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1、單擊此處編輯母版標(biāo)題樣式,單擊此處編輯母版文本樣式,第二級(jí),第三級(jí),第四級(jí),第五級(jí),*,涉外合同的翻譯The Translation of Foreign Contracts,涉外合同簡(jiǎn)介,Brief Introduction to Foreign Contracts,合同是自然人和法人之間訂立的規(guī)定雙方互相權(quán)利和義務(wù)的書(shū)面協(xié)議。由于這種協(xié)議主要用于經(jīng)濟(jì)領(lǐng)域,所以又叫經(jīng)濟(jì)合同。它依法成立,受國(guó)家法律保護(hù)和管轄,對(duì)簽約雙方均有法律約束。涉外合同(foreign contracts),亦稱涉外協(xié)議(foreign agreements),是中國(guó)法人或其他經(jīng)濟(jì)組織同外國(guó)企業(yè)、經(jīng)濟(jì)組織或個(gè)人之間為實(shí)施
2、特定目的、確定相互的權(quán)利義務(wù)關(guān)系所達(dá)成的協(xié)議。涉外合同是一種常用的對(duì)外文書(shū)(即國(guó)家機(jī)關(guān)、地方政府、軍隊(duì)、人民團(tuán)體及其領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人和官員在外事活動(dòng)中形成的書(shū)面文件)。,涉外合同的翻譯The Translation of For,1,涉外合同翻譯分析Translation Analysis,涉外合同是一種具有法律效力的對(duì)外文書(shū),對(duì)簽約當(dāng)事人都有約束力,因此,正確無(wú)誤的翻譯至關(guān)重要。本章的涉外合同翻譯范例表明:合同語(yǔ)言具有內(nèi)容上的針對(duì)性,格式上的規(guī)范性,句式結(jié)構(gòu)的復(fù)雜性,指稱上的間接性,措辭上的法律性等特點(diǎn)。涉外合同屬于“信息型”文本(informative texts)。“信息型”文本,亦稱“它”或“描
3、述型”文本,在理解、翻譯合同的過(guò)程中,應(yīng)以“合法”(legality)為前提,以”求信“(faithfulness)為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。針對(duì)涉外合同的特點(diǎn),以下從五個(gè)方面來(lái)介紹涉外合同的譯法:,涉外合同翻譯分析Translation Analysis,2,常用詞匯和表達(dá)方式的譯法,法律用詞shall和should 的譯法,英語(yǔ)舊體詞的譯法,大小寫(xiě)字母的運(yùn)用,條件句式的譯法,孔秋芬,常用詞匯和表達(dá)方式的譯法,3,涉外合同翻譯技巧,一涉外合同常用詞匯與表達(dá)方式的翻譯技巧(Translation Techniques of Common Glossary and Expressions in Foreign C
4、ontracts),中英文合同中常常使用大量的合同專用詞匯,甚至使用正式,法律用詞。這類詞匯的使用,使合同語(yǔ)言莊重嚴(yán)肅,具有法律文體的風(fēng)格。因此,在合同翻譯中必須堅(jiān)持“求信”的標(biāo)準(zhǔn),注意合同專用詞匯的譯法。,黃鑫,涉外合同翻譯技巧 黃鑫,4,(一)涉外合同常用詞匯在合同“條款”標(biāo)題中的運(yùn)用于翻譯。,(一)涉外合同常用詞匯在合同“條款”標(biāo)題中的運(yùn)用于翻譯。,5,(二)在具體內(nèi)容中的應(yīng)用與翻譯,1.Party A has the right to,cancel the contract with a written notice,to Party B under the following con
5、ditions:,聘方在下述條件下,有權(quán),以書(shū)面形式,通知受聘方,解除合同,:,2.Party Bs monthly salary will be 5,000,yuan,RMB,70%of which can be,converted,into foreign currency monthly.,Convert,為正式用詞,意為“,兌換,(外匯、證券-),把-折合,對(duì)-換算”。,受聘方的月薪為5000元,其中70%可按月,兌換,外匯。,3.Party B does not,fulfill the contract,or does not,fulfill the contract,obligat
6、ions according to the,terms stipulated,and has failed to,amend,after Party A has pointed it out.,受聘方不履行合同或者,履行合同,義務(wù)不符合,約定條件,,經(jīng)聘方指出后,仍不,改正,的。,4.When,either side,of the two parties fails to fulfill the contract or fails to fulfill the contract obligations according to the terms stipulated,that is,brea
7、ks the contract,it must pay a breach penalty of US$500 to 2,000(or equivalent in RMB),當(dāng)事人,有一方不履行合同或者履行合同義務(wù)不符合約定條件,即違反合同時(shí),應(yīng)當(dāng)向另一方支付500-2000美元(或相當(dāng)數(shù)額的人民幣)的違約金。,(二)在具體內(nèi)容中的應(yīng)用與翻譯,6,5.This contract,takes effect,on the date signed by both parties and will automatically,expire,when the contract ends.,本合同自雙方簽字
8、之日起,生效,,合同期滿即自動(dòng),失效,。,6.Part B shall,bear all the expenses,incurred when staying on,after the contract expires,.,受聘方,合同期滿后,,在華逗留期間的一切,費(fèi)用自理,。,7.The two parties shall,consult with each other and mediate any disputes,which may arise about the contract.,當(dāng)事人雙方發(fā)生合同糾紛時(shí),盡可能通過(guò),協(xié)商或調(diào)解解決,。,8.If all attempts fail
9、,the two parties can,appeal to the organization of arbitration,for foreign experts in the State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs and ask for a final arbitration.,若協(xié)商、調(diào)解無(wú)效,可,向,國(guó)家外國(guó)專家局設(shè)立的外國(guó)文教專家事務(wù),仲裁機(jī)構(gòu)申請(qǐng)仲裁,。,5.This contract takes effect o,7,(三)涉外合同中的其它常用詞匯與表達(dá)方式,Advice,通知,Advice of charge付款通知,A
10、dvice/notice of claims索賠通知,Agreement and contract,協(xié)議與合同,Contract for joint ventures using Chinese and foreign investment,中外合資企業(yè)合同,Contract for service/contract of manpower supply,勞務(wù)合同,arbitrationbtre()n 公斷,仲裁,Arbitration authority/agency/institution/body/organization仲裁機(jī)構(gòu),Arbitration clause仲裁條款,Asset
11、 and found,資金與資產(chǎn),Fixed/permanent assets,固定資產(chǎn)/資金,Quick assets,流動(dòng)資產(chǎn)/金,Revolving fund,周轉(zhuǎn)資金,(三)涉外合同中的其它常用詞匯與表達(dá)方式,8,Packing 包裝,Non-returnable container 一次性包裝,Usual packing 慣常包裝,Payment(付款),Advance payment 提前支付 預(yù)付,Cash payment 現(xiàn)金支付,Installment payment 分期支付,Service fee 手續(xù)費(fèi),Surcharge for overdue tax payment
12、 滯納金,Inspection 檢驗(yàn),Notarial deed 公證證書(shū),Sanitary inspection certificate 衛(wèi)生檢驗(yàn)證書(shū),Letter of credit信用證,Bank credit 銀行信用證,Accountee 開(kāi)證人,Invoice 發(fā)票,definite/official invoice正式發(fā)票 Duplicate invoice/invoice duplicate發(fā)票副本,Packing 包裝,9,Bills of lading提貨單,Consignment bill of lading托運(yùn)單,Written confirmation書(shū)面憑證,Del
13、ivery交貨 Cash on delivery貨到付款 Delivery advice到貨通知書(shū),Delivery port到貨港 Intermediate port中轉(zhuǎn)港 Favorable price優(yōu)惠價(jià),Retail price零售價(jià)格 Wholesale price批發(fā),Packed/gross weight 毛重 Net weight 凈重,Arrange/cover/effect/provide/take out insurance on投保,Patent license專利許可證,Transfer of account轉(zhuǎn)賬 Depreciation 折舊 Official h
14、olidays法定假期,Execute 實(shí)行;執(zhí)行;簽字,Interim 臨時(shí),Normal procedure 正常手續(xù),Repatriate 遣返,Work-related injury因工負(fù)傷,黃鑫,Bills of lading提貨單黃鑫,10,(2)法律用詞shall和should的翻譯技巧(Translation Techniques of“Shall”and“Should”in a Legal Sense),在英語(yǔ)合同中,shall和should是法律文件用語(yǔ),常含有“,必須,”的強(qiáng)制意義,表示“,以下于法律范圍,”,是“,應(yīng)當(dāng)承擔(dān)的責(zé)任和義務(wù),”。shall和should在合同
15、中隨處可見(jiàn),屬于合同中使用 頻率最高的詞匯。shall和should的譯法有多種,根據(jù)原文的內(nèi)容可譯為“,應(yīng)/應(yīng)當(dāng),”、“,必須,”、“,可以,”、“,將,”,或者不譯出來(lái)。例如:,孔秋芬,(2)法律用詞shall和should的翻譯技巧(Trans,11,Both parties,should,abide by the contract and,should,refrain from revising,canceling,or terminating the contract without mutual consent.,雙方,應(yīng),信守合同,未經(jīng)雙方一致同意,任何一方不得擅自更改、,解除和
16、終止合同。,注:,此處主要采用了語(yǔ)義翻譯法,同時(shí)也使 用了交際翻譯法,如,把第一個(gè)should 譯為“應(yīng)”,第二個(gè)should 與refrain from doing sth.搭配使用,譯為“不得.”,這樣符合漢語(yǔ)讀者的閱讀習(xí)慣。,Both parties should ab,12,If Party B asks to cancel the contract due to events beyond control,it,should,pruduce certifications by the department concerned,obtain Party As consent,and pay its own return expenses;if Party B cancels the contract without valid reason,it,should,pay its own return expenses and pay a breach penalty to Party A.受聘方因不可抗拒力事件要求解除合同,須出具有關(guān)機(jī)構(gòu)證明,經(jīng)聘方同意后,離華的費(fèi)用自理;受聘方