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2019-2020年高考英語(yǔ)大一輪復(fù)習(xí) 簡(jiǎn)單句 北師大版 簡(jiǎn)單句、并列句和復(fù)合句　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 一、簡(jiǎn)單句 當(dāng)一個(gè)句子只包含一個(gè)主謂結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)稱為簡(jiǎn)單句。簡(jiǎn)單句大體上可以分為下面五種類型： 1．主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ) The plane has landed. He sat down beside me. 2．主語(yǔ)＋系動(dòng)詞＋表語(yǔ) 表語(yǔ)可以是形容詞、名詞、代詞、副詞、分詞、不定式、介詞短語(yǔ)、從句等。 The medicine tastes horrible. 3．主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)＋賓語(yǔ) Who can answer this question? Lots of people are applying for the job. 4．主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)＋間接賓語(yǔ)＋直接賓語(yǔ) My uncle gave me a ticket. I showed my passport to one of the immigration officers. 從以上例句可見，短的間接賓語(yǔ)(如me，them，Jane)都放在前面，較長(zhǎng)的都放到后面。至于加to還是for要根據(jù)動(dòng)詞決定。 5．主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)＋賓語(yǔ)＋補(bǔ)語(yǔ) 賓語(yǔ)和補(bǔ)語(yǔ)一起構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)。補(bǔ)語(yǔ)的作用就是為賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)充一些重要的信息資料。 They appointed him managing director. 在以上五類句子中，有些句子，如祈使句，主語(yǔ)一般省略掉。 Show me your passport. 二、并列句 并列句的兩部分可用分號(hào)(；)連接。 It was getting late；she had to hurry to the station. 但更多的并列句都包含一個(gè)并列連詞，把兩部分連接起來，這兩部分可稱為分句，也可稱為并列分句。英語(yǔ)中的并列連詞有：and, but, for, or, so, yet, nor，not only...but(also)，either...or，neither...nor等，由它們連接并列分句。 He shook his head，for he thought differently. 三、復(fù)合句 包含一個(gè)主句和一個(gè)或幾個(gè)從句的句子叫復(fù)合句，從句由從屬連詞或關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)。從句分為定語(yǔ)從句、名詞性從句和狀語(yǔ)從句。 The news that our women volleyball team had won the championship encouraged us all greatly. A man who doesn’t learn from others can’t achieve much. The film had begun when we got to the cinema. 1．I refuse to accept the blame for something________was someone else’s fault.(xx全國(guó)Ⅱ，16) A．who B．that C．a(chǎn)s D．what 2．Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel，David Copperfield，was______it was rather closely modeled on his own life.(xx北京，32) A．what B．that C．why D．whether 3．In China，the number of cities is increasing________development is recognized across the world.(xx重慶，28) A．where B．which C．whose D．that 4．The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people，many of________left their village homes for a better life in the city.(xx浙江，3) A．whom B．which C．them D．those 一、判斷下列句子是簡(jiǎn)單句、并列句還是復(fù)合句 1．We often study Chinese history on Friday afternoon.________ 2．The boy who offered me his seat is called Tom.________ 3．There is a chair in this room，isn’t there？________ 4．My brother and I went to school at half past seven in the morning and came back home at seven in the evening.________ 5．He is in Class One and I am in Class Two.________ 6．He was fond of drawing when he was yet a child.________ 7．Neither has he changed his mind，nor will he do so.________ 8．What he said at the meeting is very important，isn’t it？________ 二、單項(xiàng)填空 1．________ scientists know where a storm will happen，winds will suddenly change，carrying the storm to a new direction. A．Even if B．Since C．Despite D．Unless 2．Is ________ 48 hours ________ the manmade satellite ________ is made in our country to orbit the planet around? A．it；that；where B．it；when；that C．it for；that it takes；that D．it；that it takes；which 3．In a sports team each player has a clear role，and there are few occasions ________ members are confused or uncertain of their roles. A．which B．that C．when D．how 4．Can you give me a case ________ this phrase can be used? A．when B．that C．where D．which 5．It is a good idea to ask for a map at the information center，________ may prove to be very useful before you start your tour of the museum. A．where B．which C．who D．that 6．The engineers made two big plans for the dam，______ was never put in force. A．one of them B．which C．one of which D．every one of which 7．—Which can I take，Mr.Smith? —Take ________ one you like and leave the others for ________ es late. A．whoever；who B．whichever；who C．whatever；whom D．whichever；whoever 8．It is reported that the medical team has already reached ________ is regarded as the most dangerous area. A．where B．which C．what D．a(chǎn)s 9．Please do me a favor—________ my friend Mr.Smith to Youth Theater at 7∶30 tonight. A．to invite B．inviting C．invite D．invited 10．—What do you think of teaching，Bob? —I find it fun and challenging.It is a job ________ you are doing something serious but interesting. A．where B．which C．when D．that 11．—Jenny，you left your MP3 on the table when you went out. —Oh，my God! ________！ A．So did I B．So I did C．I did so D．I did it 12．________ a certain doubt among the young people as to the necessity of work. A．It existed B．There existed C．They had D．It had 13．________ and the problem might be solved. A．Making one more effort B．If you make one more effort C．One more effort D．To make one more effort 14．—Centuries ago，many businessmen traveled on horseback. —________，I imagine. A．So did they B．They did，too C．So they did D．So they were 15．________，the job can be done much better. A．Give me more time B．Giving me more time C．More time given D．If giving more time 答案 感悟高考 1．B　[句意為：我拒絕接受因別人的錯(cuò)誤而對(duì)我進(jìn)行的指責(zé)。定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞是something，who在定語(yǔ)從句中指人，故排除who；引導(dǎo)詞在句中作主語(yǔ)，故用that；as只可引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，代替前面或后面的整個(gè)句子；what不能引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。] 2．B　[句意為：查爾斯狄更斯喜歡他自己的小說《大衛(wèi)科波菲爾》的部分理由是這部小說很貼近他自己的生活實(shí)際。that引導(dǎo)了一個(gè)表語(yǔ)從句，只起連接作用，不作句子成分。] 3．C　[句意為：在中國(guó)，(城市)發(fā)展得到全世界認(rèn)可的城市數(shù)量在不斷增長(zhǎng)。句中的“發(fā)展”是指“城市的發(fā)展”，先行詞為cities，與development為從屬關(guān)系，因此用whose development。] 4．A　[句意為：這個(gè)定居點(diǎn)是將近1,000人的家園，他們中的許多人為了過上更好的生活離開農(nóng)村老家來到這座城市。逗號(hào)暗示其后為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為people，故many of后需要賓格形式的關(guān)系代詞，且指代人，綜合題意，只有whom符合條件。which指代物；them與those不能引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，故排除。] 領(lǐng)悟語(yǔ)法 一、1.簡(jiǎn)單句　2.復(fù)合句　3.簡(jiǎn)單句　4.簡(jiǎn)單句　5.并列句　6.復(fù)合句　7.并列句　8.復(fù)合句 二、1.A　[even if引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“即使”。句意為：即使科學(xué)家們知道會(huì)有暴風(fēng)雨發(fā)生，但是風(fēng)向會(huì)突然發(fā)生改變，使得暴風(fēng)雨移向新的方向。] 2．D　[該句是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是48 hours，緊跟的that從句用了It takes sb.some time to do sth.結(jié)構(gòu)；which引導(dǎo)的是先行詞為the manmade satellite的定語(yǔ)從句。] 3．C　[空格引導(dǎo)的是occasions作先行詞的定語(yǔ)從句，且在從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。句意為：在體育隊(duì)里，每一個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)員的作用都是很明確的，極少有運(yùn)動(dòng)員不知道或不確定自己的作用的時(shí)候。] 4．C　[空格引導(dǎo)的是case作先行詞的定語(yǔ)從句，且在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。句意為：你能給我一個(gè)能用上這個(gè)詞組的情形嗎？] 5．B　[which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，其先行詞是to ask for a map at the information center。] 6．C　[前后是兩個(gè)句子且被逗號(hào)隔開，因此應(yīng)該是主從句，故排除A；由“was”排除B；every指代三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上的東西，排除D。] 7．D　[第一空引導(dǎo)的是take的賓語(yǔ)從句且在句中作like的賓語(yǔ)指代物，排除A；由第一句的which可知要拿的東西已經(jīng)限定了范圍，故C錯(cuò)；第二空引導(dǎo)的是for的賓語(yǔ)，且在從句中作主語(yǔ)，若填who，則缺少先行詞，故選D。] 8．C　[空格引導(dǎo)的是reach的賓語(yǔ)從句，且在從句中作主語(yǔ)，what＝the place that；若選擇B則沒有先行詞。] 9．C　[句意為：請(qǐng)幫我一個(gè)忙——邀請(qǐng)我的朋友史密斯先生今晚7∶30到青年劇院。句中破折號(hào)表示解釋說明，空格處表示的語(yǔ)氣應(yīng)為祈使語(yǔ)氣，所以用動(dòng)詞原形。] 10．A　[where在句中為關(guān)系副詞，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞job。] 11．B　[“我確實(shí)把MP3落在桌子上了”。] 12．B　[此處用existed代表there be中的be。] 13．C　[祈使句＋and＋簡(jiǎn)單句。祈使句中的動(dòng)詞可省略，用一個(gè)名詞短語(yǔ)來代替。] 14．C　[“他們肯定是的”。] 15．C　[省略句：If more time is given...。]