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閱讀解題技巧 閱讀理解能力是一個學生英語語言能力的重要體現(xiàn)。小學英語閱讀理解是小學英語的重要教學目標,也是小學英語測試的重要組成部分。把握小學英語閱讀理解的解題技巧,對于解題具有重要的意義。 　　小學英語閱讀理解的題型無外乎這么幾種: (1) 閱讀短文,判斷正誤; (2) 閱讀短文,選擇正確答案; (3) 閱讀短文,回答問題; (4) 任務(wù)型閱讀。 題型雖然較多,但是只要找到了閱讀理解的技巧,解題并不困難。 　　例一: 　　閱讀下列短文,并根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容判斷所給句子是否正確,正確的寫“T”,錯誤的寫“F”。 　　Mrs White has two children. John is seven. Ann is only three. John is a good brother. He is always very nice to his sister. One day in the afternoon, Mrs White was cooking dinner in the kitchen, and the two children were playing games in the garden. Suddenly, Ann began to cry and she ran to her mum in the kitchen. Mrs White asked, “What’s wrong with you, Ann?” “John broke(弄壞了)my toy bear,” Ann answered sadly. “How did he do it?” mum said. Ann stopped crying, and thought for a few seconds, “I hit(打)his head with it.” 　　判斷正誤: ( ) 1. John isn’t a good brother to his sister. ( ) 2. Ann is four years younger than John. ( )3.The two children played some games, and theirmother was busy at home. ( ) 4. John broke Ann’s toy bear. ( ) 5. “sadly” means very happy. 在解答這篇短文的題目中,實際上可以采用下列技巧: 1.排除干擾,抓住關(guān)鍵信息。 　閱讀理解,不能為枝節(jié)信息所左右,要看主要信息。以第1小題為例,盡管短文最后說到了“John broke my toy bear.”,但是短文中的關(guān)鍵詞是“always”,即“He is always very nice to his sister.”,更不用說是Ann先打了John的頭。因此,答案一定是F。 2.適當運算,推導正確答案。 閱讀理解題中,有不少題只要通過正確的運算,就能得出正確答案。以第2小題為例,短文告訴我們“John is seven. Ann is only three.”,因此,John就比Ann大4歲,顯然題干“Ann is four years younger than John.”與事實正好相符,答案自然是T。 3.依據(jù)事實,進行逆向思維。 　閱讀理解題中,有些題目似是而非,關(guān)鍵看我們怎么根據(jù)事實進行分析。以第3小題為例,“and the two children were playing games in the garden”支持題干中的“The two children played some games”。問題的關(guān)鍵是,John和Ann的母親是否是“busy”。短文中“Mrs White was cooking dinner in the kitchen”這句話總不能說Mrs White是在玩吧?因此,通過逆向思維,我們可以判斷Mrs White是busy的。答案就不言自明了。 4.根據(jù)語境,進行邏輯推斷。 　　閱讀理解題中,有些題目很難一眼看出正確答案,尤其是類似任務(wù)型閱讀的題目,第5小題便是如此。如何判斷“sadly”的語義,關(guān)鍵要看我們能否根據(jù)語境進行邏輯推理。一個小女孩的玩具被他人搞壞了,她總不能開心吧?因此,“Ann answered sadly.”中的“sadly”一詞的意思不可能是“開心的”,答案應(yīng)為F。 　　當然,小學英語閱讀理解的解題技巧遠不止如此。我們將在以后的學習中繼續(xù)加以討論。