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閱讀理解的常見題型設(shè)置及解題技巧 在小學(xué)階段，閱讀理解題型靈活多樣，但主要有以下題型： 一、讀一讀，然后選一選。 這種題型的特點是在短文后給出若十個不完整的句子或若干個根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容提出的問題，針對每一題都提供三到四個備選的答案，要求同學(xué)們在正確理解短文內(nèi)容的基礎(chǔ)上，從選項中選出一個正確的答案。這類試題的問題一般是緊扣短文內(nèi)容編排的，既會涉及文章中的細(xì)節(jié)內(nèi)容，如文中出現(xiàn)的人物、時間、地點、事件的前因后果等；也會涉及文章中某個詞或某個句子的含義以及文章的主旨、大意和標(biāo)題等。 The big day comes at last! Mrs Jones third grade students are waiting quietly for her to come into the classroom. Today Amy brings some cakes, Joy brings some napkins, Carlos brings some soda water and Kate brings some cups. Everyone wants the party to he a surprise. Mrs Jones doesnt know the children have known today is her birthday. When she comes into the classroom, the children shout,“Happy birthday, Mrs Jones!”And then the children get a surprise,too. Mrs Jones brings everyone a party hat and an ice cream! 閱讀短文，選擇最佳答案。 ( ) 1. Mrs Jones grade students are waiting for her. A. three B.third C.No.3 D.the third ( )2. Carlos brings some _____ ． A. cola B.napkins C.soda water D.cups ( )3．_____ brings some cakes. A. Amy B.Carlos C.Joey D.Kate 分析 題1短文的第二句話告訴我們是瓊斯老師的三年級的學(xué)生們正靜靜地等候她的到來。在年級前面應(yīng)該用序數(shù)詞來表示，如果是在年級后面就應(yīng)該用基數(shù)詞表示。如：the third grade,=Grade Three.同時因為前面有定語Mrs Jones，所以這里也應(yīng)該不要the。 題2.3 短文介紹了幾個同學(xué)分別帶了一些東西?？逅箮Я藄oda water（汽水），艾米帶了蛋糕。 正確答案：1.B 2.C 3. A 二、讀一讀，然后判斷句子正誤。 該題型的特點是在短文后給出若干個句子，要求同學(xué)們根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷所給的句子意思是否與原文相符。做這類題應(yīng)該聯(lián)系短文內(nèi)容進(jìn)行發(fā)揮，主要是考查對意思相近或相反的幾個句子進(jìn)行鑒別、判斷，或是變換詞語、句子結(jié)構(gòu)來測試同種意思的不同表達(dá)。 There are some public numbers. Do you know when to use these numbers? 110 is a number for calling policeman when you have meet some illegal things. 119 is a number using for a fire accident. 120 is a number for asking medical help when somebody is serious ill or hurt. Please do not dial these numbers for fun. It is forbidden. 閱讀短文，判斷正(T)誤(F)。 ( )1. When you meet some thieves, you can call 110. ( )2. Somebody is serious ill, you can call 119. ( )3. There is a fire accident in your building, so you can call 119. ( )4.A girl was hurt by a car, you can call 120. 分析 這篇短文是介紹幾個常用電話號碼的用法。讀懂就會判斷句子的正誤了。 題l 意思是當(dāng)你遇到小偷的時候，你應(yīng)該拔打110。110是遇到違法事件時的報警號碼，所以判斷它是正確的。 題2意思是有人得了重病，你應(yīng)該拔打119。1 19是發(fā)生火災(zāi)時的求救號碼，所以判斷它是錯誤的。 題3意思是當(dāng)你的房子發(fā)生了火災(zāi)，你應(yīng)該撥打119?？梢耘袛嗨钦_的， 題4意思是一個女孩被汽車撞了，你應(yīng)該拔打120。120是請求醫(yī)療急救的號碼，應(yīng)該先送她去醫(yī)院+，所以可以判斷它是正確的。 正確答案：1.T 2.F 3.T 4.T 三、讀一讀，然后回答問題。 這種題型要求根據(jù)所提的問題寫出完整、正確的句子。這樣的題目聽起來似乎很難，其實真正做起來卻很簡單?；卮饐栴}時，句子越簡單越好，答案應(yīng)簡潔明了，能用一個詞，就不用兩個詞，只要能說明問題就行。 There are seven days in a week. They are Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday and Saturday. Sunday is the first day of the week. Saturday and Sunday are the weekend. Usually, we have a rest on the weekends. The other five days are weekdays. We usually go to school or work during weekdays. Nobody likes Monday, because we have a good time on Sunday and we dont want to study or work any more. 閱讀短文，然后根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問題。 1. How many days are there in a week? 2. What are they? 3. What is the first day of the week? 4. What is the weekend？ 5. When do we usually go to school? 分析 題1 問一周有幾天。用一個seven就可以回答了。 題2問分別是哪幾天。短文第二句已經(jīng)給我們答案了。 題3記住一周的第一天是星期天而不是星期一。 題4周末是星期六和星期天。 題5 問我們通常什么時候上學(xué)。應(yīng)該是工作日了。 正確答案：1. There are seven. 2. They are Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday and Saturday. 3. Sunday. 4.Saturday and Sunday. 5.During weekdays. 四、讀一讀，然后根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。 該題型的特點是在短文后給出一篇經(jīng)過改寫或縮寫后與原短文意思相同的短文或幾個句子，在短文或句子中均留有若干個空格，要求同學(xué)們在每一個空格處填上一個詞，使短文或句子所表達(dá)的意思與原短文的內(nèi)容一致。 The English people like take-away food. The most popular food is fish and chips. They usually go to a fish and chips shop. They put the food in paper bags, and take it home, or to their work place. At lunch time, many people eat takeaway food in the park. Chinese take-away food is also very popular in England. People in the USA and Australia like Chinese take-away food, too. But the most popular food in the USA is fried chicken. 閱讀短文，然后填空。 1. The most popular food in England is______. 2. They put the food in______ ,and take it home, or to their work place. 3. At lunch time, many people eat______food in the park. 4. Chinese take-away food is also very______ in England. 5. The most popular food in the USA is______． 分析 題l 第二句話告訴我們最受英國人歡迎的食物是魚和薯片。 題2第四句話告訴我們他們把食物裝進(jìn)紙袋里，然后帶回家或工作的地方。 題3短文還告訴我們在午餐的時候，很多人喜歡在公園里吃可攜帶食物。 題4第二段告訴我們中國的可攜帶食物在英國也很受歡迎。 題5最后一句話告訴我們在美國，最受歡迎的食物是炸雞。 正確答案：1．fish and chips 2．paper bags 3．take-away 4．popular 5．fried chicken 五、讀一讀，然后畫一畫。 該題型要求同學(xué)們先讀懂短文，然后根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容畫與短文內(nèi)容相關(guān)的。要注意短文中提到的一些東西要在畫中體現(xiàn)出來。 Aunt Mary is coming, but Toms mother is too busy to pick her up. So she asks Tom to pick aunt Mary up. But Tom did not meet her for a long time. So his mother asks Tom to find as following: She is at the bus station. She is a tall woman with long black hair. She is wearing a green dress, a brown hat and a pair of boots. She is holding a handbag. Can Tom find her aunt? 根據(jù)湯姆的媽媽的描述給瑪麗阿姨畫一幅畫，以便湯姆更容易找到她。 短文的第二段告訴我們瑪麗阿姨的肖像特點是：a tall woman with long black hair（長長的黑頭發(fā)的高個子的婦女），wearing a green dress，a brown hat and a pair of boots（穿著一件綠色的裙子，頭戴一頂棕色的帽子，腳穿一 雙靴子），holding a handbag（拿著一個手提包）。讀懂了這些，就不難畫出 這幅畫了?？刹灰浟送可?！ 總之，英語閱讀理解的解題技巧可以歸納為以下幾點： 1．假如文章很長，題目很少，我們可以采取略讀的方法先簡單讀一遍，然后帶著問題去查閱，這樣相信你一定能找到答案。 2．假如文章很短，而題目義很多的話，我們則應(yīng)該先仔細(xì)閱讀短文，再去做題。遇到想不起來的，可以帶著該問題去查閱有關(guān)細(xì)節(jié)。 3．如果問題要求解答數(shù)字、人名、地名、時間等，可以直接用查閱的方法來尋求答案，也可以先略讀然后再查閱。