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專題講座:對八年級英語學(xué)科優(yōu)秀導(dǎo)語設(shè)計的舉例說明
太岳中學(xué) 史沁麗
常言道:良好的開端是成功的一半。一次引人入勝的課堂導(dǎo)入猶如樂曲的引子,演出的序幕,能很快吸引學(xué)生的注意力,激發(fā)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣,調(diào)動學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的積極性,從而提高課堂教學(xué)效果。因此教師應(yīng)結(jié)合學(xué)生及教學(xué)內(nèi)容的實際,以新穎靈活,豐富多采,妙趣橫生的導(dǎo)入方法牢牢吸引住學(xué)生。
然而如何導(dǎo)入新課是一項需要精心設(shè)計而且實行頗難的教學(xué)藝術(shù),正像唱歌一樣,樂曲定調(diào)是最難的,該用F調(diào)還是用A調(diào),往往要用較多的時間才能找準它。所以導(dǎo)語設(shè)計是組織課堂教育教學(xué)的重要一環(huán)。好的導(dǎo)語可以把學(xué)生不知不覺引入到教學(xué)內(nèi)容中,使教學(xué)環(huán)節(jié)的過渡
2、如池上飛鴻,不留痕跡。因此成功的課堂教學(xué)離不開精巧的導(dǎo)語設(shè)計。
現(xiàn)以牛津英語8B教材為例,向大家介紹一些優(yōu)秀的導(dǎo)語設(shè)計。
1、 話題導(dǎo)入
Chapter 1 Reading France is calling.
教師可以先從“旅游”的話題入手,通過問學(xué)生Do you like travelling? Where did you go last summer holiday? Which place do you like best?等問題勾起學(xué)生對過去旅游經(jīng)歷的美好回憶,繼而創(chuàng)設(shè)情景:If you have a chance to go abroad this
3、summer holiday, which country would you like to go most? Why? 從而激發(fā)學(xué)生對旅游的暢想,然后建議學(xué)生:Why not visit France? France is calling.
二、情景導(dǎo)入
Chapter 1 Speaking
這一部分學(xué)習(xí)問路指路的內(nèi)容,教師可創(chuàng)設(shè)情景導(dǎo)入:Tomorrow is my mothers birthday. I want to buy her a present . But I am new here. I dont know where to go and h
4、ow to get there. Can you help me ?
三、游戲?qū)?
Chapter 2
第二單元在學(xué)習(xí)課文之前,有一個關(guān)于五種感官的學(xué)習(xí),教師可以帶一些食物到課堂上,讓學(xué)生閉上眼睛,分別讓不同的學(xué)生smell, feel, or taste, 并說句子:It smells/feels/tastes...從而引出五種感官:sight, smell , taste , hearing and touch.
四、圖片導(dǎo)入
Chapter 3 Electricity
教師給學(xué)生展示一些生活中常用電器的圖片,并討論:What are
5、they? What can they do? What common points are there among them? What forms of energy can they change electricity into? 這樣自然而然就引出了電的話題。
五、兒歌導(dǎo)入
Chapter 3 Writing Making rules
教師先向?qū)W生呈現(xiàn)下列兒歌:
Green light, green light, Go, go,go! Red light,red light. Stop, stop, stop! Yellow lig
6、ht,yellow light. Wait, wait, wait.
然后讓學(xué)生邊打節(jié)奏,邊吟唱。接著向?qū)W生發(fā)問:What are they? Where do we have rules? Why do we make rules?從而導(dǎo)入新課。
六、視頻導(dǎo)入
Chapter 4 Poems
播放英文小詩歌《Twinkle twinkle little star》的視頻,并讓學(xué)生跟唱,既活躍了課堂氣氛,又激發(fā)了學(xué)生對英語詩歌的學(xué)習(xí)興趣。
七、簡筆畫導(dǎo)入
Chapter 4 Speaking
這部分學(xué)習(xí)如何表達焦慮、提建議以及拒
7、絕建議和接受建議。教師先在黑板上畫了個圓圈,問學(xué)生:What am I going to draw? 激發(fā)了學(xué)生的思維,抓住了學(xué)生的注意力。接著,教師將畫一步一步畫完:a circle -- a face -- a girls face -- Shes unhappy. 在此期間,讓學(xué)生不斷猜測,興趣盎然。當教師問What should we ask her ? 時,學(xué)生自然而然說出了Whats the matter ? 此時,還可讓學(xué)生再猜,最后揭曉答案:Shes bored . Can you give her some advice?待學(xué)生提建議時,教師可扮作女孩拒絕或接受建議。
8、 八、謎語導(dǎo)入
Chapter 5 Reading Water talk
A riddle
It is a liquid. It has no taste at all. It has no smell. Its everywhere around us. We use it everyday.
九、時事導(dǎo)入
Chapter 6 Reading A new newspaper
結(jié)合時事,教師問學(xué)生:What important news do you know about China recently? 學(xué)生馬上可以想到The Phli
9、pins is against China about Huangyan island. Japan wants to buy Diaoyu island.教師接著追問 How did you know that? 學(xué)生:From TV. 教師 :We usually get news from TV. We can also get news from the radio, the Internet and newspaper. Do you or your family read newspaper every day?... I think its good to read newspa
10、per every day. We can not only relax ourselves but also know more about our country.
十、聯(lián)系實際導(dǎo)入
Chapter 6 Speaking 學(xué)習(xí)表達祝賀、稱贊和同情的句子
教師宣布了班上一名學(xué)生英語競賽獲獎的消息:Bai Riyao won a prize in the English competition . What should we say to her?
Bai is lucky, but another girl, Guo Yajuan is not so lucky. She hurt her head yesterday. What should we say to her?
其實,各種導(dǎo)入法各有優(yōu)缺點,老師在使用過程中,要根據(jù)教學(xué)內(nèi)容靈活地加以應(yīng)用,力求實用、高效。
導(dǎo)入形式多種多樣,不拘一格。借安徽傅元根同志的話說:“導(dǎo)語雖無一定之規(guī),但有一定之妙??偟脑瓌t是注意啟發(fā)性、知識性、趣味性。只要新課伊始就能激發(fā)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣,撥動其思維之弦,讓他們以最佳的興奮狀態(tài)投入學(xué)習(xí)活動,就是成功的導(dǎo)語?!边@也就是課堂教學(xué)的“風(fēng)頭”了。
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