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2019-2020年高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) 第18講 狀語從句經(jīng)典精講練習(xí)（上） 開篇語 開心自測(cè) 開心自測(cè)講解 題一： Jack wasn’t saying anything, but the teacher smiled at him ___he had done something very clever. A. as if B. in case C. while D. though 題二： To show our respect, we usually have to take our gloves off ______ we are to shake hands with. A. whichever B. whenever C. whoever D. wherever 題三： __________all of them are strong candidates, only one will be chosen for the post. A. Since B. While C. If D. As 題四： ____ regular exercise is very important, it’s never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime. A. It B. As C. Although D. Unless 主要考點(diǎn)梳理 地點(diǎn)狀語從句 地點(diǎn)狀語從句通常由where, wherever 引導(dǎo)。 Where there is a will, there is a way. Wherever you go，I’m right here waiting for you. 方式狀語從句 方式狀語從句通常由as, (just)as...so..., as if, as though引導(dǎo)。as，(just)as...so...引導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句通常位于主句后，但當(dāng)(just)as...so...結(jié)構(gòu)位于句首時(shí)，as從句帶有比喻的含義，意思是“正如；就像”，多用于正式文體。 Always do to the others as you would be done by. As water is to fish, so air is to man. Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds. as if, as though 兩者的意義和用法相同，引出的狀語從句謂語多用虛擬語氣，表示與事實(shí)相反；有時(shí)也用陳述語氣，表示所說情況是事實(shí)或?qū)崿F(xiàn)的可能性較大。譯作“仿佛……似的；好像……似的”。 They pletely ignore these facts as if (as though)they never existed. He looks as if ( as though)he had been hit by lighting. It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon. 原因狀語從句 比較because, since, as和for的用法： because語勢(shì)最強(qiáng)，用來說明人所不知的原因，回答why提出的問題。當(dāng)原因是顯而易見的或已為人們所知的，就用as或since. I didn’t go, because I was afraid. Since / As the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey. 由because引導(dǎo)的從句如果放在句末，且前面有逗號(hào)，則可以用for來代替。如果不是說明直接原因，而是多種情況加以推斷，就只能用for. He is absent today, because / for he is ill. He must be ill, for he is absent today. 目的狀語從句 表示目的狀語的從句可以由 so that, in order that, lest, for fear that, in case等詞引導(dǎo)。 You must speak louder so that / in order that you can be heard by all. He wrote the name down for fear that(lest)he should forget it. Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold. 結(jié)果狀語從句 結(jié)果狀語從句常由so...that或such...that引導(dǎo)。so...that與such...that之間可以轉(zhuǎn)換。 The boy is so young that he can’t go to school. He is such a young boy that he can’t go to. 條件狀語從句 連接詞主要有 if, unless, as / so long as, on condition that等。 Let’s go out for a walk unless you are too tired. If you are not too tired, let’s go out for a walk. 讓步狀語從句 though, although引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句，后面的從句不能有but，但是 though 和yet可連用。 Although it’s raining, they are still working in the field. He is very old, but he still works very hard. Though the sore is healed, yet a scar may remain. as, though 引導(dǎo)的讓步從句必須將表語或狀語提前(形容詞、副詞、分詞、實(shí)義動(dòng)詞原形提前)。 Child as / though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do. ever if, even though“即使”。 We’ll make a trip even though the weather is bad. whether...or...“不管……都”。 Whether you believe it or not, it is true. “no matter ＋疑問詞”或“疑問詞＋－ever”。 No matter what happened, he would not mind. ＝ Whatever happened, he would not mind. 高考對(duì)狀語從句的考查主要體現(xiàn)在省略，時(shí)態(tài)的替代，語序的倒裝以及連詞的 辨析四個(gè)方面。 成分的省略 (1) 在時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、條件、讓步、方式等狀語從句中，如果主語是it或與主句的主語一 致，且謂語動(dòng)詞含有be時(shí)，可把從句的主語和be一起省略。 Don’ speak until (you are) spoken to. Do e to see me whenever (it is) possible. (2) 在比較狀語從句中，可省略與主句相同的部分。 I know you more than he (knows you). Tom is two years older than Alice (is). (3) as (盡管)引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句倒裝時(shí)，表語提前，且其前的冠詞要省略。 Hero as he is, he has shortings. 時(shí)態(tài)的替代 (1) 在時(shí)間、條件和讓步狀語從句中須用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)替代一般將來時(shí)，用一般過去時(shí)替代過去將來時(shí)。 If it rains tomorrow, we won’t go fishing. Don’t get off the bus until it has stopped. (2) The more...the more...句型中，前句起條件狀語從句作用，故用現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來。 The harder you work, the greater progress you’ll make. (3)after, before, as soon as等連詞本身就暗示了時(shí)間的先后，因此可用一般過去時(shí)代替過去完成時(shí)，而不會(huì)產(chǎn)生時(shí)間上的混亂。 I went to bed after I (had) finished my homework. The film star (had) left before the reporter arrived. He got down to work as soon as he (had) go to the factory. 語序的倒裝 (1)no sooner...than..., hardly/scarcely/barely...when...句型中的主句常用過去完成時(shí)，從句常用一般過去時(shí)，且置于句首時(shí)主句要倒裝。 No sooner had he got home than it began to rain. (2)so / such...that...，not until...置于句首時(shí)主句要倒裝。 So angry did she feel that she couldn’t speak. Not until he told me the truth did I realize what had happened. 連詞的辨析 根據(jù)上下文的語意推斷屬于哪種狀語從句，然后選擇連詞。 金題精講 近幾年高考對(duì)狀語從句的考查主要體現(xiàn)在以下幾個(gè)方面： 考點(diǎn)：when，while與as的用法均可表示“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”，但有區(qū)別： when：既可接表示動(dòng)作性或短暫性的動(dòng)詞，也可接表示狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞，不強(qiáng)調(diào)主從句謂語 動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。有時(shí)還有“這時(shí)”的意思。 while：常接持續(xù)性的動(dòng)詞，強(qiáng)調(diào)主從句謂語動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，常用進(jìn)行時(shí)。有時(shí)還有對(duì)比意義，意為“然而”。 as：強(qiáng)調(diào)同時(shí)發(fā)生或伴隨進(jìn)行。常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或過去時(shí)，意為“一邊……一邊……”。有時(shí)還有“隨著”含義。 題一： I do every single bit of housework ____my husband Bob just does the dishes now and then. A. since B. while C. when D. as “一……就……”幾種表達(dá)法 once, as soon as, the moment minute, immediately/directly/instantly引導(dǎo)的從句常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或過去時(shí)。 hardly / scarcely … when…和no sooner … than …結(jié)構(gòu)中，前句常用過去完成式（常用部分倒裝形式），后句用過去式。 On doing sth., each /every/the firs /the last + time 后也可直接接從句，一起作時(shí)間狀語。 題二： —Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her? —Yes. I gave it to her _____ I saw her. A. while B. the moment C. suddenly D. once 考點(diǎn)：because, as, since與for的用法比較 because：表示直接的原因或理由。用于回答Why的問題。because與so不能同時(shí)并列使用。 since：表示對(duì)方已知的，無須加以說明的既成事實(shí)的理由。譯為“既然”。 as：表示十分明顯的原因，一般說明因果關(guān)系。 for：常出現(xiàn)在并列句中，不說明主句行為發(fā)生的直接原因，只提供一些補(bǔ)充說明，且不可位于句首。 題三： _______ you are leaving tomorrow, we can eat dinner together tonight. A. For B. Since C. When D. While 考點(diǎn)：no matter后可接who, whom, whose, which, what, when, where, how, whether. 引導(dǎo)的讓步主語從句可用whoever, whomever, whenever, whichever, whatever, wherever, however替換，但在ever引導(dǎo)其它從句時(shí)不可用no matter引導(dǎo)。 題四： _______, I have to put it away and focus my attention on study this week. A. However the story is amusing B. No matter amusing the story is C. However amusing the story is D. No matter how the story is amusing 考點(diǎn)：until / till的用法 題五： It was _____ back home after the experiment. A. not until midnight did he go B. until midnight that he didn’t go C. not until midnight that he went D. until midnight when he didn’t go 題六： —Was his father very strict with him when he was at school? —Yes. He had never praised him ______ he became one of the top students in the grade. A. after B. unless C. until D. when 開心自測(cè)講解 題一：A 題二：C 題三：B 題四：C 金題精講 題一：B 題二：B 題三：B 題四：C 題五：C 題六：C