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2019-2020年高中英語(yǔ) Module 3 Music Period 4 Grammar導(dǎo)學(xué)案外研版必修2 【使用說(shuō)明】1）用15分鐘完成自主學(xué)習(xí) 2）用15分鐘完成合作探究 3）用紅色筆勾出不會(huì)的題 【學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)】1. 學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句和過(guò)去完成時(shí)的用法 2. 提高學(xué)生自主學(xué)習(xí)能力，讓學(xué)生積極思考，大膽質(zhì)疑。 【自主學(xué)習(xí)】 一、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句 狀語(yǔ)從句在句中做狀語(yǔ)，修飾主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或整個(gè)句子。狀語(yǔ)從句通常由一個(gè)連詞或一個(gè)起連詞作用的詞組引導(dǎo)，可分為時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、目的、結(jié)果、條件、方式、讓步和比較九種。 1. 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞和詞組有：when, while, as, as soon as, the moment, directly, instantly, immediately, until, till, before, after, since, ever since, once, whenever, every time, each time等。 2. 在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般不用將來(lái)時(shí)，而用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)， 用一般過(guò)去時(shí)代替過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)代替將來(lái)完成時(shí)等。 I said I would tell him when he came back. _________________________________________________________________ 3. when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞既可以是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，也可以是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，可用于主句動(dòng)作和從句動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或從句動(dòng)作先于主句動(dòng)作。 When I lived there, I used to go to the seashore on Sundays. __________________________________________________________________ 注意：當(dāng)when引導(dǎo)的從句是系表結(jié)構(gòu)，且主語(yǔ)和主句的主語(yǔ)一致，表語(yǔ)又是一個(gè)名詞時(shí)，可以用as引導(dǎo)的省略句，來(lái)代替when引導(dǎo)的從句。 As a young man (When he was a young man), he was fond of hunting. ________________________________________________________________ 4. when還可用做并列連詞，其意義為“那時(shí)，這時(shí)”，相當(dāng)于and at this/that time。 We were about to start when it began to rain. ______________________________________________________ when還用于下列句式： Somebody was doing something when... Somebody was on the point of doing something when... Somebody had just done something when... 5. while引導(dǎo)的動(dòng)作必須是延續(xù)性的，側(cè)重主句動(dòng)作和從句動(dòng)作相對(duì)比。 While he was reading, his wife was cooking. _________________________________________________________________ 6. as引導(dǎo)一個(gè)持續(xù)性動(dòng)作，多用于主句動(dòng)作和從句動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，常譯為“一邊……一邊……”。 As we walked, we talked. _________________________________________________ 7. every time, each time, next time, the first time, any time, all the time等名詞短語(yǔ)用來(lái)引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“每當(dāng)……，每次……，下次……，第一次……，任何時(shí)間……，自始至終……”等。 Next time you e, do remember to bring your son here. __________________________________________________________ 二．過(guò)去完成時(shí) 過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間或動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作，即動(dòng)作發(fā)生在“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”。其構(gòu)成形式為“had + 過(guò)去分詞”。 下面是過(guò)去完成時(shí)的一些主 要用法： 1.過(guò)去完成時(shí)常與by, for, before, since等介詞短語(yǔ)或由after, before, since, when, by the time等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句連用。 1) By the end of last week she had written two papers. 2) I had seen her before she saw me. 2. 過(guò)去完成時(shí)常用在含hardly, scarcely, barely, no sooner …than 等副詞的句子中。 1)She had hardly gone to bed when the telephone rang.=Hardly had she gone to bed when the telephone rang. 2)They had no sooner got home than it began to rain.=No sooner had they got home than it began to rain. 3.由上下文來(lái)暗示。 1)The office was quiet. Everybody had gone home. 2)I had wanted to see her. So I went to see her this autumn. 4.the first(second,third,last…)time同過(guò)去完成時(shí)連用。 1) It was the first time he had lost the game. 2) It was the third time he had dined out with her. 【合作探究】 用括號(hào)中動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1. When they________(hear)the news, they all jumped with joy. 2. The students________(sing) as they walked. 3. When the police arrived, the thieves________(run away)． 4. I was not sure whether I________(meet)him before. 5. As he stood up, he dropped the glass，________(break) it into pieces. 6. While I ________ (read), he came in. 7. She ________(not go) to bed until 11 oclock last night. 8. By the time he________(get) home, the light________( go out )． 9. By the time he________(be) twelve, Edison________(begin) to make a living by himself. 10. By the end of last term, more than 3,000 English words________(learn) by us at our middle schools. 【當(dāng)堂檢測(cè)】 1. I lost the book I _____. I’ve been looking for it everywhere, but couldn’t find it. A .have bought B. bought C. had bought D. had been bought 2. The bus had gone the moment I _______ at the bus stop. A. have arrived B. arrived C. had arrived D. am arriving 3. ----Did you meet Tom at the airport? -----No, he ______by the time I ________ there. A. had left; had arrived B .had left; arrived C. left; arrived D. left; had arrived 4. -----Why didn’t Tom attend the meeting yesterday? -----He _______Beijing. A. had gone to B. had been to C. went to D. has gone to 5.By two o’clock we ________everything ready, so we could start at any time A. already got B. already have got C. had already got D. have already got 6.You can’t borrow books from the school library ______you get your student card. A .before B. if C. while D. as 7.Peter was so excited ________he received an invitation from his friend to visit Chongqing. A . where B. that C. why D. when 8. It just isn’t fair ________ I was working as a waiter last month, my friends were lying on the beach. A. whenever B. though C. for D. while 9.John was given the same suitcase his father and grandfather _______with them to school. A. took B. had taken C. were taking D. would take 10. Mary went to the box office at lunch time, but all the tickets _____out. A. would sell B. had sold C. have sold D. was selling 11. She stared at the painting, wondering where she ________it. A. saw B .has seen C. sees D. had seen 12. The hotel wasn’t particularly good. But I _______in many worse hotels. A. was staying B. stayed C. would stay D. had stayed 13. We first met on a train in 2000. We both felt immediately that we ______ each other for years. A. knew B. have known C. had known D. know 14. The moment I got home, I found I ______my jacket on the playground . A. had left B. left C. have left D. was leaving 15. There were some chairs left over _______everyone had sat down. A. when B. until C .that D. where