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2019-2020年高中英語(yǔ) Unit5 Wonders of Our Body課時(shí)訓(xùn)練 重慶大學(xué)版選修8 Ⅰ.品句填詞 1．There’s a____________(病毒)going around the office. 答案：virus 2．He ____________(捐獻(xiàn))thousands of pounds to charity. 答案：donated 3．What was his ____________(反應(yīng)) to the news? 答案：reaction 4．The problem is not____________(根本) a financial one . 答案：primarily 5．Dogs have a keen ____________(感官) of smell. 答案：sense 6．Heat gently until the sugar ____________(溶解)． 答案：dissolves Ⅱ.選詞填空 1．He husband was always there and she just ________________________________________________________________________ him ________________. 答案：took；for granted 2．I’m sure he’s________________no good. 答案：up to 3．He has been ________________his dignity. 答案：robbed of 4．Their house is__________big __________ small. 答案：neither；nor 5．He ________________his drink with one large gulp. 答案：finished off Ⅲ.單項(xiàng)填空 1．Those who suffer from headache will find they get________from this medicine. A．relief　　　　　　　　 B．safety C．defense D．shelter 解析：選A。句意：那些頭痛的人會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)這種藥物能使頭痛緩解。relief表示“緩解，減輕，解除”，所以A項(xiàng)符合句意。safety“安全，保險(xiǎn)”；defense“防御；防護(hù)”；shelter“掩蔽，保護(hù)”。 2．________many times，he finally understood it. A．Told B．Telling C．Having told D．Having been told 解析：選D。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞tell的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作之前，且與句子的主語(yǔ)存在邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故選D。 3．There is a great deal of evidence________that music activities engage different parts of the brain. A．indicate B．indicating C．to indicate D．to be indicating 解析：選B。句意：有大量證據(jù)表明，音樂(lè)活動(dòng)能使大腦的不同部位都參與進(jìn)來(lái)?，F(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)indicating...作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾名詞evidence，與evidence存在邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。若單個(gè)的現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)，通常用作前置定語(yǔ)。不定式作定語(yǔ)，通常表示未發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。 4．If the weather had been better，we could have had a picnic.But it________all day. A．rained B．rains C．has rained D．is raining 解析：選A。根據(jù)前一句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣是對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情的虛擬可知，整句話的時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)該是一般過(guò)去時(shí)。 5．Liza________well not want to go on the trip －she hates traveling. A．will B．can C．must D．may 解析：選D。根據(jù)后半句she hates traveling可知，Liza很可能不想去旅行。may well為固定搭配，意為“很可能”；will不能表示推測(cè)；can not表示推測(cè)，意為“一定不”；must not意為“禁止，不許”。 6．The________of the pain can be easily achieved but the disease can be hardly cured. A．relief B．relax C．release D．ease 解析：選A。句意：減輕痛苦很容易，但是要想治愈疾病卻非常困難。relief(痛苦或憂慮)減輕或解除；減輕痛苦的事物；relax放松；使放松；release發(fā)泄，釋放；ease使寬慰。 7．It won’t be easy，but we’ll get across the river ________________________________________________________________________ . A．somewhat B．somewhere C．somehow D．sometimes 解析：選C?？疾樵~義辨析。somewhat “達(dá)到某種程度，有點(diǎn)”；somewhere“在某處，到某處”；somehow“以某種方式，不知怎么地”；sometimes“有時(shí)”。C項(xiàng)符合句意。 8．Scientists haven’t________the cause but believe it may be the result of several factors in bination. A．distinguished B．declared C．identified D．recognized 解析：選C。句意：科學(xué)家沒(méi)有確認(rèn)其起因，但認(rèn)為可能是多個(gè)因素相結(jié)合的結(jié)果。identify“確認(rèn)，鑒定”，符合句意。distinguish“區(qū)別，辨別”；declare“宣布，聲明”；recognize“認(rèn)出，辨認(rèn)出”。 9．—The children in the kindergarten are________up with the some food every day. —They should have different diet，for example，yogurt. A．built B．set C．done D．fed 解析：選D。句意：“在幼兒園，孩子們厭倦了每天吃相同的食物?！薄八麄儜?yīng)該有不同的飲食，例如酸奶?！眀e fed up with“受夠了；飽受；厭煩”，符合題意。build up“建立”；set up“架起，建立”；do up“整理，包裝，打扮”。 10．Their political action________the fall of the government. A．promoted B．a(chǎn)ccelerated C．hastened D．a(chǎn)dvanced 解析：選B。句意為：他們的政治行動(dòng)加速了政府的倒臺(tái)。accelerate“加速，加快”；promote“提倡；晉級(jí)；促進(jìn)；推動(dòng)，促銷”；hasten “匆忙，急忙”；advance “前進(jìn)”。 Ⅳ.完形填空 My father brought home a sailboat when I was ten，and almost each Sunday in summers we would go sailing.Dad was quite skilled in sailing，but not good at__1__.As for me，I__2__both before twelve because of living close to Lake Ontario. The last time Dad and I set sail together is really__3__.It was a perfect weekend after I graduated from university.I came home and__4__Dad to go sailing.Out we set soon on the__5__lake.Dad hadn’t sailed for years，but everything__6__well with the tiller(舵柄)in his hands. When we were in the middle of the lake，a__7__wind came all of a sudden.The boat was hit__8__.Dad was always at his best in any__9__，but at this moment he__10__. “John！__11__！” he shouted in a trembling voice，with the tiller still in his hands. In my memory he could fix any__12__.He was the one I always__13__for strength and security.Before I could respond，a__14__of water got into the boat.I rushed to the tiller__15__it was too late.Another huge wall of water__16__the boat in a minute.We were thrown into the water，and Dad was struggling aimlessly.At that moment，I felt fiercely__17__of him. I swam to Dad__18__and assisted him in climbing onto the hull(船殼)of the boat.Upon sitting on the hull，Dad was a little awkward about his flash of__19__.“It’s all right，Dad.We are safe now，” I forted him. That was the first time Dad had counted on me in a moment of emergency.More importantly，I found it was my turn to start__20__for my father. 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】　父親善于駕駛帆船，不善于游泳；而我既會(huì)駕駛帆船也會(huì)游泳。在一次突發(fā)事件中，我認(rèn)識(shí)到輪到我照顧我父親了。 1．A.boating B．running C．swimming D．teaching 解析：選C。句意：父親非常善于駕駛帆船，但是不善于游泳。由后文發(fā)生的緊急事件可知父親不擅長(zhǎng)游泳，故選C項(xiàng)。 2．A.enjoyed B．desired C．hated D．learned 解析：選D。句意：至于我，由于住在安大略湖邊，在12歲之前就學(xué)會(huì)了駕駛帆船和游泳。enjoy享受；desire渴望；hate恨；learn學(xué)會(huì)。由句意及下文可知D項(xiàng)正確。 3．A.unforgivable B．unforgettable C．cheerful D．regretful 解析：選B。句意：我和父親最后一次一起駕駛帆船確實(shí)是令人難忘的。unforgivable不可原諒的；unforgettable令人難忘的；cheerful高興的；regretful遺憾的。由句意及下文對(duì)突發(fā)事件的描述可知B項(xiàng)正確。 4．A.sent B．ordered C．invited D．a(chǎn)llowed 解析：選C。句意：我回到家邀請(qǐng)父親去駕駛帆船。send派；order命令；invite邀請(qǐng)；allow允許。根據(jù)句意可知C項(xiàng)正確。 5．A.calm B．icy C．stormy D．thundery 解析：選A。句意：很快我們到達(dá)平靜的湖邊。下文中提到：When we were in the middle of the lake，a__7__wind came all of a sudden.由此可知開(kāi)始時(shí)湖面是平靜的。calm平靜的；icy冰的；stormy暴風(fēng)雨的；thundery要打雷的。 6．A.finished B．went C．seemed D．sounded 解析：選B。解析：句意：父親很多年沒(méi)有駕駛帆船了，但他手握舵柄，一切順利。go well進(jìn)展順利。 7．A.strong B．gentle C．cold D．hot 解析：選A。句意：當(dāng)我們?cè)诤醒霑r(shí)，突然來(lái)了一陣強(qiáng)風(fēng)。strong強(qiáng)烈的；gentle溫和的；cold冷的；hot熱的。由句意可知A項(xiàng)正確。 8．A.respeatedly B．lightly C．hardly D．violently 解析：選D。repeatedly重復(fù)地；lightly輕輕地；hardly幾乎不；violently猛烈地，激烈地。結(jié)合下文可知D項(xiàng)正確。 9．A.danger B．place C．sport D．job 解析：選A。句意：在任何危險(xiǎn)面前，父親總是應(yīng)對(duì)自如，但是這次他嚇呆了。由句意可知A項(xiàng)正確。 10．A.suffered B．fell C．froze D．withdrew 解析：選C。suffer遭受；fall倒下；freeze呆?。粀ithdraw撤回。but表示對(duì)文的轉(zhuǎn)折，再結(jié)合下文的描述，可知C項(xiàng)正確。 11．A.Look B．Help C．Run D．Jump 解析：選B。由上文父親不善于游泳以及he shouted in a trembling voice可知B項(xiàng)正確。 12．A.problem B．relationship C．machine D．boat 解析：選A。句意：在我的記憶中，父親能解決任何問(wèn)題。句中fix意為“解決”，通常與problem連用，意為“解決問(wèn)題”。故A項(xiàng)正確。 13．A.turned to B．lived with C．a(chǎn)rgued with D．objected to 解析：選A。句意：他總是我向其尋求力量和安全感的一個(gè)人。turn to sb.求助于某人；live with忍受；argue with和……爭(zhēng)吵；object to反對(duì)。由句意知A項(xiàng)正確。 14．A.fountain B．stream C．shower D．wave 解析：選D。句意：我還沒(méi)來(lái)得及作出反應(yīng)，一股潮水涌向船艙。fountain泉水；stream水流；shower淋?。粀ave波浪。由句意知答案為D。 15．A.if B．for C．a(chǎn)fter D．but 解析：選D。句意：我向舵柄跑去，但是太晚了。前后為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故用but。 16．A.got through B．poured into C．turned over D．lifted up 解析：選C。句意：另一堵巨天的水墻頃刻間把船掀翻了。get through通過(guò)；pour into川流不息地涌入；turn over使翻轉(zhuǎn)；lift up舉起。根據(jù)下文We were thrown into the water...可知C項(xiàng)正確。 17．A.ashamed B．protective C．tired D．a(chǎn)fraid 解析：選B。句意：在那個(gè)時(shí)候，我強(qiáng)烈地想要保護(hù)他。be/feel protective of有保護(hù)……的欲望；be ashamed of對(duì)……感到羞恥；be tired of厭倦；be afraid of害怕。 18．A.hopelessly B．quickly C．slowly D．helplessly 解析：選B。句意：我迅速地游向父親幫他爬到船殼上。 hopelessly絕望地；quickly迅速地；slowly慢慢地；helplessly無(wú)能為力地。 19．A.pain B．a(chǎn)nger C．fear D．shame 解析：選C。句意：一坐到船殼上，父親對(duì)自己突然的害怕有點(diǎn)尷尬。由上文中的“John! Help！”he shouted in a trembling voice...可知父親害怕了，故C項(xiàng)正確。 20．A.making up B．getting ready C．paying off D．looking out 解析：選D。句意：更重要的是，我認(rèn)識(shí)到輪到我照顧好我父親了。make up for彌補(bǔ)；get ready for為……做好準(zhǔn)備；pay off償清(不與for搭配)；look out for盡力照顧好(某人)。 Ⅴ.閱讀理解 The Art of War is an ancient Chinese military work that was written by Sun Tzu，a high ranking military general and strategist in the late Spring and Autumn Period. posed of 13 chapters，each of which is devoted to one aspect of warfare，it is said to be the best work on military strategies and tactics (策略) of its time，and is still read for its military thoughts. The Art of War is one of the oldest and most successful books on military strategy in the world. It has been the most famous and influential of China’s Seven Military Classics. For the last two thousand years it remained the most important military work in Asia，where even the mon people knew it by name.It has had an influence on Eastern military thinking，business tactics，and beyond. Sun Tzu emphasized the importance of positioning in military strategy，and that the decision to position an army must be based on both objective (客觀的) conditions in the physical environment and the subjective(主觀的) beliefs of other petitive actors in that environment.He thought that strategy was not planning in the sense of working through an established list, but it required quick and correct responses to changing conditions. The book was first translated into French in 1772 by French Jesuit，Jean Joseph Marie Amiot, and into English by British officer Everard Ferguson Calthrop in 1905. Leaders as diverse as Mao Zedong, General Vo Nguyen Giap，Baron AntoineHenri Jomini，General Douglas MacArthur，Napoleon，and leaders of Imperial Japan drew inspiration from the work. 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】　本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，簡(jiǎn)要介紹了《孫子兵法》一書(shū)的內(nèi)容以及它的地位和影響。 1．What’s the author’s purpose in writing this text? A．To introduce Sun Tzu. B．To introduce The Art of War. C．To tell us the history of wars. D．To tell us some military strategies. 解析：選B。作者意圖題。本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，簡(jiǎn)要介紹了《孫子兵法》一書(shū)的內(nèi)容以及它在全球的地位和影響。故B項(xiàng)正確。 2．According to Sun Tzu，________. A．to position an army is a subjective matter B．objective conditions decide a war’s victory C．strategy means sticking to an established plan D．a(chǎn) general should react to changing conditions 解析：選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段，孫武強(qiáng)調(diào)的主要戰(zhàn)略思想有：①排兵布陣需要客觀形勢(shì)和主觀理念相結(jié)合；②戰(zhàn)略并非照搬既定的方針一成不變，而應(yīng)該根據(jù)變化的形勢(shì)做出反應(yīng)和調(diào)整。由此可知，D項(xiàng)屬于孫武的戰(zhàn)略思想。 3．The author－lists some famous people’s names in the last paragraph to________. A．explain the history of The Art of War B．a(chǎn)dvise people to read The Art of War C．show the influence of The Art of War D．prove The Art of War is used in many fields 解析：選C。推理判斷題。作者在最后一段列舉一些從這部著作中獲得靈感的名人，主要是想證明《孫子兵法》一書(shū)在全球范圍的影響力。故C項(xiàng)正確。 4．What do we learn about The Art of War? A．It is applied in more than military field. B．It has a history of about 1,000 years. C．It is the oldest and most successful book in the world. D．It contains some business management strategies. 解析：選A。推理判斷題。結(jié)合第二段結(jié)尾，可以判斷《孫子兵法》一書(shū)已被廣泛應(yīng)用于商業(yè)管理及其它方面，超出了軍事領(lǐng)域。由第二段中的for the last two thousand years可排除B項(xiàng)；由第二段首句可排除C項(xiàng)；根據(jù)第一段，該書(shū)13章全部是關(guān)于戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的內(nèi)容。它只是被應(yīng)用于商業(yè)領(lǐng)域，但并不包括商業(yè)管理內(nèi)容，故排除D項(xiàng)。