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2019-2020年高中英語語法專題復(fù)習(xí) 專題十五 it的用法教案 一、考點(diǎn)聚焦 1、it的基本用法 （1）用作人稱代詞，代替前文提到過的事物。 The train has arrived. It arrived half an hour ago. （2）用以代替提示代詞this, that。 —What’s this? —It’s a knife. —Whose watch is that? —It’s mine. （3）起指示代詞的作用，指一個(gè)人或事物。 —Who is knocking at the door? —It’s me. （4）指環(huán)境情況等。 It was very noisy (quiet) at the very moment. （5）指時(shí)間、季節(jié)等。 —What time is it? —It’s eight o’clock. It often rains in summer here. （6）指距離。 It is a long way to the school. （7）作形式主語。 It is not easy to finish the work in two days. It is no use crying over spilt milk. It is as pity that you didn’t read the book. （8）作形式賓語。 I think it no use arguing with him. I found it very interesting to study English. He made it clear that he was not interested in that subject. （9）用于強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)。 It was Xiaoming whom (that) I met in the street last night. It was in the street that I met Xiaoming last night. It ws last night that I met Xiaoming in the street. It was I who met Xiaoming in the street last night. 2、含有“It is …”的句型 （1）It is time (for sb.) to do sth. It is (high) time that sb. did sth.(虛擬語氣) （2）It is + 形容詞（+of / for sb.）+ to do sth. 通常用of的詞有brave、clever、careful、hopeless、kind、good、naughty、nice、silly、stupid、foolish、wise等。 （3）It is + 形容詞 + that + sb. + (should) do sth.（虛擬語氣） 能用于這個(gè)句型的形容詞有strange、wonderful、natural、good、proper、right、wrong、well、fortunate、important、necessary、useless、likely、probable、impossible等。有時(shí)可省去should而直接用動(dòng)詞原形。如： It is important that we should pay close attention to grain. It is natural that he（should）say so. （4）It is no use/ good + doing sth. It is no use trying again = It is of no use to try again. （5）It is + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分 + that/who + … Was it in the street that you met her? Who was it that called him“rade”? It was not until yesterday that I met my old friend. It is in a small factory that my brother is going to work.（注意上述各句均為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的“考點(diǎn)”） 比較：It is a small factory where my brother is going to work.（定語從句） （6）It is said/reported/announced/ (well) known … that… （7）It is/was + 時(shí)間 + since … 從……已多久了。 It is three years since I met him in Beijing. It was a long time since I (had) lived in that small mountain village with these farmers.（注意兩句中的時(shí)態(tài)） It is five months since I arrived in New York.我到紐約已經(jīng)五個(gè)月了。 It is five months since I was in New York.我離開紐約已經(jīng)五個(gè)月了。 （注意：終止性動(dòng)詞表示從動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)算起；如果是狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞或持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，則從動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)結(jié)束時(shí)算起。） （8）It is + 時(shí)間 + before … 這個(gè)句型和上面句型中時(shí)間都是時(shí)間段，如long、years、months、weeks、five days、three hours、twenty minutes等。不過主句的時(shí)態(tài)多用一般將來時(shí)或一般過去時(shí)。 It will be several years before we meet again. 我們要過好幾年才能再見面。 It was not long before they set out for the front. 不久他們就出發(fā)去了前線。 （9）It is /was/will be the first/second/third … time that … It is the first time that I have been here. It was the second time that he had seen the film. （10）It is up to sb. to do sth … 應(yīng)由某人做某事。 It is up to you to decide whether we start or not. 二、精典名題導(dǎo)解 選擇填空 1. _________ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. (NMET 1995) A. There B. This C. That D. It 解析：答案為D。本題考查作形式主語的用法。that引導(dǎo)的從句是真正的主語。為避免頭重腳輕而平衡句子結(jié)構(gòu)，將it置于句首作形式主語。 2. I hope there are enough glasse for each guest to have ________. (NMET 1995) A. it B. those C. them D. one 解析：答案為D。本題考查替代詞it和one的區(qū)別。it用于替代同類的、特定的、同一的事物；one替代同類的、泛指的人或物。根據(jù)題意“我希望有足夠的杯子使每個(gè)客人有一個(gè)?！笨芍獞?yīng)用one泛指enough glasses中的一個(gè)。 3. Was __________ that I saw last night at the concert? A. it you B. not you C. you D. that yourself 解析：答案為A。本題考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的疑問式。只須將句序變?yōu)殛愂鼍浔悴浑y得出答案。 4. It was back home after the experiment. A. not until midnight did he go B. until midnight that he didn’t go C. not until midnight that he went D. until midnight when he didn’t go 解析：答案為C。此題考查的是not…until句型的強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)，其最根本結(jié)構(gòu)是：He did not go back home after the experiment.①,把①轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)镹ot until midnight did he go back home after the experiment.②,注意②中的倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，把②中劃線部分放在強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)It be 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分that…中進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)，但注意that從句后面不用倒裝形式。