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1、單擊此處編輯母版標題樣式,單擊此處編輯母版文本樣式,第二級,第三級,第四級,第五級,單擊此處編輯母版標題樣式,單擊此處編輯母版文本樣式,第二級,第三級,第四級,第五級,單擊此處編輯母版標題樣式,單擊此處編輯母版文本樣式,第二級,第三級,第四級,第五級,單擊此處編輯母版標題樣式,單擊此處編輯母版文本樣式,第二級,第三級,第四級,第五級,單擊此處編輯母版標題樣式,單擊此處編輯母版文本樣式,第二級,第三級,第四級,第五級,Grammar,Ellipsis,在英語中，為了避免重復而省去某些重復的部分，這種現(xiàn)象叫,省略,。如：,Beg you pardon.,Sounds like a good ide

2、a.,（,I,）,Beg you pardon.,(It),Sounds like a good idea.,定義,I.,簡單句中的省略,1、省略主語,:,祈使句中主語通常省略；其它省略主語多限于少數(shù)現(xiàn)成的說法。,(1),(,I),Thank you for your help.,(2),(I),See you tomorrow.,(3),(It),Doesnt matter.,(4),(I),Beg your pardon.,I.,簡單句中的省略,2、省略主謂或主謂語的一部分,(1),(,There is),No smoking.,(2),(Is there),Anything wrong?

3、,(3),(Will you),Have a smoke?,(4)What/How,(do you think),about a cup of tea?,(5)Why,(do you),not say hello to him?,I.,簡單句中的省略,3,、省略表語,(1),Are you thirsty?-Yes,I am,(thirsty).,(2)His brother isnt lazy,nor is his sister,(lazy).,4,、同時省略幾個成分,(1),Lets meet at the same place as,(we met),yesterday.,(2)-Hav

4、e you finished your work?,-,(I have),Not,(finished my work),yet.,II.,主從復合句中的省略,1、主從句中有一些成分被省略,(1),(,Im),Sorry to hear that you are ill.,(2),(Its a),Pity that he missed such a good chance.,（,3,）,The sooner,(you do it),the better,(it will be).,Are you leaving for Beijing this Sunday?,I think so.,so,I,

5、m leaving for Beijing this Sunday.,Tom must be free today.,If so,he can help us.,so,he is free.,2、,not/so,常用來替代從句。,(1),Is he coming back tonight?-I think,so,.,(2)She must be busy now?-If,so,she cant go with us.,(3)Is she feeling better?-Im afraid,not,.,(4)Do you think he will attend the meeting?-I g

6、uess,not,.,so,常用于替代,_,形式的從句，而,not,常用來替代,_,形式的從句。常見的動詞有：,_ _,等,及,_,。,這種用法常見的還有：,肯定,否定,think/believe/suppose/expect/imagine/guess/hope/fear,；,say/speak/do,Im afraid,How so?Why so?,Why not?Is that so?,III.,并列句中的省略,兩個并列句中，后一個分句常省略與前一分句中相同的部分。,(1),My father is a doctor and my mother,(is),a nurse.,(2)I st

7、udy at college and my sister,(studies),at high school.,(3)When summer comes,the day is getting longer and longer,and the night,(is getting),shorter and shorter.,IV,其他從句的省略,1,.,賓語從句中常省略連詞,that,，,但也有不能省略的情況。,I think(that)it will clear up this afternoon and that they will come to say goodbye to us.,2.,

8、在定語從句中,，,that/which/whom/who,在從句中作賓語時,可省略.,Here is the man(whom/that/who)you,ve been looking for.,When asked what he had done,John just kept silent.,When he was asked what he had done,John just kept silent.,he,If,he,is free,Jack will go with us.,he was,If free,Jack will go with us.,he is,3,、在某些狀語從句中

9、，從句的主語與主句的主語一致時，可省去,“,主語+,be,”,部分,IV,其他從句的省略,When,(he was),still a boy of 10,he had to work day and night.,She tried her best though,(she was),rather poor in health.,If,(you are),asked you may come in.,If,(it is),necessary Ill explain to you again.,More examples:,V,不定式的省略,1.,省略作賓語的不定式短語，只保留,to，,但如果不

10、定式,to,后是,be/,完成時態(tài),/have been,，則須保留,be/have/have been:,(1),Are you going there?-Yes,Id like to,(go there).,(2)He didnt give me the chance,though he had promised to,(give me the chance).,(3)Are you an engineer?-No,but I want,to be.,(4)He hasnt finished the task yet.-Well,he ought,to have,.,V,不定式的省略,2.

11、,不定式符號,to,的其他省略情形,并列的不定式可省去后面的,to.,I told him to sit down,and,wait for,a moment.,(2)help,當“幫助”講時，后面的賓語或賓補的不定式符號,to,可帶可不帶.,I will help,(to),do it for you.,I will help you,(to),do it.,V,不定式的省略,2.,不定式符號,to,的其他省略情形,（3）,介詞,but/except,前若有實意動詞,do,后面的不定式不帶,to.,如：,The boy,did,nothing,but play,.,The mother co

12、uld,do,nothing,but wait,for the doctor to come.,He had no choice,but to wait,.,二,“,聽,”,:,(4),使役動詞及感官動詞后面作賓語補足語的不,定式一定要省去,to,但在被動語態(tài)中須將,to,復原。,I noticed a man to enter the classroom when I passed by.,A man was noticed to enter the classroom.,to,X,這類使役動詞及感官動詞主要有,一,“,感,”,:,三,“讓”,:,五,“,看,”,:,feel,hear,li

13、sten to,have,make,let,watch,notice,observe,see,look at,V,不定式的省略,V,不定式的省略,(5),主語從句中有動詞,do,后面作表語的不定式的,to,可帶可不帶。,All we can,do,now is,(to)wait,.,The only thing you have to,do,is,(to)press,the button.,VI.if,虛擬條件從句中的省略,連詞,if,在部分虛擬條件句中可省略，但后面的語序有變化。,Had they had time,they would certainly have come and hel

14、ped us.,(2),Were I you,I would do the work better.,(3）,Should there be a flood,what should we do?,Practice,Exercises about Ellipsis.,Discovering useful structures,3.,Rewrite these sentences by taking out the unnecessary parts.,The burn that she got from the iron was red and it was very painful.,(_),

15、P37,(_),2.A boy was on the left side of the sick,woman,and a girl was on the right,side of the sick woman.,3.She has a daughter who is in hospital.,4.He went to the doctor because he had to,go to the doctor.,(_),(_),(_),5.Did she pass the first aid test that she,did yesterday or didnt she pass?,or n

16、ot.,(_),6.She could not decided whether to send,him to hospital or not to send him to,hospital.,7.When your nose is bleeding,you should,bend forward so that the blood runs out,of your nose and the blood doesnt run,down your throat.,8.Only some of the students have done a,first aid course but most of the students,havent done a first aid course.,not,These sentences are correct.However,one or more words have been left out.Can you tell your partner which words are missing?,1),The cottage surrounded