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1、單擊此處編輯母版標(biāo)題樣式,單擊此處編輯母版文本樣式,第二級(jí),第三級(jí),第四級(jí),第五級(jí),*,*,Grammar,1 Read the following story,and pay attention to the types of sentences of coloured parts.,Once an America was in an Africa village.,He got on a bus and the driver held out a yellow ticket to him.,“Youd better buy a yellow ticket,”said the driver.

2、“Its one dollar.,I have two other kinds.The red one is fifty cents and the green one is ten cents.”,“Green,please,”said the man,Grammar,The bus started.,When it was,growing dark,the bus began to go up a hill.,Suddenly it stopped.“Yellow ticket passengers,”,the driver shouted,“stay in the bus,please.

3、,The passengers who bought the red,tickets,get out and walk.,If you bought the green,tickets,get out,shut the door,and push the bus!”,Grammar,2 Types of sentence,Types,Simple,Compound,Complex,Grammar,Simple sentence,(,簡(jiǎn)單句,),只有一個(gè)主謂結(jié)構(gòu)的獨(dú)立句子叫做簡(jiǎn)單句。句子可能有兩個(gè)或更多主語(yǔ)，也可能有兩個(gè)或更多的謂語(yǔ)。,China and Chinese people are p

4、rogressing in many fields.,（兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)，一個(gè)謂語(yǔ)）,Computers mean a lot to human beings and are used by more and more people.,(,兩個(gè)謂語(yǔ)，一個(gè)主語(yǔ),),Grammar,Compound sentence,(,并列句,),并列句是由并列連詞（,and,but,or,so,等）連接的兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的簡(jiǎn)單句組成的句子結(jié)構(gòu)。并列句由獨(dú)立的句子組成，因而它所包含的簡(jiǎn)單句子在語(yǔ)法地位上是平等的，彼此間不存在任何從屬關(guān)系。但，邏輯上有一定程度內(nèi)在聯(lián)系。,并列連詞,表轉(zhuǎn)折：,but,however,neve

5、rtheless,yet,等,表并列：,and,or,either or,neither/nor,not only but also,bothand,as well as,等,He works hard,but,he still can not make enough money.,Do it this way,or,youll be in trouble.,Either,you tell him the truth,or,Ill do it.,Grammar,Complex Sentence,(,復(fù)合句,),復(fù)合句（主從復(fù)合句）是由一個(gè)主句加上一個(gè)或多個(gè)從句組成，主句和從句在句子中的語(yǔ)法地位

6、不平等。主句在句子中占主導(dǎo)地位，可以獨(dú)立存在；從句屬于從屬地位，不能獨(dú)立存在，依附主句，因而，兩者不可換位。,1,、主語(yǔ)從句：,主語(yǔ)從句是句子的主語(yǔ)為一個(gè)從句,，而不是一個(gè)名詞結(jié)構(gòu)。,Eg:,Whether he comes or not doesnt make any difference to me.,Whether well make a loan for the project has not been decided.,_,_,句子的主語(yǔ)為從句,V,s,2.,表語(yǔ)從句：表語(yǔ)從句即從句作為主句的表語(yǔ)。表語(yǔ)從句一般位于主句的系動(dòng)詞之后。,Grammar,China is not what

7、 it used to be.,What he needs is to practice more.,v,P,從句（而不再是單詞）充當(dāng)主句的表語(yǔ),Grammar,3.,賓語(yǔ)從句：即從句充當(dāng)主句的賓語(yǔ)。,I have no idea about whether I can save enough money to buy a car.,We disagree with what she said at the meeting.,Nobody knows who stole the money.,O,從句充當(dāng)了主句的賓語(yǔ),Grammar,4.,同位語(yǔ)從句：即主句中某一名詞結(jié)構(gòu)的同位語(yǔ)不是一個(gè)名詞，

8、而是一個(gè)從句。同位語(yǔ)從句用于說(shuō)明前面名詞的內(nèi)容。,We were surprised at the fact that ocean ships can sail up the river.,Ive received my doctors message that he wont be able to see me this afternoon.,說(shuō)明,說(shuō)明,同位語(yǔ)從句前常是這樣一些名詞：,conclusion,evidence,discovery,fact,news,problem,question,hope,等,Grammar,5.,定語(yǔ)從句：與絕大多數(shù)名詞性從句（上述的主、賓、表、同從句）

9、不同，定語(yǔ)從句在結(jié)構(gòu)上是不完整的，如果去掉關(guān)系代詞，則從句缺主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或者定語(yǔ)。,定語(yǔ)從句中常見(jiàn)的關(guān)系代詞有：,who,whom,which,whose,that,as,等。它們不僅引導(dǎo)從句，還在從句中起代詞的作用。,It is a lesson that I will never forget.,Do you know the girl who is playing the piano?,在從句中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ),在從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ),Grammar,6.,狀語(yǔ)從句：從句作句子的狀語(yǔ)，修飾動(dòng)詞。,狀語(yǔ)從句,時(shí)間狀從：,when,as,while,before,after,etc.,地點(diǎn)狀從,:where

10、ver,where,原因狀從,:because,as,since,in that,considering that,etc.,目的狀從,:so that,in order that,lest,for fear that,etc.,結(jié)果狀從,:so that,so that,such that,such that,etc.,方式狀從,:as,as if.Though,what,etc.,讓補(bǔ)狀從,:though,although,as,even if,however,whatever,etc.,辨析,Grammar,Task:Group the sentences in the text.(,將

11、文中的句子分類,),Simple sentence,(,簡(jiǎn)單句,):eg,：,1.Once an America was in an Africa village.,2.Suddenly it stopped.,Find more!,Grammar,Compound sentence,(,并列句,):eg,：,1 The red one is fifty cents and the green one is ten cents.,2 He got on a bus and the driver held out a yellow ticket to him.,Find more!,Gramma

12、r,Complex sentence,(,復(fù)合句,):eg,：,1 When it was growing dark,the bus began to go up a hill.,時(shí)間狀從,Find more!,Grammar,Activity one:Finding the rule,1 Decide the types of the following sentences.,Simple sentence,Compound sentence,6,7=Complex sentence,Grammar,2 Complete the chart,paying attention to the c

13、oloured parts.,Grammar,2 Complete the chart,paying attention to the coloured parts.,Grammar,Activity two:Applying the rule,1 Read the following sentences from Reading of Unit 1,and decide their types of sentences.,Grammar,Grammar,2 Find the words in the sentences in task 1 which help to link the ide

14、as.Then use them to complete the chart.,Grammar,3 Complete each of the following sentences with an adverbial clause.,Tips:there are different kinds of adverbial clauses.,Grammar,4 Look at the pictures and Complete the following story with the compound and complex sentences.,Grammar,Complete the following story with the compound and complex sentences.,Grammar,5 Talk about one of your good friends with your partner,and then write a short passage about him/her.,