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[指示代詞和單數(shù)句與復(fù)數(shù)句的轉(zhuǎn)換],單元語法聚焦二,教材典句,1．This is my sister.這是我的姐姐/妹妹。 2．Those are my parents.那是我的父母。 3．These are my brothers.這些是我的兄弟們。 4．This is my friend Jane.這是我的朋友簡。 5．Thats my grandfather.那是我的祖父。,6．—Whos she？她是誰？ —Shes my sister.她是我的姐姐/妹妹。 7．—Whos he？他是誰？ —Hes my brother.他是我的哥哥/弟弟。 8．—Whore they？他們是誰？ —Theyre my grandparents.他們是我的祖父母。,語法探究,1．指示代詞 (1)定義： 指示代詞是用來指示或標(biāo)識人或事物的代詞。指示代詞表示“這個”、“那個”、“這些”、“那些”等含義。指示代詞有名詞和限定詞的功能。常見的指示代詞有________，________，________，________等。,this,that,these,those,(2)用法： ①指示代詞可在句中作主語、賓語和定語。如： ________ is a desk.這是一張書桌。(作主語) ________ boy is my friend. 這個男孩是我的朋友。(作定語) ②this和these表示所指的人或物距離說話人比較近，而that和those表示所指的人或物距離說話人比較遠(yuǎn)。如： ________ is an orange and ________ is an apple. 這是一個橙子，那是一個蘋果。,This,These,This,that,③從數(shù)上來看，this和that指單數(shù)， these和those指復(fù)數(shù)。如： ________ is my mother.這是我媽媽。 ________ are my parents.這是我的父母。 ④this和that用作電話用語時，this指自己，而that指對方。如： Hello, ________ is Mary. Is________ Xiaoli? 你好！我是瑪麗。你是小麗嗎？,This,These,this,that,⑤當(dāng)指示代詞在疑問句中作主語時，其答句主語的變化：this, that→it; these, those→they。如： —Is________ a book？這是一本書嗎？ —Yes, ________ is.是的，它是。 —Are________ your friends? 那些是你的朋友嗎？ —Yes, ________ are.是的，他們是。,this,it,those,they,2．單數(shù)句與復(fù)數(shù)句的轉(zhuǎn)換 (1)將單數(shù)句中的指示代詞、人稱代詞、名詞及be動詞等變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)形式 This/That is a ruler. → These/________ are rulers. She is in China. → They are in China. Im a boy. → We ________ ________．,Those,are,boys,(2)將單數(shù)句中的不定冠詞a, an去掉(某些固定搭配除外)。 It is an apple. → ________ ________ apples. That is a pencil. → ________ ________ pencils. (3)單數(shù)句中的形容詞、定冠詞、副詞、疑問詞、介詞等保持不變。 The pen is red. →The pens are red. What color is the jacket? →What color are the jackets?,They,are,are,Those,【注意】名詞作定語時，一般用單數(shù)形式，被修飾的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時，一般情況下，作定語用的名詞不需要變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)形式，但由man或woman作定語修飾的名詞變成復(fù)數(shù)時，兩部分皆要變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)形式。如： That is an orange quilt. →Those are ________ ________．,orange,quilts,She is a woman doctor. →They are ________ ________． His friend is a man teacher. →His friends are ________ ________．,women,doctors,men,teachers,實戰(zhàn)演練,Ⅰ.寫出下列單詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式 1．this________ 2．friend ________ 3．name ________ 4．is ________ 5．family ________,these,friends,names,are,families,6．that ________ 7．key ________ 8．boy ________ 9．she ________ 10．parent ________,parents,those,keys,boys,they,Ⅱ.單項填空 ( )1.________ my friends. A．Thiss B．Thats C．These are D．These is ( )2.Look at the girls! ________ are my sisters. A．Those B．These C．You D．They,C,[解析]由后面的“friends”可知用these are。,D,[解析]代替前文提到的復(fù)數(shù)名詞用they。,( )3.This ________ my sister and those ________ my friends. A．is; are B．a(chǎn)re; is C．a(chǎn)re; are D．is; is ( )4.Hello, Mary. ________ my friends, Jack and Jim. A．This is B．That is C．These are D．It is,A,[解析]考查be動詞的用法。this表示單數(shù)，用is; those表示復(fù)數(shù)，用are。,C,( )5.Are ________ her ________？ A．this; parent B．this; parents C．these; parent D．these; parents ( )6.Im looking for my key, but I cant find________． A．it B．one C．this D．that,D,A,( )7.—Is this your classmate? —________. Its my brother. A．Yes, it is B．Yes, he is C．No, it isnt D．No, she isnt,D,[解析]指示代詞this在疑問句中作主語時，其答句的主語用it，故排除選項B和D。根據(jù)“Its my brother.”可知選C。,( )8.—Are those your erasers? —________． A．Yes, it is B．No, it isnt C．Yes, these are D．No, they arent,D,[解析]根據(jù)題干中的those可排除選項A和B?；卮餿hese和those的一般疑問句時，應(yīng)用代詞they來作答，故選D。,Ⅲ.用指示代詞this, that, these或those填空 1．—Whats ________ over there? —Its a bus. 2．—Are ________ your pencils? —No, they arent. My pencils are here. 3．—Are________ your rulers? —Yes, they are. I put them here. 4．Hello. ________ is Mary. Is ________ Jack?,that,those,that,these,This,Ⅳ.根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子 1．他們是我的父母。 ________ ________ my ________． 2．那些是你的朋友們嗎？ _______ ________ your friends? 3．那些鑰匙是什么顏色的？ What ________ ________ those ________？,,They,are,Are,parents,those,color,are,keys,4．她是我的姐姐。 ________ is my ________. 5．“這是你的弟弟嗎？”“是的，他們是?！?—________ ________ your ________？ —Yes, ________ ________.,She,sister,Are,these,brothers,they,are,Ⅴ.按要求完成下列各題 1．This is a red jacket. (改為復(fù)數(shù)句) ________ ________ red ________． 2．Those are oranges. (改為單數(shù)句) ________ ________ ________ orange. 3．Are these erasers？(作否定回答) No, ________ ________．,,These,are,That,jackets,is,an,they arent,4．They are girls. (改為單數(shù)句) ________ ________ ________ ________． 5．your, is, sister, Lily(連詞成句) __________________________________,She,is,a,girl,Is Lily your sister,Ⅵ.根據(jù)漢語提示完成短文 This is a 1. ___________ (照片) of Mr. Blacks 2.________(家庭). The man in the middle is Mr. Black, the 3.________ (父親). The woman is the 4.________(母親). They have a son and a 5.________(女兒). The son is behind Mr. Black. His 6.________ (名字) is Jack. He is 10. Kate is Jacks 7.________(妹妹). She is 8.________(九歲). Jack is in Grade 9.________(五) and Kate is in Grade Four. They are 10.________(好的) students.,photo/picture,family,father,mother,daughter,name,sister,9/nine,5/Five,good,