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2019-2020年高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) 專題12 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 Ⅰ.語(yǔ)法單句填空 1．Even on a cold day he prefers ________(go) out to play football rather than________ stay) at home. 答案：to go；stay　句意為：甚至在大冷天，他也喜歡出去踢足球而不是呆在家里。prefer to do...rather than do...為固定短語(yǔ)，意為“寧愿做……而不愿做……”。 2．Apple now gets about 11% of its ine from China，________(pare) with 1.1% in xx. 答案：pared　句意為：蘋果公司現(xiàn)在收入的11%是從中國(guó)市場(chǎng)獲得的，而xx年僅有1.1%。pared with 1.1% in xx相當(dāng)于定語(yǔ)從句which is pared with 1.1% in xx的省略形式。 3．Every afternoon a group of old women pass down the road outside my house, each________(carry) a load of firewood. 答案：carrying　句意為：每天下午一幫老太太從我家門外經(jīng)過，每人都背著很多柴。此題考查獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。each與carry在邏輯上是主謂關(guān)系，在句中作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。 4．________(gain) necessary experience for my future career, I take an active part in social activities in college. 答案：To gain　句意為：為了給未來的職業(yè)積累必要的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，我在大學(xué)積極參加社會(huì)活動(dòng)。不定式短語(yǔ)在句中作目的狀語(yǔ)。 5．He had never expected there ________(be) a woman calling herself his mother on his 20th birthday. 答案：to be　句意為：他從來沒有想到在他20歲生日時(shí)會(huì)出現(xiàn)一個(gè)女人自稱是他的媽媽。動(dòng)詞expect后常接不定式或不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。此處是expect to do sth.和there be非謂語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)的結(jié)合。 6．The scientist spent years alone in the forest, ________(survive) by eating wild fruit and small animals. 答案：surviving　句意為：那位科學(xué)家在森林里獨(dú)自度過了幾年時(shí)間，靠吃野果和小動(dòng)物活了下來。the scientist與survive是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作與非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，因此用現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。 7．________(determine) to carry out the plan in time, they will make careful preparations. 答案：Determined　句意為：因?yàn)闆Q心要按時(shí)實(shí)施計(jì)劃，他們將作充分的準(zhǔn)備工作。determined表示被動(dòng)和完成，強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)。 8．—Can those ________(seat) at the back of the classroom hear me? —No problem, sir! 答案：seated　句意為：——那些坐在教室后面的人能聽到我的話嗎？——沒問題，先生。動(dòng)詞seat用法如下：be seated；seat oneself。作定語(yǔ)時(shí)用現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)seating oneself或過去分詞seated。 9．________(plete) all the homework assigned by the school the students have to work at it till midnight. 答案：To plete　句意為：為了完成學(xué)校布置的所有作業(yè)，學(xué)生們不得不努力學(xué)習(xí)到午夜時(shí)分。不定式短語(yǔ)作目的狀語(yǔ)。 10．—How is the man injured in the accident? —The doctor said if ________(treat) in a proper way, he was likely to be saved. 答案：treated　句意為：——那個(gè)在事故中受傷的人怎么樣了？——醫(yī)生說如果治療得當(dāng)有可能獲救。 if treated相當(dāng)于if he was treated省略形式。 11．Lucys cellphone was left in a taxi accidentally, never ________(find) again. 答案：to be found　句意為：露西的手機(jī)不小心落在出租車上，再也沒有找回來。Lusys cellphone和find在邏輯上是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，且“找”是在“落在出租車上”之后，因此用不定式的被動(dòng)式。 12．XiamenShenzhen High Speed Railway opened to traffic on Dec. 28th last year，________(link) the two of Chinas economic zones. 答案：linking　句意為：廈門至深圳高鐵于去年12月28日開放通車，連接了中國(guó)的兩個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)特區(qū)。high speed railway與非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞。 13．________ finished the painting intended to be a gift for her girlfriend, he had a deep sigh of relief. 答案：Having　句意為：完成了那幅準(zhǔn)備送給他女朋友的畫之后，他終于松了口氣。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前，因此用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式。 14．________(locate) at the golden belt of Yangtze River Delta, Maanshan is the National Garden City ________ wonderful landscape appeals to many visitors every year. 答案：Located; whose　句意為：坐落于長(zhǎng)江三角洲這一黃金地帶的馬鞍山是一座國(guó)家級(jí)花園城市，它優(yōu)美的風(fēng)景每年都吸引很多游客前來。locate意為“位于”，與主語(yǔ)Maanshan構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作狀語(yǔ)。whose意為“……的”，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句并在句中充當(dāng)定語(yǔ)。 15．—Whenever I e to visit, he is always watching TV. —Youre really observant. He cant help ________(watch) some TV during meals or before bed. 答案：watching　句意為：——無論我什么時(shí)候來，他總是在看電視?！阏嫔朴谟^察，他吃飯時(shí)或睡覺之前都必須要看會(huì)兒電視。cant help doing sth.為固定搭配，意為“禁不住做某事/不得不做某事”。 Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò) 1．I was about to enter the building when I saw a girl lie beside the dustbin. 2．I gave to him some food and a bath. 3．Apart from kept a young boy entertained, she taught me a good lesson. 4．Some classmates raised their cameras to capture the excited moments. 5．I should spend more time help my mom with the housework. 6．She has been arguing with me about me not e home. 7．I want to hold a party for you, hope that you can remember the time we spent together. 8．Such bad behaviours are out of place in our civilizing society. 9．We are looking forward to your e to our school. 10．Its diffiuclt to understanding why he barks in the morning. 答案：1.lie改為lying　2.去掉to　3.kept改為keeping 4．excited改為exciting　5.help改為helping　6e改為ing　7.hope改為hoping　8.civilizing改為civilized 9．e改為ing　10.understanding改為understand