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1、 必修四模塊2 語(yǔ)法學(xué)案 課題 Traffic Jam 課時(shí) 1 課時(shí) 教學(xué)目標(biāo) 1.Revise some language points. 2. Learn more about Grammar of the module . 3.Learn to use this Grammar. 教學(xué)重點(diǎn) Learn about the baisc usage of Imperatives 教學(xué)難點(diǎn) Deal with some important exercises about it. 課堂導(dǎo)學(xué) Step I. Basic Rules（規(guī)則導(dǎo)學(xué)） Gramma

2、r 祈使句 （1） 定義： 用于表達(dá)命令、請(qǐng)求、勸告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句，祈使句最常用于表達(dá)命令。祈使句因?qū)ο螅粗髡Z(yǔ)）是第二人稱，所以通常都省略。祈使句的動(dòng)詞都為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，句末則使用句號(hào)來(lái)表示結(jié)束。如： Go and wash your hands. （去洗手?！睿? Be quiet, please.（Please be quiet.） （請(qǐng)安靜?！?qǐng)求） Be kind to our sister. （對(duì)姊妹要和善?！?jiǎng)窀妫? Watch your steps. （走

3、路小心。——警告） Look out！Danger！ （小心！危險(xiǎn)！—強(qiáng)烈警告） Keep off the grass. （勿踐草坪?！梗? 祈使句也常把主語(yǔ)“You”表達(dá)出來(lái)，使對(duì)方聽(tīng)起來(lái)覺(jué)得柔和些，如： ___________________________________________________.（湯姆，你去告訴他。） (2) 表現(xiàn)形式: ◆ 肯定結(jié)構(gòu): ① Do型(即:動(dòng)詞原形(+賓語(yǔ))+其它成分)。如: Please have a seat here. ___________

4、_____________. 有的祈使句在意思明確的情況下,動(dòng)詞可省略。如: This way, please. = Go this way, please. _________________. ② Be型(即:Be + 表語(yǔ)(名詞或形容詞)+其它成分)。如: ________________________.要做一個(gè)好孩子! ③ Let型(即:Let + 賓語(yǔ) + 動(dòng)詞原形 + 其它成分)。如: ___________________________________________讓我來(lái)幫你。 ◆ 否定結(jié)構(gòu): ① Do型和Be型的否定式都是在句首加don’t構(gòu)成。如

5、: _______________________________________!不要忘記我! ② Let型的否定式有兩種:“Don’t + let + 賓語(yǔ) + 動(dòng)詞原形 + 其它成分”和“Let + 賓語(yǔ) + not + 動(dòng)詞原形 + 其它成分”。如: Don’t let him go. / Let him not go. 別讓他走。 ③ 有些可用no開(kāi)頭, 用來(lái)表示禁止性的祈使句。如: ______________________!禁止吸煙! No fishing!_____________________________! ④ 用“l(fā)et”的祈使句時(shí)，必須注意下

6、列幾點(diǎn)： (a)“l(fā)et” 的否定句有二。如果賓語(yǔ)是第三人稱用“Don’t let...”；如果賓語(yǔ)是第一人稱，則用“Let... not”，如： Don’t let this type of things happen again. (b)“Let“只適用于現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，可以有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) (the passive voice)，如： Let the recalcitrant criminals be sent to prison. (c)“Let”后頭除了是不帶“to“的不定式動(dòng)詞 (The infinitive without “to”)之外，還可以是某些適當(dāng)?shù)母?/p>

7、詞，如out, in, down, alone等： Open the windows and let the fresh air in. __________________________________. (d) 用“Let’s”時(shí)，把談話者的對(duì)象包括在內(nèi)；用“Let us”時(shí)，并不包括對(duì)方，如： Let us do it by ourselves, will you? _________________________________? (3)高考回望 祈使句通常用來(lái)表示命令、請(qǐng)求、禁止、建議、警告等語(yǔ)氣，是高考的熱點(diǎn)之一。分析歷年高考試題，可以看出主要是對(duì)以下幾個(gè)方

8、面進(jìn)行考查： （一）對(duì)祈使句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式的考查 1._____ it with me and I’ll see what I can do.(NMET98) A. When left B. Leaving C. If you leave D. Leave 2.____at the door before entering, please.(京皖春招2000) A Knocked B To knock C Knocking D Knock 3.______ some of this juice 郴州電視臺(tái) ——perhaps you’ll like it .

9、(京皖春招2001) A Turning B Try C To try D Have tried 4._____down the radio—the baby’s asleep in the next room.(NMET93) 對(duì)策：牢記常見(jiàn)祈使句結(jié)構(gòu)，注重標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)的功用，排除非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的干擾（非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞提前作狀語(yǔ)，常用逗號(hào)與后面分開(kāi)，說(shuō)明后面情況發(fā)生的時(shí)間、原因、條件、目的等）如： 5．_____ late in the morning, Bob turned off the alarm.(京皖春招2001) A. To sleep B. Sleeping

10、C. Sleep D. Having slept 郴州電視臺(tái)廣告部 二.對(duì)祈使句的反意疑問(wèn)句考查. 6.Don’t smoke in the meeting room,_____ ______________?(NMET91) A, do you B. will you C. can you D. could you 郴州電視臺(tái)廣告部 7.We forget to bring our tickets, but please let us enter,________?(NMET2006) A. do you B. can we C. will you D .s

11、hall we 8.Be sure to write to us,___________?(NMET93) A. will you B. aren’t you C. can you D. mustn’t you 9.It’s a fine day. Let’s go fishing,________?(NMET90) A. won’t we B. will we C. don’t we D. shall we 10.--- Alice, you feed the bird today,_________? ---But I fed it yesterday.

12、(NMET99) A.do you B. will you C. didn’t you D. don’t you 視臺(tái)廣告部 帶主語(yǔ)的祈使句常用于下面幾種情況： 郴州電視臺(tái) （1）當(dāng)說(shuō)話人要求不同的人做不同的事時(shí)。如： 郴州電視臺(tái)廣告部 You go to telephone the police for help while Mary and I stay here to look after the injured. (2)當(dāng)說(shuō)話人是上級(jí)對(duì)下級(jí)、或長(zhǎng)輩對(duì)晚輩時(shí)。如： You listen to your parents at home. ______

13、___________________________. (3) 當(dāng)祈使句的謂語(yǔ)部分有副詞up, down, in, out, off, away,且副詞位于句首時(shí)。如： Out you go . _________________. 三 、對(duì)祈使句的應(yīng)答語(yǔ)的考查 1.--- Don’t forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow. 郴州電視臺(tái) ---_________.(NMET94) A.I don’t B.I won’t C.I can’t D .I haven’t 2.----Write to me when y

14、ou get home. ---__________(京皖春招2001) A. I must B. I should C.I will D.I can 郴州電視臺(tái)廣告部 對(duì)策:從語(yǔ)句交際意義入手,排除Don’t/Do/Be等應(yīng)答的定式干擾. Step II. Exercise Zone（考練空間） 1.-I can’t reach that high. What shall I do ? -________John to help you . A. Ask B. asking C. to ask D. please ２．Dad, let us, _

15、___, go to the river –side,__________? A. Tom and I shall we B. Tom and me :shall we 郴州電視臺(tái) C. Tom and I: will you D. Tom and me :will you 郴州電視臺(tái)廣告部 3. _____and I will hit you. A. If you say that again B. Say that again C. Saying that again D. You will say that again 4-.I can’t u

16、nlock the door. -________the key the other way. A. Try to turn B. Try turning C. Trying to turn D. Trying turning 5.______and I’ll get the work finished(重慶.2006) A. Have one more hour. B. one more hour C. Given one more hour D. If I have one more hour. 6. If you have a job______

17、_____ yourself to it and finally you’ll succeed． A．do devote B．dont devote C．devoting D．not devoting 7.Show cheerfulness even when you don’t feel it,______________? A. will you　　　B. do you　　　C. may you　　　D. can’t you 8、Catherine, ______________up early tomorrow morning, or we wi

18、ll be late for the train. A. getting　　　B. gets　　　C. get　　　D. to get 9.Don’t forget to turn off the light when you leave the room,______________? A. will you　　　B. can you　　　C. do you　　　D. are you OK 10、____________ on the television or_____________ a magazine, and then you will often see a lot

19、of advertisements. A. Turning; open B. Turn; opening C. Turn; open D. Turning; opening 11、Don’t be discouraged，__________things as they are and you will enjoy every day of your life. A. Taking B. To take C. Take D. Taken 12、I’ve never se

20、en anyone run so fast—__________David go. A. just watch B. just to watch C. just watching D. just having watched 13.Don’t be discouraged. _________ things as they are and you will enjoy every day of your life . A. Taking

21、 B. To take C. Take D. Taken 14.____________, I think, and the problem can be settled. A If you make your efforts B So long as you make your efforts C Making great efforts D A bit more efforts 15. Mary, ________here ---everybody else, stay where you are. A. come

22、 B. comes C. to come D. coming 16. Go and join in the party . _________ it to me to do the washing—up . A. Get B. Remain C. Leave D. Send 17. —Alice, you feed bird today, _____? —But I fed it yesterday. A. do you B. will you

23、 C. didn’t you D. don’t you 18. —Be sure to get there on time, ____ you? —Of course. We ____. A. will; will B. won’t; shall C. don’t; do D. can; swim 19 —The new windows need washing. —Well, let’s wash them together, ____? A. shall we B. will you C. should we

24、 D. would you 20. Sorry, I’m not feeling well and I don’t think I can finish. —Don’t worry. Let us do it for you, ____? A. will you B. shall we C. shan’t we D. shall you Book 4 Module 2 語(yǔ)法答案： You go and tell him, Tom. 請(qǐng)這邊坐。 請(qǐng)這邊走。 Be a good boy! Let me help you. Don’t forget me! No smoking! 禁止釣魚(yú)！ 打開(kāi)窗子讓新鮮的空氣進(jìn)來(lái)。 讓我們自己來(lái)做，好嗎？ 在家要聽(tīng)父母的話。 你出去。 高考題：DDBDA BCADB BC 練習(xí)題：ADBBB AACAC CACDA CBAAA