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2019-2020年中考英語第三部分中招題型研究三 閱讀理解B 話題2 科普知識（含解析） Have you ever thought of why dogs are human’s best friends? What’s the bond(緊密關(guān)系）between human and dogs? A new study by Japanese scientist Miho Nagasawa seems to have found the answer, and it has to do with something named the cuddle(擁抱）chemical. The cuddle chemical has another, more scientific name: oxytocin(催產(chǎn)素）. Oxytocin is something in the blood that encourages bonding. Levels of oxytocin increase, for example, when a mother feeds her newborn baby. According to Nagasawa’s study, levels of oxytocin can also go up when we look deeply into the eyes of a dog. Humans and dogs have been working together for nearly 30,000 years. In order to better understand how the cuddle chemical worked between dogs and humans, Nagasawa and his team did an experiment. They tested levels of oxytocin in dogs and humans, and then put them in a room to interact(交流）with each other. While in the room, the humans pet the dogs, spoke to the dogs, and looked into the dog’s eyes. Then the scientists tested their levels of oxytocin again. The researchers found that levels of oxytocin were higher in both humans and dogs after they interacted. However, levels were the highest in the humans and dogs that simply looked into each other’s eyes, without much petting or talking. The longer the humans looked into the eyes of the dogs, the more cuddle chemical was let out. Nagasawa did the same experiment with humans and wolves, but it did not give the same results. 1. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 1 refers to? A. Something. B. The answer. C. A new study. D. The cuddle chemical. 2. Nagasawa did the experiment of humans and dogs to know . A. how oxytocin worked B. how oxytocin was divided C. how they helped each other D. how they interacted with each other 3. Oxytocin levels reached the highest in the humans and dogs . A. when they looked into each other’s eyes B. when they talked with each other C. if the dogs cuddled the humans D. if the humans pet the dogs 4. What can we infer(推斷）from the last sentence of the text? A. More experiments are expected to help wolves produce oxytocin. B. The cuddle chemical in human blood protects us against wolves. C. It makes sense that humans and wolves are naturally best friends. D. It’s generally impossible to have the bond between humans and wolves. 5. Where is the text most probably from? A. Advertisement. B. Newspaper. C. Story book. D. Menu. 【主旨大意】本文是一篇說明文。介紹了日本科學(xué)家Miho Nagasawa的一項研究：人類和狗的關(guān)系之所以很密切是因?yàn)橐环N叫催產(chǎn)素的化學(xué)物質(zhì)。血液中的這種化學(xué)物質(zhì)可以增進(jìn)人類與狗之間的關(guān)系。 1. B【解析】代詞指代題。題干意為：在第一段中劃線單詞it指的是 。A項：某物；B項：答案；C項：一項新的研究；D項：擁抱化學(xué)物質(zhì)。根據(jù)第一段第三句“A new study by Japanese scientist Miho Nagasawa seems to have found the answer...日本科學(xué)家Miho Nagasawa的一項新研究似乎找到了答案……”可推知it指代“the answer”。故選B。 2. A 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：Nagasawa 做關(guān)于人類和狗（之間的關(guān)系）的實(shí)驗(yàn)是為了知道 。A項：催產(chǎn)素是怎么產(chǎn)生作用的；B項：催產(chǎn)素是如何被分離的；C項：他們是如何互相幫助的；D項：他們是如何互動的。根據(jù)第三段第二句可知Nagasawa做這項研究是想知道催產(chǎn)素是怎樣在人類與狗之間起作用的。故選A。 3. A【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為： 催產(chǎn)素在人類和狗體內(nèi)產(chǎn)生量最大。A項：當(dāng)他們看著對方眼睛的時候；B項：當(dāng)他們互相說話的時候；C項：如果狗擁抱人類；D項：如果人們養(yǎng)寵物狗。根據(jù)最后一段第二句可知當(dāng)人類和狗看著對方的眼睛時，催產(chǎn)素在人類和狗體內(nèi)產(chǎn)生量最大。故選A。 4. D【解析】推理判斷題。題干意為：我們可以從文章的最后一句中推測出什么？A項：為了幫助狼產(chǎn)生催產(chǎn)素，有望做更多的實(shí)驗(yàn)；B項：人體血液中的擁抱化學(xué)物質(zhì)保護(hù)我們免受狼的傷害；C項：人類和狼天生是最好的朋友是有一定道理的；D項：通常人類和狼不可能有緊密關(guān)系。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句可知在人類和狼身上并沒有緊密關(guān)系。故選D。 5. B【解析】推理判斷題。題干意為：文章最有可能來自哪里？A項：廣告；B項：報紙；C項：故事書；D項：菜單。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，可能來自報紙。故選B。