wish＋賓語從句：表示不能實現(xiàn)的愿望或美好的愿望，表示“但愿……；……就好了；可惜……；……多好”。 (1)表示現(xiàn)在不能實現(xiàn)的愿望，從句的謂語動詞用過去式，表虛擬語氣。 I wish (that) I were_young again. 要是我能返老還童就好了。 How I wish I were ten years younger. 我多么希望自己能年輕10歲。,(2)表示過去不能實現(xiàn)的愿望，從句的謂語動詞用had done/would (could)＋have done。 We wish we had_arrived there two hours earlier. 我們要是早兩個小時到達那兒就好了。 I wish I had_met him yesterday. 真希望昨天遇見他。 (3)表示將來不能實現(xiàn)的愿望，從句的謂語動詞用would (could)＋動詞原形/were to＋動詞原形。,I wish I could_fly to the moon one day. 但愿將來某一天我能飛上月球。 I wish it should_be fine tomorrow. 我希望明天是晴天。,3．虛擬語氣在同位語從句中的用法 demand，suggestion，proposal等名詞帶有同位語從句時，其謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣，即 (should)＋動詞原形。 The suggestion that_the_plan_(should)_be_delayed(延遲) will be discussed tomorrow. 推遲那項計劃的建議將在明天討論。,4．虛擬語氣在狀語從句中的用法 由as if或as though引導的狀語從句表示比較或方式。 He treats me as if I were a stranger. 他把我當陌生人。 She talked about the film as if she had_really_seen it. 她談論那部電影的神情就好像她真的看過一樣。,結(jié)論：表示與現(xiàn)在相反的情況，從句謂語形式為動詞的過去式(be用were); 表示與過去相反的情況，從句中的謂語動詞用“had＋過去分詞”。,5．虛擬語氣在表語從句中的用法 My demand is that you should_get_up at six. 我的要求是你應六點起床。 His order is that all of us should_get there before 5 oclock. 他的命令是我們大家五點前到達那里。,6．在in order that或 so that引導的目的狀語從句中，謂語動詞多用could/might/should＋動詞原形 Mr.Green spoke slowly so that his students could/might_hear clearly. 為了讓學生聽明白，格林先生說得很慢。,7．在in case，for fear (that)，lest (以免，萬一) 等引導的從句中，謂語動詞用should＋動詞原形 She took her raincoat with her in case/for fear that/lest she should_be_caught in the rain. 她帶上雨傘以免淋雨。 Remind me of it in case I should_forget. 記得提醒我，以防我忘記了。,8．在帶有even if/even though引導的讓步狀語從句中的用法 Even if Lin Tao were here，I should_say the same thing. 即使林濤在這兒，我也會這樣說。 Even though he had_been ill，he would_have_gone to his office. 即使病了，他仍會去上班。,9．虛擬語氣在定語從句中的用法 It is (about/high) time＋主語＋過去式/should＋動詞原形。 It is (about)time our team won. 我們隊該贏了。 It is high time that we had a party. 我們該舉行晚會了。,10．虛擬語氣其他常見句式 (1) If only (要是……就好了)的用法。 表現(xiàn)在的強烈愿望：動詞用過去式； 表過去的強烈愿望：動詞用過去完成時； 表將來的強烈愿望：動詞用would/could＋動詞原形。 If only I could learn English well in one day.(現(xiàn)在) 要是我一天能學會英語就好了！,If only I had_not_been late for the interview that day！(過去) 那天面試我要是沒遲到該多好啊！ If only he would_reply.(將來) 他如能回復該多好！ (2)would rather(寧愿，寧可)后接從句，動詞用虛擬語氣。,表與現(xiàn)在事實相反的愿望：動詞用過去式； 表與過去事實相反的愿望：動詞用過去完成時。 I would rather she were not present. 我寧可她不在場。(事實上她在場，現(xiàn)在前提) I would rather he had_told me the truth. 我寧可他告訴我事實真相。(事實上他沒告訴我真相，過去前提),11．在其他句型中的用法 (1)Without air，there would_be no living things. 沒有空氣，就沒有生命。 (2)But for your help，I could_not_have_done it. 要不是你幫忙，我做不好這件事。 (3)May you succeed! 祝你成功！,(4)Long live the Chinese Communist Party. 中國共產(chǎn)黨萬歲！ (5)Be careful when crossing the street，otherwise/or you would be hurt. 過馬路時要小心，否則你可能會受傷的。,